NAVY MIL-STD-765 A NOTICE 1-1978 COMPASS SWINGING AIRCRAFT GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR《飞机罗盘摆动的一般规则》.pdf

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1、./ MIWTARY STANDARD CWASS SWINGING .r AIRCRAFT, GENERAL EQUIREMENTS FOR THIS .DOCUMENT CONTAINS .J 4 PAGES. a Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IH

2、S-,-,-1c MIL-STD-765A NOTICE 3 hb 7777733 0038637 T W MILSTD-76% NOTICE 1 26 Julv 1978 MLITAR1 STANDARD COMPASS SWUGING, AnCRAFT, GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR TO ALL HOLDERS OF. MILSTD-765A. 1. THE FOL.LOUING PAGES OF MIL-STD-765A HAVE BEEN BEVISED AND SUPERSEDE THE PAGES LISTED: 2iluuWE ii iii . iv 1 .

3、2 . 3 4 7 B 10 .SUPERSEDED Pm ii iii iV 1 2 3 4 7 8 10 PBTE 4 January 1967 4 January 1967 4 January 1967 4 January 1967 4 January 1967 4 January 1967 4 January 1967 4 January 1967 4 January 1967 4 January 1967 2. THE FOLLOWING NEW PAGES ARE TO BE INSERTED AS LISTED: NEW PAGE; V vi la 2a 3a 4a Ba 3.

4、RETAIN THIS NOTICE PAGE AND INSERT BEFORE THE TABLE OF CONTENTS, 4: Holders of MIL-STD-765A will verify that page changes and additions indicated above have been entered. The notice page will be retained as a check sheet. This issuance, together with appended pages, is a separate publication. Fach n

5、otice -is to be retained by stocking points until the Military Standard is completely revised or cancelled, Custodians: Army -AV Navy - AS Air Force - 11 Preparing activity: Air Force - 11 (Project 6605-0260) Reviewer activities: Army - Navy - Air Force - 99 *US. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1978-703

6、-122l4214 FSC 6605 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-7b5A NOTICE L 66 9 77777LL 00LBb38 L M MIL-STD-765A 26 July 1978 . CONTENTS. mz.2 Paragraph 1 .SCOPE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . i . 1 1.1 Purpose -. . . , -. . . . . . . . . .

7、 . i 1 1.2 Classification . . . . . . . . . 1 2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . 1 2.1 Issues of docurients . . e . . . . . 1 3 DEFINITIONS (Not applicable) . . . . . la 4 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS- . . . . . . . . la 4.1 Method I - ground swinging . . . . . la 4.1.1 Method I- (a) - compass rose proc

8、edure 2 4.1.1.1 Compass swinging base . . . . . . . . 2 4.1.1.2 Means for aligning aircraft . . . . 2a 4.1.1.2.1 . Radial lines for se with plumb bobs 2a 4.1.1.2.2 Radial bar for use as wheel chocks . 2a 4.1.1.3 Methods of aiigning aircraft . . . 3 4.1.1.3.1 . i Compass rose with radial lines . . .

9、3 O 4.1.1.3.2 Compass rose with radial bar . . . . 3 4.1.2 Method I - (b) - sighting compass method 3 4.1.2.1 Sighting compass . . . . . . . . 3 4.1.2.2 Check for local variation in magnetic 4.1.2.3 -Method of determining magnetic field , . , . . . . . . . . . . 3 heading of aircraft . . . . . . . .

10、 3, 3a using.transit . . . . . . . . . . 4 4.1.3.1 Practical requirements of precision .ground swinging . . . . . . . . . 4 4.1.3.2 Transit location . . . . + . . . . 4 . 4.1.3 -. - Method I (c) - magnetic method, . . -. Supersedes page iii of 4 January 1967. - iii Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo re

11、production or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MfLeSTD-765A 26 July 1978 40 1.6 4*2 402.1 4.2.1.1.2 4.2.2.1 4.2.2.1.2 4.2.2o1* 1 CONTENTS (Continued) Eage , 4,4a Alternate transit location . . . . . 5 Transit mounting . . . . . . 5 Time interval . . . . . . . . . . 6 Compass signal

12、. . . . . . . 6 Method I (dl - transit method , . . 6 Method I (e) - electrioal method . 7 Praotical requirements of electrical swinging . . . . . . 7 Procedures for electrical compass swinging . . . . . . 8 Method I (f - omparison swinging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8a Method II - air swinging . .

13、 . . 9 Method II (a) - Celestial bearinBs 9 Astrocompass method . . . . . . . . . 9 Alignment of astrocompass mount in airoraft . . . . . . . . 9 Local hour angle (LHA) vs Greenwich civil time (CCI) . . . . 9 Graph of LHA vs GCT . . . . . . 9 Method of aligning aircraft . . . . 9 Azimuth vs time . .

14、 . . . . , . . . 9 Graph of azimuth vs time . . . . . . 9 Method of. aligning aircraft . . . 10 Method II (b) - terrestial bearings. . . . . . . . . . . 10 Draft sight . . . . . . . . . . 10 Alignment of drift sight . . , 10 Method of aligning aircraft . . . . 10 Supersedes page iv of 4 January 1967

15、 iv Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-. IIL-STD-7bSA NOTICE I bb 7777733 OOIBbllO T M MTL-TD-A . 26; July 1978 CONTENTS ( Continued) Paragraph 4.2 3 . Y . 3 *4.3.1 4.3.2- 4.3.3 4.3.4 . ;- Y . 3.5 4 3 6 4.4 4; 4.1 4.4.2 4.4; 3 4.5 4.5.1

16、4.5.1.1 4.5.1.1.1 4.5.1.1.2 4.5.1.1.3 4.5.1.1.4 4.5.1.1.5 4.5.1.1.6 4.5.1.1.7 4.5.1.1.8 4.5.1.2 4.5.1.2.1 4.5.1.2.2 4.5.2 4.5.2.1 4.5.2.1.1 4.5.2.1.2 .4.5.2. 1.3 4.5.2.1.4 4.5.2.1.5 4.5.2.1.6 5 Method II (c) . comparison bearings . Preiimlnary precautions . . . Position ic equipment in -. . aircraft

17、 : . personnel . Nonmagnetic screwdriver . or equipment . : . Removal of magnetic objects . . Check for serviceability Swinging of . production aircraft . swing . and ground swing . Magnetic m.ateria1 carried by .Other magnetic and nonmagnetic parts Difference of deviation between air Difference of-

18、.deviation due to Difference of deviation due to Swinging of compasses having altitude . equipment operation magnetic compensators . Ground swings Compass rose method . . . . . . . Swinging for calibration Sighting compass method . 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12

19、 13 “ . 15 . 15 Air swings . 14 Setting to null effect . 14 14 . 14 . 14 . 14 Swinging for calibration 14 14 DETAIL REQUIREMENTS (Not applicable) . 14 . Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,- “ flIL-STD-7bSA NOTICE L bb m 777733 0028b41 L Y

20、 CONTENTS (Continued) Coefficients having magnetic compensators . . . . 14 Compass rose method . . . . . . 14 null effect . . . . . , . . . . . 15 Sighting compass method . . 15 null effeot . . . 15 AN5823 COMPASS CORRECTION CARD . . . 16 Explanation of procedure , . . . . 16 Procedure . . . . e . .

21、 16 Recording data . . . . . . 16 Computations . . . . 17 Compensation . . . . 19 6,1,1.1 Deviatlons with ompensator set to 6.1.2,l Deviations with oompensator set to PROCEDURE FOR FILLING OUT STANDARD vi Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,

22、-,-. MIL-STD-765A NOTICE L 66 77779LL 00LBb112 3 MIL-STDc765A 26 July 1978 1. SCOPE 1.1 PurDose. This standard provides general requirements governing the swinging of compasses in aircraft compensation and calibration. It pertains specifically to accurate swinging of compasses in all fighter, bomber

23、, cargo, or helicopter type aircraft utilizing a standard magnetic cornpaas. 1.2 Classification. Methods of swinging compasses outlined herein are as f oll0 WS : Method I - Ground swinging Method II - Air swinging 2. REFERENCED WCUMENTS 2.1 Issues of documenta. The issues of the following doauments,

24、 in effect on date of invitation for bids, form a part of this standard to the extent specified herein : SPECIFICATIONS MILITARY MIL-C-7762 Compasses, Installation Of MIL-T-9145 Transmitter, Remote Compass, Bombing, Navigational Computer, Type C-3 MIL-T-19576 Transmitter, Remote Compass, Thin-king,

25、Type ML-1 (Unstabilized) MIL-D-26503 Detector, Magnetic Azimuth, and Compensator, Detector, Magnetic Azimuth MIL-C-26524 Calibrator Set, Magnetic Compass, Type A/E37T-10 MIL-D-38134 Detector, Magnetic Azimuth DSU-4/A, High Temperature STANDARDS MILITARY . AN5823 Card-Compass Correction PUBLICATIONS

26、NAVAIR 17-15CAA-45 Calibrator Set, Magnetic Compass, Type MC-2 Supersedes page 1 of 4 January 1967 1 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD“765A NOTICE L 66 77777L3 0038643 5 . MILSTD“(65A 26 July 1978 NAVY DEPARTMENT OCEANOGRAPHIC O

27、FFICE H.0, 211 Dead Reckoning Altitude and Azimuth Table H.O. 214 Tables of Cmputed Altitude and Azimuth H.O. 218 Astronomical Navigational Tables (Copies of specifications, standards, drawings and publications required by contractors in connection with specific procurement functions should be obtai

28、ned from the procuring activity or as directed by the contracting officer.) 3. DEFINITIONS (Not applicable) 4. GENERAL REQUIHEWNTS 4.1 Method I - around swinging. Compass swinging may be accomplished on the ground by arths magnetic field (magnetic declination) measured at any point within a space be

29、tween 2 and 6 feet above the surface of the compass rose, and extending over the required area of the compass rose, shall not differ by more than 0.2 degree from the direction measured at any other point within this area. The direction and uniformity of the Earths field shall be determined by a lice

30、nsed surveyor prior to the use of the area for compass swinging. The swinging area shall be checked annually thereafter for compliance with the . above requirement and also after any magnetic material, such as buildings, railroad traoks, direct-current powerlines, etc., are installed within 200 yard

31、s of the swinging area, These periodic checks will be performed by a licensed surveyor or when use of certified compass calibrator equipment is permitted, a trained/qualified specialist may be specified as the operator. Supersedes page 2 of 4 January 1967 2 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproducti

32、on or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-flIL-STD-765A NOTICE L bb m 77777LL 00386115 7 MILSTD-765A 26 July 1978 The date of observation and the mean magnetic declination of the area, as determined from the survey, shall be durably and legibly marked on the surface of the rose. Copies

33、 of the survey with all declination readings shall be retained by the custodian of the compass rose for a minimum of 2 years. A copy of each annual survey shall be forwarded to the cognizant higher command as designated. 4.1.1.2 Means for alfnnina aircraft. The compass rose shall be provided with th

34、e following means for alignment of aircraft: 4.1.1.2.1 Radial lines for use with Dlumb bobs. The compass rose shall be provided with a series of 24 radial lines, either painted on or inlaid in the surface, extending toward magnetic directions every 15 degrees beginning with magnetic North. Each line

35、 shall be clearly labeled to indicate the direction along which it lies. The magnetic direction of each of the lines shall agree with the corresponding markings of the line within 1/2 degree. If any line is more than 1/2 degree off, it shall be relaid or repainted. Accuracy of direction of the radia

36、l lines shall be checked by a licensed surveyor or when use of certified compass calibrator equipment is permitted, a trained/qualified specialist may be specified as the operator. In addition to the radial lines, the compass rose shall be provided with two circular lines, either painted on or inlai

37、d in the surface. One circular line shall have a radius of 50 feet and the other shall have a radius of 85 feet. 4.1.1.2.2 Radial bar for use as wheel chock. If this method is used, the ,compass rose shall be provided in addition to the radial lines, with a rigid non-magnetic bar which pivots about

38、the center of the rose and can be locked in each of 24 positions 15 degrees apart, including magnetic North. Each position of the bar shall be clearly market in order to indicate the magnetic heading of an aircraft whose wheels rest against the bar. The surface of the bar against which the wheels of

39、 the aircraft are to rest shall be so beveled that a flat or approximately flat surface shall be exposed to the wheels. The magnetic direction of the bar in each position shall differ by Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MILSTD-765A 26

40、July 1978 90 21/2 degrees from the corresponding marking of the rose. If any position of the bar is more than 1/2 degree off, the locked position shall be relocated. 4.1.1.3 Bethods of aligninn aircraft;. 4.1.1 . 3.1 Combass rose with radial lines. Two plwnb bobs shall be hung from points on the cen

41、terline of the aircraft, one near the nose, and the other near the tail, The aircraft shall be placed on the desired magnetic heading in such a way that the tips of the plumb bobs hang either directly over the appropriate line on the compass rose or on the same side of the line at equal perpendicula

42、r distances from it, The differences between the perpendicular distances of the tips of the bobs from the line shall not exceed 1/2 inch for each 15-fOOt separation of the bobs. If a wind is blowing, care shall be taken to shield the plumb bobs and their cords from the wind. 4.1.1.3.2 ombass rose wi

43、th radial bw. If the radial bar-type of rose is used, the bar shall be locked in the desired position and the aircraft shall be aligned by pushing the wheels against the bar. Care shall be taken that both tires are correctly inflated, that both wheels actually touch the bar, and that neither wheel i

44、s pressed against the bar so tightly as to dent the tire. Landing gear alignment shall be checked by using plumb bobs as described above for alignment with the corresponding radial line in the first position. If any error in alignment is revealed, suitable allowance shall be made in all subsequent s

45、wing positions for that aircraft. 4.1.2 Method I(b) - sighting comDass method, 4.1. 2.1 wtinn combass. The sighting compass shall consist of a compass approved for this application to which has been attached a suitable sighting device, The sighting compass shall be calibrated by means of a compass t

46、est stand or other suitable apparatus in such manner that magnetic bearings taken with it will be accurate to the nearest 1/2 degree. The friction error shall not exceed 1 degree. 4.1.2.2 Check for local variations in mametic field. The direction of the horizontal component of thehagnetic field shou

47、ld be constant to within the tolerances specified in 4. I. 1 1, The direction and uniformity of the Earths field shall be determined by a licensed surveyor prior to the use of the area for compass swinging. The swinging area shall be checked annually thereafter for compliance with the above requirem

48、ent and also after any magnetic material, such as buildings, railroad tracks, direct-current powerlines, etc., are installed within 200 yards of the swinging area. These periodic checks will be performed by a licensed surveyor or when use of a certified compass calibrator equipment is permitted, a t

49、rained/qualified specialist may be specified as the operator. In the event the area does not conform to the above requirement, the reason shall be determined and corrected or a new position located. 4.1.2.3 Pethod of determining magnetic heading of aircraft. The aircraft shall be placed in position on the swinging area