SAE AMS 2772F-2011 Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Raw Materials《铝合金原材料的热处理》.pdf

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1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref

2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2011 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication ma

3、y be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside US

4、A) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS2772FAEROSPACEMATERIALSPECIFICATIONAMS2772 REV. F Issued 1997-01 Revised 2011-07 Superseding

5、 AMS2772E Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Raw Materials RATIONALEAMS2772F adds new alloys to Tables 1, 4, and 5B, and revises a footnote to Table 2. 1. SCOPE 1.1 Purpose This specification covers requirements and recommendations for the heat treatment of wrought aluminum alloy raw materials (See 8.

6、2.1) by producers. It supersedes AMS-H-6088 and replaces MIL-H-6088. 1.1.1 Tempers Aluminum alloy tempers are described in SAE AS1990 and ANSI H35.1. 1.1.2 Other Alloys This specification may be used for alloys other than those specified herein providing temperatures, times, and quenchant are specif

7、ied. 1.1.3 Other Heat Treatment 1.1.3.1 Parts (See 8.2.2) Made from wrought raw material shall be heat treated in accordance with AMS2770. 1.1.3.2 Castings and Parts Made from Castings Are not covered by this specification; heat treatment of aluminum castings and parts made from such castings is cov

8、ered by AMS2771. 1.1.3.3 Temper Conversion Warehouses, distributors, etc., shall conform to 3.8. 1.1.3.4 Procedure for Response-to-Heat-Treatment Tests Shall conform to 3.9. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted withou

9、t license from IHS-,-,-SAE AMS2772F Page 2 of 25 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific

10、document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply. 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7

11、323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.AMS2750 Pyrometry AMS2770 Heat Treatment of Wrought Aluminum Alloy Parts AMS2771 Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Castings AMS-H-6088 Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloys ARP1962 Training and Approval of Heat-Treating Personnel AS19

12、90 Aluminum Alloy Tempers 2.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org.ASTM STP 15D Manual on Presentation of Data and Control Chart Analysis ASTM B 557 Tension Testing Wrought and Cas

13、t Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products ASTM B 557M Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products (Metric) ASTM B 666/B 666M Identification Marking of Aluminum and Magnesium Products ASTM G 110 Evaluating Intergranular Corrosion Resistance of Heat Treatable Aluminum Alloys

14、 by Immersion in Sodium Chloride + Hydrogen Peroxide Solution 2.3 U.S. Government Publications Available from the Document Automation and Production Service (DAPS), Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Tel: 215-697-6257, http:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/.MIL-STD-1537 E

15、lectrical Conductivity Test for Verification of Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloys, Eddy Current MethodCopyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE AMS2772F Page 3 of 25 2.4 ANSI Publications A

16、vailable from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org.ANSI H35.1 American National Standard Alloy and Temper Designation Systems for Aluminum 2.5 Battelle Publications Available from Battelle, 505 King Ave, Columbus, OH 43201 or

17、 www.mmpds.org.MMPDS Metallic Materials Properties Development and Standardization (MMPDS) 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Equipment Qualification Before production heat treatment, each solution heat treating furnace/quench facility and each aging furnace shall be qualified by tensile and metallurgica

18、l testing (See 4.4) of heat treated samples representative of the most quench-sensitive (See 4.3.2.5.1) product to be heat treated. In addition, qualification of quench facilities shall include conformanceto 4.3. 3.1.1 Sample Thickness Tensile tests shall be representative of the thinnest and the th

19、ickest material to be heat treated; intermediate thickness samples shall be included when necessary to ensure proper production heat treatment. Thickness for metallurgical tests shall conform to 4.4. 3.1.2 Sample Locations Samples shall be randomly positioned in simulated production loads except at

20、least one of the tensile test samples shall be positioned at a location which exhibited a conductivity within 0.3% of the highest conductivity in a quench uniformity test. 3.1.3 Equipment Re-Qualification Whenever any qualified equipment is changed or reworked, it shall be re-qualified unless it is

21、known that the change or rework will not have a detrimental effect upon the properties of products. Re-qualification of quench facilities shall include conformance to 4.3. 3.2 Pyrometry Shall conform to AMS2750 except (1) it is not applicable to furnaces used only for stress relieving or full anneal

22、ing below 825 F (441 C), (2) recordings from instruments may be stored on magnetic or optical media providing a hard copy is producible on request, and (3) in continuous and semi- continuous furnaces, the requirements applicable to controls, instruments, and sensors in the working (soaking) zone sha

23、ll also be applicable to the heating (heat-up) zone. 3.2.1 The temperature uniformity test requirements of AMS2750 shall be modified as follows: 3.2.1.1 Load Condition Initial tests shall be performed with a typical load. Subsequent tests may be performed with any load or no load. Furnaces which hav

24、e only been tested with a heavy load (in anticipation of only heat treating heavy loads) (See 8.2.9) shall not be used to heat treat light loads unless load sensors and recording instruments are employed to (1) preclude any portion of the load exceeding the maximum specified temperature on heat-up a

25、nd (2) ensure soaking within the specified range for the required time. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE AMS2772F Page 4 of 25 3.2.1.2 Load Sensors When all production loads are he

26、avy (See 8.2.9) and a temperature uniformity test load is heavy, load sensors may be used in lieu of uniformity test sensors. 3.2.1.3 Loaded Furnaces During the heat-up portion of uniformity tests performed on a loaded batch furnace and during the period that a load is in the heating (heat-up) zone(

27、s) of continuous and semi-continuous furnaces, the temperature of the heating medium may exceed the maximum of the range being tested providing that the metal temperature does not exceed that maximum. 3.2.1.4 Uniformity Requirements During the test period, the temperature of all working and test sen

28、sors in the working (soaking) zone shall be within the following allowable ranges (these ranges supersede the temperature tolerances specified in AMS2750): 3.2.1.4.1 50 F (28 C) range for furnaces used only for full annealing at 825 F (441 C) and higher. Annealing temperatures shall be controlled so

29、 as to preclude any material exceeding the lowest solution heat treating temperature for the alloy being annealed. 3.2.1.4.1.1 For furnaces used only for full annealing below 825 F (441 C) and for stress relieving, there are no temperature uniformity requirements. 3.2.1.4.2 30 F (17 C) range for fur

30、naces used only for solution heat treatment of those 6xxx alloys for which Table 1 specifies a range of 30 F (17 C) degrees or more. 3.2.1.4.3 20 F (11 C) range for furnaces used for solution heat treatment of 6xxx alloys for which Table 1 specifies a range of less than 30 F (17 C). 3.2.1.4.4 20 F (

31、11 C) range for furnaces used for solution heat treatment of other alloys except 10 F (6 C) range for furnaces used for solution heat treatment of 8090 sheet. 3.2.1.4.5 20 F (11 C) range for furnaces used for aging treatments. 3.2.1.4.6 20 F (11 C) range for furnaces used for processing to the -O1 t

32、emper. 3.3 Heating Media for Solution Heat Treatment Shall be air, protective atmosphere, combusted gases, molten salt bath, or fluidized bed. However, no protective atmosphere, combusted gas or fluidized bed environment shall be used unless it has been shown by test (in accordance with 4.4.1.1), on

33、 the alloy/form to be heat treated, to yield product which is free from heat treat induced porosity. Composition of salt baths and fluidized beds shall be maintained to prevent attack of the product. 3.4 Preparation for Heat Treatment 3.4.1 Cleanliness Prior to heat treating, product shall be free f

34、rom surface contaminants which could have a detrimental effect on the material.3.4.2 Racking and Spacing During solution heat treatment, product shall be supported or hung and spaced to permit flow of the heating and cooling media over all surfaces to ensure that all product will meet the specified

35、requirements. During aging, product shall be supported or hung and spaced so that it will be heated and soaked as required to meet the specified requirements. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from

36、IHS-,-,-SAE AMS2772F Page 5 of 25 3.4.2.1 Load arrangement shall be validated by heat treatment of a similarly arranged load (See 8.2.10) containing one or more appropriately placed load sensors which show that all product will be soaked within the specified temperature range for a time which has be

37、en previously shown, by tensile tests, to produce the specified properties (not required for load arrangements which have been previously validated in accordance with AMS-H-6088 or a previous issue of AMS2772). Written instructions, drawings, photographs, or other illustrations shall be used to ensu

38、re proper load arrangements. 3.4.2.2 Thin Forgings Random racking (not nested) or layering of forgings, 1-inch (25-mm) and under in thickness is permissible for (1) solution heat treating (providing quenching is by immersion), (2) aging, and (3) annealing, providing product so racked has been demons

39、trated by test to meet the specified requirements. Layer thickness shall not exceed 3 inches (76 mm) and distance between layers shall be at least 3 inches (76 mm) (not required for load arrangements which have been previously validated in accordance with AMS-H-6088 or a previous issue of AMS2772).

40、3.5 Temperatures 3.5.1 Furnace temperatures shall be controlled so as to ensure that the metal temperature does not exceed the maximum of the range. 3.5.1.1 When a load is charged into a batch furnace whose indicated temperature is higher than the maximum of the specified range, a recording load sen

41、sor, in contact with the thinnest material on the outside of the load, shall be used to verify that the metal temperature did not exceed the maximum of the range. 3.6 Solution Heat Treatment 3.6.1 Product shall be soaked, in accordance with 3.6.2, within the temperature range specified in Table 1 an

42、d quenched as specified in 3.6.3. Quenching directly from a furnace or salt bath is required. Extrusion press quenching (See 8.2.6) and rolling mill quenching (See 8.2.7) are not permitted by AMS2772. 3.6.2 Soaking 3.6.2.1 Start Soaking time shall start when the readings of all load sensors indicate

43、 that the temperature of the load has reached the minimum of the required temperature range. Alternatively, determination that the temperature of the load has reached the minimum of the required temperature range (start of soaking time) may be based on readings of furnace instruments providing the l

44、ag between their readings and load temperature has been determined in a similarly arranged load. 3.6.2.2 Duration The load shall be maintained within the required temperature range for a time which has been previously shown, by tensile tests, to produce the specified properties (not required for soa

45、king times which have been previously validated in accordance with AMS-H-6088 or a previous issue of AMS2772). Recommended soaking times are listed in Table 2. 3.6.2.3 During soaking in a semi-continuous air furnace, a drop in temperature indicated by furnace instrument(s) is permissible providing t

46、hat: 3.6.2.3.1 The temperature indicated by any instrument does not drop more than 20 F (11 C) below the minimum of the specified range. 3.6.2.3.2 Time below the minimum of the specified range does not exceed 5 minutes. Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for Resale

47、No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-SAE AMS2772F Page 6 of 25 3.6.2.3.3 Soaking is continued for not less than 10 minutes after recovery to the minimum of the solution heat treatment temperature range before quenching. 3.6.2.3.4 If furnace temperature does not drop m

48、ore than 20 F (11 C) below the minimum of the specified range, but does not recover to the minimum of the specified temperature range within 5 minutes, the total soaking time within the specified range shall be increased; if less than 1 hour was required, it shall be increased by 1/2 hour; if 1 hour or more was required, it shall be increased by 1 hour. 3.6.3 Quenching (See 4.3, 8.2.6, and 8.2.7) 2xxx and 7xxx alloy forgings shall be quenched by immersion. Quenching of other forms of 2xxx and 7xxx alloys and all forms of other alloys shall be by immersion, spray or,