广东省佛山市第一中学2018_2019学年高一英语上学期第一次段考试题（含解析）.doc

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1、- 1 -广东省佛山市第一中学 2018-2019 学年高一英语上学期第一次段考试题（含解析）本试题共分五部分，满分为 150 分，考试用时 120 分钟。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 15 分）第一节听力理解（共 6 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 6 分）材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有两个小题，各段播放前每小题有 5 秒钟的阅题时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在 5 秒钟内从题中所给的 A、B、C 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。听下面一段材料，回答以下小题。 音频1. A. His wife. B. His daughter. C. His mother.2. A. The

2、weather has been bad.B. Jenny was driving too fast.C. The truck driver drank and drove.【答案】1. B 2. C【解析】此题为听力题，解析略。【1 题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【2 题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。听下面一段材料，回答以下小题。 音频3. A. To ask about the time.B. To ask about a computer.C. To ask for a wake-up call.4. A. 600 B. 0600 C. 6000【答案】3. C 4. B【解析】- 2 -

3、此题为听力题，解析略。【3 题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【4 题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。听下面一段材料，回答以下小题。 音频5. A. Caring for kids. B. Designing clothes. C. Selling toys.6. A. She has already had a good job.B. She doesnt have much experience.C. She doesnt like dealing with people.【答案】5. C 6. A【解析】此题为听力题，解析略。【5 题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【6 题详解】此题为听力题，解析略

4、。第二节回答问题（共 4 小题；每题 2 分，其中第 9 题 3 分，满分 9 分）听下面一段材料，然后回答问题。材料读两遍。 音频7. When does Alex usually have breakfast?_.8. How does Alex go to the training center?_.9. What is Alex used to doing by 1:00 pm?_.10. With whom does Alex have dinner at home?_.【答案】7. At 8:30. 8. By subway/underground. - 3 -9. Doing a

5、 little swimming. /Swimming 10. His mother.【解析】此题为听力题，解析略。【7 题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【8 题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【9 题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【10 题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项, 请将答案按题号涂到对应的答卷题号上。AYou probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard

6、of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams (1860-1935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of com

7、munity(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson (1907-1964)If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent

8、 Spring raised awareness(意识) of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds - 4 -lakes and oceans.Sandra Day OConnor (1930-present)When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm

9、because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and in 1981, the first woman to join the U. S. Supreme Court(最高法院). OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks(1913-2005)On December 1,1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rasa Park

10、s would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott(抵制). It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.11. What is Jane

11、 Addams famous for in history?A. Her social work. B. Her teaching skills.C. Her efforts to win a prize. D. Her community background.12. What was the reason for OConnors being refused by the law firm?A. Not having training in law. B. Her little work experience in court.C. Her identity as a woman. D.

12、Her poor financial conditions.13. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson.C. Sandra Day OConnor. D. Rosa Parks.14. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative.C. They a

13、re pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers.【答案】11. A 12. C 13. D 14. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几位著名的女性。【11 题详解】信息概括题。根据第二段 “a social worker” 可明显得出答案，故 A 正确。- 5 -【12 题详解】细节题。根据第四段 “She could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.” 可知，原因在于对女性的歧视，故 C 正确。【13 题详解】细节题。根据第五段 “kicked off the civil-rights

14、movement” 可知，Rosa Park 推动了民权运动，故 D 正确。【14 题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句 “Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize”；第三段第一句 “If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environment movement might not exist today”；第四段第二句 “ the first woman to join the U.S Supreme Court”；最后一段第三句 “ kicked off the

15、 civil-rights movement”，可知，四位女性都是历史上的先锋，故 C 正确。BYour house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn y

16、our home into part of your diet plan.Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less selfconscious (难为情) when theyre in poorly lit placesand so more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesnt have enough window light

17、, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.Mind the colors. Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room. Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold

18、colors make us feel less hungry. So when its time to repaint, go blue.Dont forget the clockor the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories (卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 - 6

19、-minutes. And while youre at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12inch plate inst

20、ead of a 10inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake (摄入) jumps by 14 percent. And well pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.15. The text is especially helpful for those who care about _.A. their home comforts B. their b

21、ody shapeC. house buying D. healthy diets16. A home environment in blue can help people _.A. digest food better B. reduce food intakeC. burn more calories D. regain their appetites17. What are people advised to do at mealtimes?A. Eat quickly. B. Play fast music.C. Use smaller spoons. D. Turn down th

22、e lights.18. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Is Your House Making You Fat? B. Ways of Serving DinnerC. Effects of SelfConsciousness D. Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?【答案】15. B 16. B 17. C 18. A【解析】试题分析：想要减肥，除了少吃外，还和房间有关系。建议有 4 条：1.房间要明亮；2.用冷色系会减少食欲；3.放一些舒缓的音乐就餐；4. 用小的碗碟。视频【15 题详解】B 推

23、理判断题。根据全文第一段 Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.可知，这篇文章更可能是对那些在乎自己的体型的人有帮助。故选 B。【16 题详解】B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话 in one study,可知在蓝色的房间内人吃的相对较少。- 7 -故选 B。【17 题详解】C 推理判断题。最后一段介绍，要想少吃，要用小碗小勺，前面介绍说到，吃得快，房间暗会增加饮食，放舒缓的音乐有助于减少饮食的速度和进食量。故选 C。【18 题详解】A 主旨大意题。根据开头的后文可知，本文就房间的布置给那些想减肥的人士

24、提了一些建议。所以选 A 可以更好地概括全文。考点：科普类短文阅读CAstronauts in the space stations for long missions often work very long days. Tasks are scheduled(安排) so tightly that break times are often used to finish the days work. Its especially hard for long missions on the International Space Station (ISS). ISS crew members

25、 usually live in space for at least a quarter of a year. They work five days on and two days off to mimic the normal way they do things on Earth as much as possible. Weekends give the crew valuable time to rest and do a few hours of housework. They can communicate with family and friends by email, I

26、nternet phone and through private video meetings.While astronauts cannot go to a baseball game or a movie in space, there are many familiar activities that they can still enjoy. Before a mission, the family and friends of each ISS crew member put together a collection of family photos, messages, vid

27、eos and reading materials for the astronauts to look at when they will be floating 370 kilometers above the Earth. During their mission, the crew also receives care packages with CDs, books, magazines, photos and letters. Today, the Internet can be used on the ISS, giving astronauts the chance to do

28、 some “web surfing” in their personal time. Besides relaxing with these more common entertainments, astronauts can simply enjoy the experience of living in space.Many astronauts say that one of the most relaxing things to do in space is to look out of the window and stare at the universe and the Ear

29、ths vast land - 8 -mass and oceans.19. What does the word “mimic” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Find B. Copy C. Change D. Lose20. In the last paragraph, the author shows that astronauts _.A. get more pleasure in space than on the EarthB. find living in space a bit boring and tiringC. regard space

30、life as commonD. love to see the Earth from space21. The passage mainly discusses how astronauts _.A. work for longer missions in spaceB. connect with people on the EarthC. observe the Earth from spaceD. spend their free time in space【答案】19. B 20. D 21. D【解析】本文向我们介绍了宇航员在太空中是如何打发他们的自由利用的时间的。【19 题详解】词

31、义猜测题。根据第一段第四句“They work five days on and two days off”可知，这和在地球上的工作时间一致，所以这样做的目的是尽可能地模仿地球上的正常生活，所以选B。【20 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“the most relaxing things to do in space is to look out the window and stare at the universe and the Earth.”可知，宇航员喜欢在太空看地球。选 D。【21 题详解】主旨题：本文主要向我们介绍了宇航员在休息时做的事， 所以选 D 项。DWhen 19year

32、old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the MakeAWish Foundation(基金会), nobody understood what she was talking about. But Sophia knew just how important MakeAWish could be because this special - 9 -organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends.

33、We were interested in finding out more, so we went along to meet Sophia and listen to what she had to say.Sophia told us that MakeAWish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980. “Its a charity(慈善机构) that helps children who have got very serious illnesses. MakeAWish helps

34、 children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true， ” Sophia explained.We asked Sophia how MakeAWish had first started. She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris, who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman. Sophia sa

35、id lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chriss dream come trueso, with everybodys help, Chris, only seven years old at the time, had been a “policeman” for a day. “When people saw how delighted Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too, and t

36、hat was the beginning of MakeAWish， ” explained Sophia.Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special, happy time. A MakeAWish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world. Sophia said th

37、e volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true. They do this either by providing things that are necessary, or by raising money or helping out in whatever way they can.22. Sophia found out about MakeAWish because her best friend had _.A. benefited from

38、 it B. volunteered to help itC. dreamed about it D. told the author about it23. According to Sophia, MakeAWish _.A. is an international charityB. was understood by nobody at firstC. raises money for very poor familiesD. started by drawing the interest of the public24. What is said about Chris in Par

39、agraph 3?- 10 -A. He has been a policeman since he was seven.B. He gave people the idea of starting MakeAWish.C. He wanted people to help make his dream come true.D. He was the first child MakeAWish helped after it had been set up.25. Which of the following is true about MakeAWish volunteers?A. They

40、 are important for making wishes come true.B. They try to help children get over their illnesses.C. They visit sick children to make them feel special.D. They provide what is necessary to make MakeAWish popular.【答案】22. A 23. A 24. B 25. A【解析】试题分析：本文借 Sophia 之口，让我们了解了 MakeAWish Foundation一个全球性的慈善组织，它

41、帮助身患重病的孩子实现他们的愿望。【22 题详解】A；考查细节理解。根据第一段的“But Sophia knew just how important Make A Wish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends .”可知，因为 Make A Wish 曾经帮助 Sophia 的一个朋友实现了愿望，所以 Sophia 才知道这个组织是多么的重要，才了解了这一组织的更多内容。故选 A。【23 题详解】A；考查推理判断。根

42、据第二段的第一、二句可知，Make A Wish 是一个全球性的组织，而且是一个慈善机构，故 A 项正确；大家不理解的是 Sophia 去当志愿者帮助 Make A Wish，而不是没人理解 Make A Wish，故排除 B 项； Make A Wish 是帮助身患重病的孩子实现愿望，而不是为穷苦家庭募捐，故 C 项错误；D 项不是文章的内容，故选 A。【24 题详解】B；考查推理判断。由第三段可知，Chris 当了一天的警察，故排除 A 项；人们帮助 Chris 实现了他当警察的愿望，而且这就是 Make A Wish 的开始，故 B 项正确；很多人想帮助Chris，但文章未提 Chris

43、 想让人们帮助他实现梦想，故排除 C 项；D 项不是文章的内容，故选 B。【25 题详解】- 11 -A；考查推理判断。根据最后一段的“Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true.”可知 A 项正确；志愿者不能帮助孩子们克服他们的疾病，故排除 B 项；志愿者们拜访孩子们是为了帮助他们实现愿望，而不是使他们感到特别，故 C 项错误；志愿者提供给孩子们必要的东西是为了帮助他们，而不是使 Make A Wish 受欢迎，故 D

44、项错误，故选 A。考点：考查记叙文阅读第二节选句填空（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。请将答案按题号涂到相应的答卷题号上。How to prepare for an exam isa big question that you always ask yourself. Here are some tips that may help you.Never fear or hate exam and be confident.Some students study well but still may b

45、e much afraid of exams and due to this reason they get upset and wont be able to get marks._26_You have to be confident and it is of great help for youto gainsuccess.Prepare a good timetable.Prepare a timetable before starting the study._27_Difficult subjects can be given more time and easier ones l

46、ess, but most importantly you should spare some time for rest.Select a proper atmosphere for studying.Studying atmosphere plays a very important role._28_So pick a place where you feel comfortable. That is where you feel relaxed and can pay attention to what you are doing. Make sure that while you a

47、re studying a subject you are focusing on it only. So keep the books of other subjects away from your eyesight so that you wont be upset about all the things you have to learn.Make notes while studying.This is a very important point. While studying, make small notes. The note should be short and cle

48、ar to make the review easier._29_Yet dont try to cover everything in it._30_- 12 -On the night before exam you have to sleep well, atleast 6 hours and not more than 8 hours. Remember this will have a great effect on your exam. And have your food as in your daily diet.A. Sleep well and eat well.B. So try to present answers in points.C. This should include all the subjects.D. Can anyone study well while others around a