[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷17及答案与解析.doc
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1、英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷 17 及答案与解析英译汉1 A newspaper is much more than a business; it is an institution. It reflects and influences the life of a community; it may affect even wider destinies.It is, in its way, an instrument of government. It plays on the minds and consciences of man. It may educate, stimulat
2、e, assist, or it may do the opposite. It has, therefore, a moral as well as a material existence, and its character and influence are in the main determined by the balance of these two factors. It may make profit or power its first object, or it may conceive itself as fulfilling a higher and more ex
3、acting function.Character is a subtle affaire, and has many shades and sides. It is not a thing to be much talked about, but rather to be felt. It is the slow deposit of past actions and ideas.At the perils of its soul, a newspaper must see that the news it supplies is not tainted. Neither in what i
4、t gives, nor in what it does not give, nor in the mode of presentation, must the unclouded face of truth suffer wrong. Comment is free, but facts are sacred. “ Propaganda,“ so called, by this means is hateful. The voice of opponents no less than that of friends has a right to be heard. Comment also
5、is justly subject to a self-imposed restraint. It is well to be frank; it is even better to be fair. This is an ideal. Achievement in such matters is hardly given to man. Perhaps none of us can attain to it in the desirable measure. We can but try, ask pardon for shortcomings, and there leave the ma
6、tter.One of the virtues, perhaps the chief virtue, of a newspaper is its independence. Whatever its position or character, it should have a soul of its own.That is the path of self-respectit is also the path of success. And what a work it is! How multiform, how responsive to every needand every inci
7、dent of life! What illimitable possibilities of achievement and of excellence!To the man, whatever his place on the paper, nothing should satisfy short of the best. It is here that ability counts and that character counts, and it is on these that a newspaper, if it is to be worthy of its power and d
8、uty, must rely.2 Scientists Shed New Light On The Body s RhythmsHave you ever suffered from jet-lag, the fatigue and depression that comes from long hours spent in a jet aircraft traveling across the world over many time zones? Or like many people in northern European countries, have you ever suffer
9、ed the dark depression of winter blues, the feelings of gloom that comes from facing the somber December and January winter days under dark, cloudy skies? Maybe all you need is a little lightand merely on a small patch of your skin. In fact, in experiments investigating the effect of light in raisin
10、g our spirits, American scientists have done all their research using light played on the back of the subjects knees.What could be a key to jet-lag and winter blues is the hormone melatonin, which is known to regulate body rhythms. It is secreted as night falls and it can be used to help to overcome
11、 jet-lag and some sleep disorders. The low level of melatonin we experience in winter when light is dull and daylight hours are shorter is said to be cause of that common feeling many people get in dull weatherwinter depression.For years experts have experimented with treating jet-lag and seasonal a
12、ffective disorder ( “ winter depression“ ) with light. They counsel victims to sit in front of lights simulating the sun s natural wavelengths to restore melatonin. In 1996, Diane Boivin and colleagues at Harvard Medical School found even dim reading lamps worked in this way.Exposure to light sets o
13、ff a complex response inside the bodies of animals and humans. A university team in New York said they had found that shining light on the skin could reset the body s internal clock. They chose the back of the knee because it was easy to reach and away from the eyes, which is where many scientists h
14、ad believed circadian rhythm is determined.3 There is simply no way to rest on our past achievements. Today s competition renders obsolete huge chunks of what we know and forces us to innovate. For each individual, several careers will be customary, and continuing education and retraining will be in
15、escapable. To attain this extraordinary level of education, government, business, schools and even individuals will turn to technology for the answer.In industry, processing the information and designing the changes necessary to keep up with the market has meant the growing use of computers. The sch
16、ools are now following close behind. Already some colleges in the United States are requiring a computer for each student. It is estimated that 500, 000 computers are already in use in American high schools and elementary schools. Although there is an abysmal lack of educational software, the number
17、 of computers in schools expands rapidly.The computer is the Proteus of machines, as it takes on a thousand forms and serves a thousand functions. But its truly revolutionary character can be seen in its interactive potential. With advanced computers, learning can be individualized and self-paced. T
18、eachers can become more productive and the entire learning environment enriched.It is striking how much current teaching is a product of pencil and paper technology. With the computer s capacity for simulation and diverse kinds of feedback, all sorts of new possibilities open up for the redesign of
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