2019中考英语二轮复习完形填空讲解精选.doc

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1、12019中考英语完形填空讲解+精选Mums Christmas Surprise 1. 掌握本篇完形填空中出现的高频词及长难句。2. 掌握完形填空的解题技巧，并能够指出本篇完形填空中运用到的解题技巧。3. 通过完形填空高频词、长难句等语料的积累，及完形填空解题技巧的练习，灵活应对各种完形填空题。知识篇“巧妇难为无米之炊” ，在英语学习的过程中，语料的积累至关重要。对于完形填空高频词和长难句的梳理，能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。亲爱的同学，老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句，快来看看你掌握了吗？一、高频词【课前检测学生的词汇量储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。具体使用中

2、可以删去词义词性部分，给小例句提示。并标记出学生的实际掌握情况（优良差） 】单词 词性及词义 示例 备注 掌握情况n. 1)惊喜 2)惊讶Mums Christmas Surprisesurprisev. 使惊奇 What surprised me most was that they got married soon.同义词：amaze; astonish相关词：surprised; surprisingdrop v.1)落下 2)放下 3)降低 4)中Molly ran back home and dropped her schoolbag on the sofa.教 学目标名 师点拨2途

3、卸客Order Formn. 1)次序 2)命令3)订单 4)点菜May I take your order?orderv.1)命令 2)订购,点菜The officer ordered them to fire.n.1)表格 2)种类formv. 组成Order Formexcitedly adv.激动地 said excitedly 相关词:excite; excited; excitement等n.散步walkv.1)走 2)护送走 3)遛He always walks her home.walk a dogsave v.1)救助 2)攒钱save ones life; save mon

4、ey同义词：rescuen. 眼泪tearv. 撕掉the order form torn from the catalog(商品目录)teartore torn pass v.1)路过 2)递 3)及格 4)时间流逝passed a stamp to herrealize v. 1)意识到 2)实现I didnt realizeuntilrealize ones dreamremind v.提醒；使想起n.1)手 2)帮忙give sb. a handhandv. 交；递 She handed me the letter.3lonely adj.孤独的；偏僻的a lonely island

5、相关词：alone; lonelinessdesign n/v. 设计 design a carcheck v. 检查 check ones workset v. 1)放置 2) 摆放餐具set the tablen. 书bookv. 预定book a flight to Beijing同义词：reservepull up 停车 He pulled up at the traffic lightmake ones way to 向走去 Mr. Smith making his way to the doorlight up 1)喜形于色 2)照亮Her eyes lit up when she

6、 saw the gloves.lightlitlit 二、长难句【课前检测学生的句型储备, 以教师提问的形式进行。可以根据提示分析句子结构完成句子翻译。 】1. Molly didnt realize how white Mr. Smiths beard was until that moment.结构分析：_本句含有“notuntil”结构，表示“直到才”句子翻译：_直到那一刻 Molly才意识到 Smith先生的胡子是多么的白。仿句练习：直到我做了班长，我才意识到团队合作是多么重要。_I did not realize the importance of teamwork until I

7、 became the monitor of our class.2. Coming home from school every day, Molly peeked at （偷看） Dad结构分析：_4本句含有“V-ing 做状语”的结构，可以转换为 when引导的时间状语从句：When she came home from school every day, Molly peeked at （偷看） Dad句子翻译：_每天从学校回来，Molly 都会偷偷地看看爸爸仿句练习：昨天在街上走着的时候，我遇到了一位老朋友。_When I was walking on the street yest

8、erday, I met an old friend of mine. Walking on the street yesterday, I met an old friend of mine.3. From the window they saw Mr. Smith making his way to the door, with a box in his hand.结构分析：_本句含有“see sb. doing sth”的结构，表示“看到某人正在做某事”和“with+宾语+介词短语”的结构，表示伴随的状态。句子翻译：_透过窗户，他们看到 Mr. Smith手里拿着一个盒子向他家的房门走来

9、。仿句练习：老师手里拿着书走进来。_The teacher came in , with a book in his hand.4. It was Christmas that no one would ever forget.结构分析：_本句含有“it is/wasthat”强调句型。句子翻译：_每个人都不曾忘记这个圣诞节。/正是这个圣诞节，每个人都不曾忘记。仿句练习：正是在下周我们要举行运动会。_It is next week that we will hold the sports meeting.5方法篇“方法得当, 事半功倍。 ”只有语料的积累，没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于完形填

10、空解题方法的梳理，能够帮助我们更好地理解完形填空的命题逻辑，在有足够语料积累的基础上，能够帮助我们争取高分。亲爱的同学，老师已经为你精心整理了完形填空的解题技巧，快来看看你掌握了多少？一、完形填空解题步骤第一步通读全文，把握脉络 跳过空格，速读全文，把握大意。注意文中的语篇关键词，和句中的连词，如 but出现后就说明句子强调的重点是 but后面的内容；再如代词 it指代的定是前文的单数或者不可数名词。找到关键词可以帮助我们掌握文章的大概意思及其想要传达的寓意。第二步瞻前顾后，上下求索 联系上下文，运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，抓住文章中的上下文线索词。【具体的解题策略会在下一部分详细

11、描述】第三步再读文章，核查答案 代入答案，再读全文，反复检查，争取做到：结构正确+语义通顺+逻辑合理。二、完形填空解题策略方法方法一：词汇复现法解释“词汇复现”是指某一词汇以原词、词形变化(如 protect和 protection)、同义词/近义词(如 road和 trail)、反义词(如 wrong和 correct)、上下义词(上下义是指词的总结和分解关系，上义词是总称词，下义词是被包含的个体或种类。如adult是 my father的上义词；coat 是 clothes的下义词) 等重复出现在语篇之中。6例题例 1：He is very kind and friendly to oth

12、ers. Because of his _, he is quite popular with the people around him. A. ability B. honesty C. relationship D. kindness【分析：通过上文“He is very kind and friendly to others”，由“kind”可知因为他的“善良友好”他很受欢迎。故选 D。】例 2：The old man tends to forget things from time to time. In other words, he is more and more _. A.

13、forgetful B. unforgettable C. easy-going D. hard-working【分析：通过上文“The old man tends to forget things from time to time”，由“forget”可知他越来越“健忘”。故选 A。（forgetful“健忘的”，unforgettable“难忘的”。）】方法方法二：上下文推理法解释“上下文推理法”是指根据对上下文的语义和整个语篇的理解，进行适当的推理判断，因此需重点注意挖空处的上下文语境，判断清楚所要表达的含义。例题例：When we talked, I discovered（发现）so

14、me differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little _17_ than that in China. We usually have forty minutes in each class.17. A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. later【分析：通过上文“each class lasts fifty minutes in the US”和下文“We usua

15、lly have forty minutes in each class.”可知美国每节课是 50分钟，中国每节课是 40分钟，根据上下文可以推断出美国的课时比中国的长，故选 B。】方法方法三：逻辑推理法解释“逻辑推理法”是根据文章的逻辑关系（如因果、并列、让步、转折、时间顺序、目的、条件、选择等）进行适当的推理判断，因此需特别注意挖空处表示逻辑关系的连词（如 and表并列，but 和 however表转折，so 表因果，first of all、then和 finally表顺序等）。7例题例 1：My youngest cousin likes Chinese Beijing Opera v

16、ery much, but he cant sing 6 . 6. A. badly B. easily C. well D. excitedly【分析：通过上文“My youngest cousin likes Chinese Beijing Opera”和连词“but”，可以推断出前后存在转折关系，此处想要表达的含义是“喜欢但唱得不好”，故选 C。】方法方法四：文化背景常识法解释“文化背景常识法”是指完形填空的文章内容往往与我们的文化生活、史地知识、生活科技等相关，有些内容是我们已经掌握的生活常识，答题时要充分调动相关知识帮助我们分析、推断。事实上，该技巧与“逻辑推断”常常交织在一起的，因

17、为虽有背景常识，仍需简单推理。需注意中外文化的差异性，不能总是用中国人看问题的角度来看待其它国家发生的事情。例题例：There are many kinds of animals in the world. Elephants are the 1 animals that live on land. Only some kinds of whales (鲸鱼) are bigger than elephants, but they live in the 2 . 1. A. biggest B. smallest C. smaller D. bigger2. A. river B. lake

18、C. sea D. forest【分析：第 1题，众所周知：大象是陆地上最大的动物，故选 A. biggest。第 2题，众所周知：鲸鱼生活在大海里，故选 C. sea。】方法 方法五：固定搭配法解释 完形填空以语境考查为主，但也有小部分题目考查语法知识、固定搭配和固定句型，解题过程中我们需要结合所学固定搭配选出正确答案。例题 例 1：When two people are in a conversation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the

19、 listener does pay attention 13 what he or she is speaking 13. A. for B. of C. with D. to【分析：考查固定短语“pay attention to 注意”，故选 D。】例 2：but we were relaxed when we were lying on the beach. We 10 some photos there. 10. A. got B. brought C. bought D. took8【分析：考查固定短语“take photos 拍照”，故选 D。】障碍阅读【遵循完形填空“先完意，后完

20、形”的原则，指导学生在障碍阅读的前提下领悟文章的主要意思，防止学生理解跑偏】(北京中考)Mums Christmas SurpriseMolly ran back home from school and dropped her schoolbag on the sofa. Then on the table she saw “Mums Wish Book” a mail order catalog（商品目录） from a gift shop. “Mum,” she said excitedly to herself, “this year youll get the gloves you

21、want!” Molly had walked a dog for a neighbor and saved her 31 all year to buy Mum the gloves. She opened “Mums Wish Book” and hoped that she could find these 32 in it. Tears ran down her face when she saw the gloves in the catalog. Mum wouldnt buy them for herself, because the family had a 33 time o

22、n the farm. She once heard Mum say to Dad, “Maybe 语篇精讲9some day, Ill have the money to get them.”Molly ran out by the back door and went straight to the post office. There she carefully filled out the order form torn from the catalog.“I need to buy a stamp to 34 the form.” She said to Mr. Smith, the

23、 only worker in the post office.“Umm, a pair of gloves?” said Mr. Smith, as he passed a stamp to her.“Yes, Its a Christmas gift for Mum, but please dont tell her. Its our 35 , OK?” Molly didnt realize how white Mr. Smiths beard was until that moment. In face, he reminded her of Santa Claus.As Molly

24、walked back home, she decided to tell Dad her secret. “Youve got to check the mailbox every day,” said Molly 36 to Dad. He nodded, with a big smile.Coming home from school every day, Molly peeked at （偷看） Dad when Mum wasnt 37 , but every time he shook his head.On Christmas Eve, Dad came back from ma

25、ilbox, still empty handed. Molly felt 38 when she went to bed, because she didnt have the gloves for Mum.Before Christmas dinner, as Mum took the apple pies out of the oven, Molly began 39 the table. Suddenly, they heard someone pulling up the driveway. From the window they saw Mr. Smith making his

26、way to the door, with a box in his hand. Mr. Smith 40 Mum the box, “I believe this is yours.”Mum looked from Dad to Molly and opened the box. Her eyes lit up when she saw the gloves. “Oh, who bought these for me?” she asked.“Santa did,” said Molly smilingly.“Ho! Ho! Ho! Merry Christmas!” Mr. Smith,

27、with a loud laugh.It was Christmas that no one would ever forget.文章大意为 _（只给出关键词即可）参考答案：Molly gave her Mum a Christmas surprise-a pair of gloves she wanted.参考关键词：Christmas; surprise; gloves【注：程度比较好的学生可以进行无选项填空训练】10语篇练习话题 体裁 词数 建议用时 实际用时 正确率 难度人物故事类记叙文 425 12-15分钟 _/10(北京中考)Mums Christmas SurpriseMoll

28、y ran back home from school and dropped her schoolbag on the sofa. Then on the table she saw “Mums Wish Book” a mail order catalog（商品目录） from a gift shop. “Mum,” she said excitedly to herself, “this year youll get the gloves you want!” Molly had walked a dog for a neighbor and saved her 31 all year

29、to buy Mum the gloves. She opened “Mums Wish Book” and hoped that she could find these 32 in it. Tears ran down her face when she saw the gloves in the catalog. Mum wouldnt buy them for herself, because the family had a 33 time on the farm. She once heard Mum say to Dad, “Maybe some day, Ill have th

30、e money to get them.”Molly ran out by the back door and went straight to the post office. There she carefully filled out the order form torn from the catalog.“I need to buy a stamp to 34 the form.” She said to Mr. Smith, the only worker in the post office.“Umm, a pair of gloves?” said Mr. Smith, as

31、he passed a stamp to her.“Yes, Its a Christmas gift for Mum, but please dont tell her. Its our 35 , OK?” Molly didnt realize how white Mr. Smiths beard was until that moment. In face, he reminded her of Santa Claus.As Molly walked back home, she decided to tell Dad her secret. “Youve got to check th

32、e mailbox every day,” said Molly 36 to Dad. He nodded, with a big smile.Coming home from school every day, Molly peeked at （偷看） Dad when Mum wasnt 37 , but every time he shook his head.On Christmas Eve, Dad came back from mailbox, still empty handed. Molly felt 38 when she went to bed, because she d

33、idnt have the gloves for Mum.Before Christmas dinner, as Mum took the apple pies out of the oven, Molly 11began 39 the table. Suddenly, they heard someone pulling up the driveway. From the window they saw Mr. Smith making his way to the door, with a box in his hand. Mr. Smith 40 Mum the box, “I beli

34、eve this is yours.”Mum looked from Dad to Molly and opened the box. Her eyes lit up when she saw the gloves. “Oh, who bought these for me?” she asked.“Santa did,” said Molly smilingly.“Ho! Ho! Ho! Merry Christmas!” Mr. Smith, with a loud laugh.It was Christmas that no one would ever forget.31. A. ti

35、me B. money C. energy D. food32. A. flowers B. sunglasses C. gloves D. chocolates33. A. hard B. lonely C. short D. busy34. A. design B. check C. complete D. send35. A. secret B. choice C. dream D. task36. A. patiently B. doubtfully C. proudly D. quietly37. A. working B. looking C. smiling D. talking

36、38. A. sad B. strange C. angry D. tired39. A. pushing B. changing C. setting D. booking40. A. bought B. handed C. lent D. returned语篇精讲：参考答案：3135 BCADA 3640 DBACB文章大意：Molly gave her Mum a Christmas surprise-a pair of gloves she wanted.答案解析：31. 通过上文“Molly had walked a dog for a neighbor and saved”和下文“

37、to buy Mum the gloves. ”可以推断出她“省钱”给妈妈买手套，故选 B. money。32. 通过下文“she saw the gloves in the catalog” ，可知茉莉想给妈妈买 gloves。 故选 C。33. 通过上文“Mum wouldnt buy them for herself”和连词“because”，可以得知前后两句话存在因果关系因为他们家的农场正值困难时期，妈妈不会自己买手套的， 故选A。34. 通过上文“I need to buy a stamp to”可以推断出买邮票是为了“邮寄”填写好的表格，故选 D。35. 通过上文“Its a Ch

38、ristmas gift for Mum, but please dont tell her.”她不想告诉她的妈妈. 和下文“she decided to tell Dad her secret. ”故选 A。1236. 根据生活常识可以得知应该悄悄地说（quietly）秘密，故选 D。37. 通过对整个语篇的理解，可得知给妈妈买礼物是个秘密，因此可以推断出应该在妈妈看不见的情况下，茉莉和爸爸用肢体语言交流，故选 B。38. 通过上文“On Christmas Eve, Dad came back from mailbox, still empty handed. ”得知礼物没得到， 因此可以

39、推断出 Molly感到“悲伤”，故选 A。 39. 根据生活常识可得知当妈妈从烤炉里拿出苹果派时作为孩子的 Molly应该开始摆桌子准备吃饭，故选 C.40. 通过上文“Mr. Smith making his way to the door，with a box in his hand. ”可以得知 Mr. Smith 来送包裹了，因此可以推断出 Mr. Smith自然而然的把包裹递给妈妈. 应用动词 handed. 故选 B。精讲笔记【学生在教师的指导下，回顾本讲中积累的完形填空的知识和方法】语篇中积累的词汇【至少 10个】单词 词性及词义 单词的运用（鼓励学生用所学词汇造句）realiz

40、e语篇中的学到的方法 【根据具体教学情况归纳总结】 【至少掌握 2个】方法一：词汇复现法 如：本篇文章中的 32. ( gloves) 方法二：上下文推理法方法三：逻辑推理法方法四：文化背景常识法方法五：固定搭配法13基础过关一、词汇/短语翻译单词 词义、词性 备注 1 _ n. 精力、能量2 _ adj. 困难的；坚硬的 3 _ adj.孤独的；偏僻的 4 _ v./n.设计5 _ v. 完成 adj.完整的6 _ v. 检查7 _ v. 邮寄；送8 _ n.选择 9 _ n. 任务10 patiently _11 doubtfully _12 angry _13 set _ 翻译：set

41、the table 14 book v. _ 15 _ v. 返回；归还16handn. 手；_v. _ 翻译：give sb. a hand17 _ n.惊喜 v. 使惊奇18 _ n.命令;订单 v.命令;订购19 _ n.表格;种类20 excitedly _21walkn.散步v.走; _翻译：He always walks her home.walk a dog22 _ v.救助;攒钱23 tear n. 眼泪 翻译：the order form torn from the 能 力提升14v. _ catalog(商品目录)24 _ v.意识到;实现25 _ v.提醒；使想起26pu

42、ll up _翻译：He pulled up at the traffic light27 make ones way to _翻译：Mr. Smith making his way to the door28light up _翻译：Her eyes lit up when she saw the gloves.二、句子翻译1. 直到那一刻 Molly才意识到 Smith先生的胡子是多么的白。_2. 事实上，他使她想到了圣诞老人。_3. 每天从学校回来，Molly 都会偷偷地看看爸爸_4. 透过窗户，他们看到 Mr. Smith手里拿着一个盒子向他家的房门走来。_5. 正是这个圣诞节，每个人

43、都不曾忘记。_完形练习(北京中考)The Phone CallIt was getting dark. Paul looked out of the window and signed (叹气). Dad said he could come home by 5:30, but it was almost 7:00. Even if Dad came back, it wouldnt be much fun playing _31_ in the dark. Paul walked into his room and threw his baseball into the corner. He

44、 tried to do some homework, but couldnt. The phone rang at about 8:00. It was Dad: “Paul, Im _32_ , but I couldnt play baseball with you tonight. I have to finish my work at the office. Maybe we can play this weekend. Oh no. How about next weekend?” Paul couldnt understand why Dad was so _33_ . He threw himself into the sofa and soon fell asleep. His book was still opened to the first page. The next day at school, Paul didnt hand in his homework and _34_ a test. 15Mrs. Green, his teacher, asked him to stay after school. “Paul, you didnt do your