EN ISO TS 80004-12-2017 en Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 12 Quantum phenomena in nanotechnology.pdf

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1、Nanotechnologies - VocabularyPart 12: Quantum phenomena in nanotechnology (ISO/TS 80004-12:2016)PD CEN ISO/TS 80004-12:2017BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN ISO/TS 80004-12 July

2、 2017 ICS 07.120; 01.040.07 English Version Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 12: Quantum phenomena in nanotechnology (ISO/TS 80004-12:2016)Nanotechnologies - Vocabulaire - Partie 12: Phnomnes quantiques dans les nanotechnologies (ISO/TS 80004-12:2016) Nanotechnologien - Fachwrterverzeichnis - Te

3、il 12: Quantenphnomene in der Nanotechnologie (ISO/TS 80004-12:2016) This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 19 June 2017 for provisional application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested

4、to submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard. CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It i

5、s permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,

6、 Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMI

7、TTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN ISO/TS 80004-12:2017 ENat

8、ional forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN ISO/TS 80004-12:2017. It supersedes PD ISO/TS 80004-12:2016, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee NTI/1, Nanotechnologies.A list of organizations represented on this commi

9、ttee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 97021 4ICS 01.040.

10、07; 07.120Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected31 October 2017 This

11、corrigendum renumbers PD ISO/TS 80004-12:2016 as PD CEN ISO/TS 80004-12:2017.PUBLISHED DOCUMENTPD CEN ISO/TS 8000412:2017TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN ISO/TS 80004-12 July 2017 ICS 07.120; 01.040.07 English Version Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 12

12、: Quantum phenomena in nanotechnology (ISO/TS 80004-12:2016)Nanotechnologies - Vocabulaire - Partie 12: Phnomnes quantiques dans les nanotechnologies (ISO/TS 80004-12:2016) Nanotechnologien - Fachwrterverzeichnis - Teil 12: Quantenphnomene in der Nanotechnologie (ISO/TS 80004-12:2016) This Technical

13、 Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 19 June 2017 for provisional application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be co

14、nverted into a European Standard. CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the C

15、EN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,

16、Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORM

17、UNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN ISO/TS 80004-12:2017 EPD CEN ISO/TS 8000412:2017CEN ISO/TS 80004-12:2017 (E) 3 European foreword The text of

18、 ISO/TS 80004-12:2016 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 229 “Nanotechnologies” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as CEN ISO/TS 80004-12:2017 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 352 “Nanotechnologies” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.

19、 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the follo

20、wing countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlan

21、ds, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO/TS 80004-12:2016 has been approved by CEN as CEN ISO/TS 80004-12:2017 without any modification. ISO/TS 80004-12:2016(E)Foreword ivIntroduct

22、ion v1 Scope . 12 Terms describing (or related to) general quantum concepts 13 Terms related to basic quantum effects . 34 Terms describing size-dependent quantum effects . 45 Terms related to structural organization . 56 Terms associated with quantum effects . 6Annex A (informative) Some current te

23、rms in classical and quantum physics 8Annex B (informative) Mapping between terms and some applications and products in nanotechnologies 9Annex C (informative) Index 11Bibliography .12 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PagePD CEN ISO/TS 8000412:2017ISO/TS 80004-12:2016(E)Foreword ivIntroducti

24、on v1 Scope . 12 Terms describing (or related to) general quantum concepts 13 Terms related to basic quantum effects . 34 Terms describing size-dependent quantum effects . 45 Terms related to structural organization . 56 Terms associated with quantum effects . 6Annex A (informative) Some current ter

25、ms in classical and quantum physics 8Annex B (informative) Mapping between terms and some applications and products in nanotechnologies 9Annex C (informative) Index 11Bibliography .12 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PagePD CEN ISO/TS 8000412:2017ISO/TS 80004-12:2016(E)ForewordISO (the Inter

26、national Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has

27、been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical st

28、andardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accor

29、dance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details

30、 of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endor

31、sement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationISO/TS 80004-12 was p

32、repared jointly by Technical Committee ISO/TC 229, Nanotechnologies, and Technical Committee IEC/TC 113, Nanotechnology standardization for electrical and electronic products and systems. The draft was circulated for voting to the national bodies of both ISO and IEC.ISO/TS 80004 consists of the foll

33、owing parts, under the general title Nanotechnologies Vocabulary: Part 1: Core terms Part 2: Nano-objects Part 3: Carbon nano-objects Part 4: Nanostructured materials Part 5: Nano/bio interface Part 6: Nano-object characterization Part 7: Diagnostics and therapeutics for healthcare Part 8: Nanomanuf

34、acturing processes Part 12: Quantum phenomena in nanotechnologyThe following parts are under preparation: Part 9: Nano-enabled electrotechnical products and systems Part 10: Nano-enabled photonic components and systems Part 11: Nanolayer, nanocoating, nanofilm and related terms Part 13: Graphene and

35、 other two dimensional materialsiv ISO 2016 All rights reservedPD CEN ISO/TS 8000412:2017ISO/TS 80004-12:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards i

36、s normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take par

37、t in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particul

38、ar the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this

39、document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.is

40、o.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WT

41、O principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationISO/TS 80004-12 was prepared jointly by Technical Committee ISO/TC 229, Nanotechnologies, and Technical Committee IEC/TC 113, Nanotechnology standardization for electrical and electronic

42、products and systems. The draft was circulated for voting to the national bodies of both ISO and IEC.ISO/TS 80004 consists of the following parts, under the general title Nanotechnologies Vocabulary: Part 1: Core terms Part 2: Nano-objects Part 3: Carbon nano-objects Part 4: Nanostructured materials

43、 Part 5: Nano/bio interface Part 6: Nano-object characterization Part 7: Diagnostics and therapeutics for healthcare Part 8: Nanomanufacturing processes Part 12: Quantum phenomena in nanotechnologyThe following parts are under preparation: Part 9: Nano-enabled electrotechnical products and systems P

44、art 10: Nano-enabled photonic components and systems Part 11: Nanolayer, nanocoating, nanofilm and related terms Part 13: Graphene and other two dimensional materialsiv ISO 2016 All rights reserved ISO/TS 80004-12:2016(E)IntroductionThe unique properties of nano-objects and nanoscale-dependent quant

45、um effects are important aspects of nanotechnology.As the size of materials decreases to the nanometre range, quantization effects (quantization of energy, quantization of angular momentum, etc.) appear mainly due to the confinement of particles in one, two or three space dimensions (quantum confine

46、ment). This leads to the emergence of new size-dependent properties and functionalities which are completely described by quantum mechanics.It is to be noted that the term “particle” used in this part of ISO/TS 80004 encompasses both the classical and quantum standpoints. In its classical sense, a p

47、article is a discrete portion of matter and is therefore close to the term “particle” as defined in ISO/TS 80004-2 as a “minute piece of matter with defined physical boundaries”. From the perspective of quantum, particles are objects obeying the laws of quantum mechanics. The quantum description inc

48、ludes electrons, atoms, molecules, etc., referred to as particles, and quasi-particles (excitons, phonons, plasmons, magnons, etc.) which are elementary excitations or quanta of collective excitations in strongly interacting systems of particles.Although quantum effects do not occur exclusively at t

49、he nanoscale, the relationship of nanotechnology and quantum effects, or combinations thereof, is important for the identification of nano-enabled products and for the development of nanotechnology.With regard to the origin of terms, quantum effects terms are often associated with the names of those who discovered them. As such, they are often the subject of controversy about precedence. In addition, quantum phenomena and effects might have different names in different countries.Nanotechnologies are rapidly evolving fi