[考研类试卷]考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷400及答案与解析.doc
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1、考研英语(阅读)模拟试卷 400 及答案与解析Part B (10 points) 0 In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1-5, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks.Canadas premiers (the lea
2、ders of provincial governments), if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting, might spare a moment to do something, together, to reduce health-care costs.Theyre all groaning about soaring health budgets, the fastest-growing component of which are pha
3、rmaceutical costs.【C1 】_What to do? Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee on health careto say nothing of reports from other expertsrecommended the creation of a national drug agency. Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited ba
4、rgaining power, all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution.【C2 】_But “national“ doesnt have to mean that “National“ could mean interprovincialprovinces combining efforts to create one body.Either way, one benefit of a “national“ organization would be to negotiate b
5、etter prices, if possible, with drug manufacturers. Instead of having one provinceor a series of hospitals within a province negotiate a price for a given drug on the provincial list, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces.Rather than, say, Quebec, negotiating on behalf of se
6、ven million people, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of 31 million people. Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price.【C3 】_A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency with the creation of the Canadian
7、Coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment, funded by Ottawa and the provinces. Under it, a Common Drug Review recommends to provincial lists which new drugs should be included. Predictably, and regrettably, Quebec refused to join.A few premiers are suspicious of any federal-provincial dea
8、l-making. They (particularly Quebec and Alberta) just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any, strings attached. Thats one reason why the idea of a national list hasnt gone anywhere, while drug costs keep rising fast.【C4 】_Premiers love to quote Mr. Romanows report selectively,
9、 especially the parts about more federal money. Perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs: “A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to try to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs.“【C5 】_So when the premiers gather in N
10、iagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list, they should also get cracking about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients.A Quebecs resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology. One of the first advocates for a national list was a researcher at
11、Laval University. Quebecs Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annual increases from 14.3 percent to 26.8 percent!B Or they could read Mr. Kirbys report: “the substantial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescription-drug insurance plans to negotiate the lo
12、west possible purchase prices from drug companies.“C What does “national“ mean? Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby recommended a federal-provincial body much like the recently created National Health Council.D The problem is simple and stark: health-care costs have been, are, and will continue to
13、 increase faster than government revenues.E According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending. Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatments. Part of it a
14、rises from new drugs costing more than older kinds. Part of it is higher prices.F So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province from be
15、ing played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices.G Of course, the pharmaceutical companies will scream. They like divided buyers; they can lobby better that way. They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another. They can hope that, if one province includes a dr
16、ug on its list, the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs. They wouldnt like a national agency, but self-interest would lead them to deal with it.1 【C1 】2 【C2 】3 【C3 】4 【C4 】5 【C5 】5 In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1-5, choose the most suitable one
17、 from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks.On the north bank of the Ohio river sits Evansville, Ind., home of David Williams, 52, and of a riverboat casino (a place where gambling games are played). During several ye
18、ars of gambling in that casino, Williams, a state auditor earning $35, 000 a year, lost approximately $175, 000. He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for $20 worth of gambling.He visited the casino, lost the $20 and left. On his second visit he lost $800. The casino issued to him
19、, as a good customer, a “Fun Card“, which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks, and enables the casino to track the users gambling activities. For Williams, those activities become what he calls “electronic heroin“.【C1 】_. In 1997 he lost $21, 000 to one slot machine in two days
20、. In March 1997 he lost $72, 186. He sometimes played two slot machines at a time, all night, until the boat docked at 5 a.m., then went back aboard when the casino opened at 9 a.m Now he is suing the casino, charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knew he was addicted. It did
21、know he had a problem.In March 1998 a friend of Williamss got him involuntarily confined to a treatment center for addictions, and wrote to inform the casino of Williamss gambling problem. The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers, and wrote to him a “cease admissions“ l
22、etter. Noting the “medical / psychological“ nature of problem gambling behavior, the letter said that before being readmitted to the casino he would have to present medical / psychological information demonstrating that patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being.【C2 】_Th
23、e Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has 24 signs warning: “Enjoy the fun . and always bet with your head, not over it.“ Every entrance ticket lists a toll-free number for counseling from the Indiana Department of Mental Health. Nevertheless, Williamss suit charges that the casino, knowing
24、he was “helplessly addicted to gambling,“ intentionally worked to “lure“ him to “engage in conduct against his will.“ Well.【C3 】_The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders says “pathological gambling“ involves persistent, recurring and uncontrollable pursuit less
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