[考研类试卷]考研英语(一)模拟试卷54及答案与解析.doc
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1、考研英语(一)模拟试卷 54 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 Advertising is a form of selling. For thousands of years there have been individuals who have tried to (1)_ others to buy the food
2、they have produced or the goods they have made or the services they can (2)_.But in the 19th century the mass production of goods (3)_ the Industrial Revolution made person-to-person selling inefficient. The mass distribution of goods that (4)_ the development of the highway made person-to-person se
3、lling (5)_ slow and expensive. At the same time, mass communication, first newspapers and magazines, (6)_ radio and television, made mass selling through (7)_ possible.The objective of any advertisement is to convince people that it is in their best (8)_ to take the action the advertiser is recommen
4、ding. The action (9)_ be to purchase a product, use a service, vote for a political candidate, or (10)_ to join the Army.Advertising as a (11)_ developed first and most rapidly in the United States, the country that uses it to the greatest (12)_. In 1980 advertising expenditure in the U.S. exceeded
5、55 billion dollars, or (13)_ 2 percent of the gross national product. Canada spent about 1.2 percent of its gross national product (14)_ advertising.(15)_ advertising brings the economies of mass selling to the manufacturer, it (16)_ benefits for the consumer (17)_. Some of those economies are passe
6、d along to the purchaser so that the cost of a product sold primarily through advertising is usually far (18)_ than one sold through personal salespeople. Advertising (19)_ people immediate news about products that have just come on the market. Finally, advertising (20)_ for the programs on commerci
7、al television and radio and for about two thirds of the cost of publishing magazines and newspapers.(A)request(B) oblige(C) affect(D)persuade(A)transfer(B) secure(C) enjoy(D)perform(A)resulting from(B) dealing with(C) leading to(D)going for(A)followed(B) preceded(C) achieved(D)induced(A)so(B) too(C)
8、 very(D)more(A)second(B) and(C) then(D)later(A)marketing(B) advertising(C) salespeople(D)agents(A)profits(B) benefits(C) interests(D)gains(A)should(B) would(C) may(D)will(A)though(B) otherwise(C) still(D)even(A)business(B) service(C) product(D)profession(A)amount(B) extent(C) possibility(D)utility(A
9、)similarly(B) supposedly(C) approximately(D)accountably(A)with(B) at(C) into(D)on(A)While(B) Therefore(C) But(D)If(A)induces(B) reduces(C) produces(D)introduces(A)as well(B) as usual(C) as a result(D)as a rule(A)more(B) less(C) cheaper(D)dearer(A)takes(B) brings(C) gives(D)delivers(A)works(B) calls(
10、C) looks(D)paysPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)21 Prices are sky high, with profits to match. But looking further ahead, the industry faces wrenching change, says an expert of energy.“The time when we could co
11、unt on cheap oil and even cheaper natural gas is clearly ending. That was the gloomy forecast delivered in February by Dave OReilly, the chairman of Chevron Texaco, to hundreds of oilmen gathered for a conference in Houston. The following month, Venezuelas President Hugo Chavez gleefully echoed the
12、sentiment: “The world should forget about cheap oil.“The surge in oil prices, from $10 a barrel in 1998 to above $50 in early 2005, has prompted talk of a new era of sustained higher prices. But whenever a “new era“ in oil is hailed, scepticism is in order. After all, this is essentially a cyclical
13、business in which prices habitually yo-yo. Even so, an unusually loud chorus is now joining Messrs OReilly and Chavez, pointing to intriguing evidence of a new “price floor“ of $30 or perhaps even $40. Confusingly, though, there are also signs that high oil prices may be caused by a speculative bubb
14、le that could burst quite suddenly. To see which camp is right, two questions need answering: why did the oil price soar? And what could keep it high?To make matters more complicated, there is in fact no such thing as a single “oil price“: rather, there are dozens of varieties of crude trading at di
15、fferent prices. When newspapers write about oil prices, they usually mean one of two reference crudes: Brent from the North Sea, or West Texas Intermediate (WTI). But when ministers from the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC discuss prices, they usually refer to a basket of hea
16、vier cartel crudes, which trade at a discount to WTI and Brent. All oil prices mentioned in this survey are per barrel of WTI.The recent volatility in prices is only one of several challenges facing the oil industry. Although at first sight Big Oil seems to be in rude health, posting record profits,
17、 this survey will argue that the western oil majors will have their work cut out to cope with the rise of resource nationalism, which threatens to choke off access to new oil reserves. This is essential to replace their existing reserves, which are rapidly declining. They will also have to respond t
18、o efforts by governments to deal with oils serious environmental and geopolitical side-effects. Together, these challenges could yet wipe out the oil majors.21 Dave OReilly and Hugo Chavez believe that(A)prices of oil and natural gas are very high.(B) prices of oil and natural gas will not go down.(
19、C) oil and natural gas will keep sustained high prices.(D)the world has forgotten about cheap oil.22 According to some loud chorus, the oil price in the new era will be as low as(A)about $10 a barrel.(B) nearly $30 a barrel.(C) $3040 a barrel.(D)$50 a barrel.23 According to the passage, “West Texas
20、Intermediate“ (Paragraph 4) refers to(A)an oil industry.(B) an oil company.(C) a government organization.(D)a kind of crude oil.24 What is the key to oil price in the authors opinion?(A)Energy crisis.(B) Dozens of varieties of crude trading.(C) Several challenges facing the oil industry.(D)The rise
21、of resource nationalism.25 What is the tone of the passage?(A)Humorous.(B) Indifferent.(C) Serious.(D)Anxious.26 If the opinion polls are to be believed, most Americans are coming to trust their government more than they used to. The habit has not yet spread widely among American Indians, who suspec
22、t an organization which has so often patronized them, lied to them and defrauded them. But the Indians may soon win a victory in a legal battle that epitomizes those abuses.Elouise Cobell, a banker who also happens to be a member of the Blackfeet tribe in Montana, is the leading plaintiff in a massi
23、ve class-action suit against the government. At issue is up to $10 billion in trust payments owed to some 500,000 Indians. The Suit revolves around Individual Indian Money (11M) accounts that are administered by the Interior Departments Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA). Back in the 1880s, the governme
24、nt divided more than 11m acres of tribal land into parcels of 80 to 160 acres that were assigned to individual Indians. Because these parcels were rarely occupied by their new owners, the government assumed responsibility for managing them. As the Indians trustee, it leased the land out for grazing,
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