EN 60825-1-2014 en Safety of laser products - Part 1 Equipment classification and requirements.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationSafety of laser productsPart 1: Equipment classification and requirementsBS EN 60825-1:2014National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 60825-1:2014. It is identical to IEC 60825-1:2014. It supersedes BS EN 60825-1:2007 which is withdrawn.The UK part

2、icipation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee EPL/76, Optical radiation safety and laser equipment.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions ofa contrac

3、t. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 77969 5ICS 13.110; 13.280; 31.260Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published unde

4、r the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 60825-1:2014EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 60825-1 August 2014 ICS 13.110; 31.260 Supersedes EN 60825-1:2007 Eng

5、lish Version Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements (IEC 60825-1:2014) Scurit des appareils laser - Partie 1: Classification des matriels et exigences (CEI 60825-1:2014) Sicherheit von Lasereinrichtungen - Teil 1: Klassifizierung von Anlagen und Anforderungen (I

6、EC 60825-1:2014) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2014-06-19. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and

7、 bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under t

8、he responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estoni

9、a, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. European Committee fo

10、r Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Mem

11、bers. Ref. No. EN 60825-1:2014 E BS EN 60825-1:2014EN 60825-1:2014 - 2 - Foreword The text of document 76/502/FDIS, future edition 3 of IEC 60825-1, prepared by IEC/TC 76 “Optical radiation safety and laser equipment“ was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 60825

12、-1:2014. The following dates are fixed: latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2015-03-19 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2

13、017-06-19 This document supersedes EN 60825-1:2007. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC and/or CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Endorsement notice The text of the

14、 International Standard IEC 60825-1:2014 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. IEC 60027-1 NOTE Harmonised in EN 60027-1. IEC 60065 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60065. IEC 60079 (Series) NOTE Harmonised as EN 60079 (Series). IEC 60204-1 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60204-1. IEC

15、60601-2-22 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60601-2-22. IEC 60825-2 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60825-2. IEC 60825-4 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60825-4. IEC 60825-12 NOTE Harmonised as EN 60825-12. IEC 60950 (Series) NOTE Harmonised as EN 60950 (Series). IEC 61010-1 NOTE Harmonised as EN 61010-1. IEC 61508 (Series) NOTE

16、Harmonised as EN 61508 (Series). IEC 62115 NOTE Harmonised as EN 62115. IEC 62368-1 NOTE Harmonised as EN 62368-1. IEC/ISO 11553 (Series) NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 11553 (Series). ISO 11146-1 NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 11146-1. ISO 12100 NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 12100. ISO 13694 NOTE Harmonised as E

17、N ISO 13694. ISO 13849 (Series) NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 13849 (Series). ISO 15004-2:2007 NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 15004-2:2007. ISO 80000-1 NOTE Harmonised as EN ISO 80000-1. BS EN 60825-1:2014- 3 - EN 60825-1:2014 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their

18、 corresponding European publications The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (inclu

19、ding any amendments) applies. NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here: www.cenelec.eu. Pub

20、lication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 60050 series International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - series IEC 62471 (mod) - Photobiological safety of lamps and lamp systems EN 62471 - BS EN 60825-1:2014 2 IEC 60825-1:2014 IEC 2014 CONTENTS 1 Scope and object . 8 2 Normative references 10 3 Terms and defini

21、tions 10 4 Classification principles . 24 4.1 General 24 4.2 Classification responsibilities . 24 4.3 Classification rules . 24 4.4 Laser products designed to function as conventional lamps . 29 5 Determination of the accessible emission level and product classification 29 5.1 Tests . 29 5.2 Measure

22、ment of laser radiation 30 5.3 Determination of the class of the laser product. 31 5.4 Measurement geometry 40 General 40 5.4.1Default (simplified) evaluation . 41 5.4.2Evaluation condition for extended sources 42 5.4.36 Engineering specifications . 44 6.1 General remarks and modifications 44 6.2 Pr

23、otective housing . 44 General 44 6.2.1Service . 45 6.2.2Removable laser system . 45 6.2.36.3 Access panels and safety interlocks . 45 6.4 Remote interlock connector 46 6.5 Manual reset 46 6.6 Key control 46 6.7 Laser radiation emission warning . 47 6.8 Beam stop or attenuator . 47 6.9 Controls . 47

24、6.10 Viewing optics 47 6.11 Scanning safeguard . 47 6.12 Safeguard for Class 1C products . 48 6.13 “Walk-in“ access 48 6.14 Environmental conditions . 48 6.15 Protection against other hazards 48 Non-optical hazards 48 6.15.1Collateral radiation . 49 6.15.26.16 Power limiting circuit 49 7 Labelling 4

25、9 7.1 General 49 7.2 Class 1 and Class 1M 51 7.3 Class 1C 52 7.4 Class 2 and Class 2M 53 7.5 Class 3R 53 7.6 Class 3B 54 BS EN 60825-1:2014IEC 60825-1:2014 IEC 2014 3 7.7 Class 4 54 7.8 Aperture label 55 7.9 Radiation output and standards information . 55 7.10 Labels for access panels 56 Labels for

26、panels 56 7.10.1Labels for safety interlocked panels 57 7.10.27.11 Warning for invisible laser radiation . 57 7.12 Warning for visible laser radiation 57 7.13 Warning for potential hazard to the skin or anterior parts of the eye . 57 8 Other informational requirements . 58 8.1 Information for the us

27、er 58 8.2 Purchasing and servicing information . 59 9 Additional requirements for specific laser products 60 9.1 Other parts of the standard series IEC 60825. 60 9.2 Medical laser products . 60 9.3 Laser processing machines 60 9.4 Electric toys . 60 9.5 Consumer electronic products 60 Annex A (infor

28、mative) Maximum permissible exposure values 61 A.1 General remarks 61 A.2 Limiting apertures 66 A.3 Repetitively pulsed or modulated lasers . 67 A.4 Measurement conditions 68 A.4.1 General 68 A.4.2 Limiting aperture . 68 A.4.3 Angle of acceptance . 68 A.5 Extended source lasers 69 Annex B (informati

29、ve) Examples of calculations . 70 B.1 Symbols used in the examples of this annex 70 B.2 Classification of a laser product Introduction . 71 B.3 Examples . 75 Annex C (informative) Description of the classes and potentially associated hazards . 80 C.1 General 80 C.2 Description of classes 80 C.2.1 Cl

30、ass 1 . 80 C.2.2 Class 1M 80 C.2.3 Class 1C . 80 C.2.4 Class 2 . 81 C.2.5 Class 2M 81 C.2.6 Class 3R . 81 C.2.7 Class 3B . 82 C.2.8 Class 4 . 82 C.2.9 Note on nomenclature . 82 C.3 Limitations of the classification scheme . 84 C.4 References 85 Annex D (informative) Biophysical considerations 86 D.1

31、 Anatomy of the eye 86 D.2 The effects of laser radiation on biological tissue . 87 BS EN 60825-1:2014 4 IEC 60825-1:2014 IEC 2014 D.2.1 General 87 D.2.2 Hazards to the eye . 89 D.2.3 Skin hazards . 92 D.3 MPEs and irradiance averaging . 93 D.4 Reference documents 93 Annex E (informative) MPEs and A

32、ELs expressed as radiance . 95 E.1 Background 95 E.2 Radiance values 95 E.3 Rationale . 96 Annex F (informative) Summary tables. 99 Annex G (informative) Overview of associated parts of IEC 60825 . 102 Bibliography 104 Figure 1 Measurement set-up to limit angle of acceptance by imaging the apparent

33、source onto the plane of the field stop 43 Figure 2 Measurement set-up to limit angle of acceptance by placing a circular aperture or a mask (serving as field stop) close to the apparent source 43 Figure 3 Warning label Hazard symbol 50 Figure 4 Explanatory label . 51 Figure 5 Alternative label for

34、Class 1 . 52 Figure 6 Alternative label for Class 1M . 52 Figure 7 Alternative label for Class 1C . 52 Figure 8 Alternative label for Class 2 . 53 Figure 9 Alternative label for Class 2M . 53 Figure 10 Alternative label for Class 3R . 54 Figure 11 Alternative label for Class 3B . 54 Figure 12 Altern

35、ative label for Class 4 . 55 Figure 13 Alternative label for laser aperture . 55 Figure B.1 Flowchart guide for the classification of laser products from supplied output parameters . 72 Figure B.2 Flowchart guide for the classification of Class 1M and Class 2M laser products 73 Figure B.3 AEL for Cl

36、ass 1 ultra-violet laser products for selected emission durations from 109s to 103s . 74 Figure B.4 AEL for Class 1 ultra-violet laser products for emission durations from 109s to 103s at selected wavelengths 74 Figure B.5 AEL for Class 1 visible and selected infra-red laser products (case C6 = 1) .

37、 75 Figure D.1 Anatomy of the eye . 86 Figure D.2 Diagram of laser-induced damage in biological systems . 88 Figure E.1 Radiance as a function of wavelength . 95 Table 1 Additivity of effects on eye and skin of radiation of different spectral regions . 25 Table 2 Times below which pulse groups are s

38、ummed . 28 Table 3 Accessible emission limits for Class 1 and Class 1M laser products and C6= 1. 34 BS EN 60825-1:2014IEC 60825-1:2014 IEC 2014 5 Table 4 Accessible emission limits for Class 1 and Class 1M laser products in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 1 400 nm (retinal hazard region): extend

39、ed sources . 35 Table 5 Accessible emission limits for Class 2 and Class 2M laser products 36 Table 6 Accessible emission limits for Class 3R laser products and C6 = 1 37 Table 7 Accessible emission limits for Class 3R laser products in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 1 400 nm (retinal hazard re

40、gion): extended sources 38 Table 8 Accessible emission limits for Class 3B laser products 39 Table 9 Correction factors and breakpoints for use in AEL and MPE evaluations . 39 Table 10 Measurement aperture diameters and measurement distances for the default (simplified) evaluation . 41 Table 11 Refe

41、rence points for Condition 3 . 42 Table 12 Limiting angle of acceptance ph. 43 Table 13 Requirements for safety interlocking 45 Table A.1 Maximum permissible exposure (MPE) for C6= 1 at the cornea expressed as irradiance or radiant exposure 62 Table A.2 Maximum permissible exposure (MPE) at the corn

42、ea for extended sources in the wavelength range from 400 nm to 1 400 nm (retinal hazard region) expressed as irradiance or radiant exposured. 63 Table A.3 Maximum permissible exposure (MPE) of Table A.1 (C6= 1) for the wavelength range from 400 nm to 1 400 nm expressed as power or energy a, b. 64 Ta

43、ble A.4 Maximum permissible exposure (MPE) of Table A.2 (extended sources) for the wavelength range from 400 nm to 1 400 nm expressed as power or energy a, b, c, d, e, f, g65 Table A.5 Maximum permissible exposure (MPE) of the skin to laser radiation . 66 Table A.6 Aperture diameters for measuring l

44、aser irradiance and radiant exposure . 67 Table D.1 Summary of pathological effects associated with excessive exposure to light . 90 Table D.2 Explanation of measurement apertures applied to the eye MPEs . 93 Table E.1 Maximum radiance of a diffused source for Class 1 96 Table F.1 Summary of the phy

45、sical quantities used in this Part 1 . 99 Table F.2 Summary of manufacturers requirements (1 of 2) 100 Table G.1 Overview of additional data in associated parts of IEC 60825 103 BS EN 60825-1:2014 8 IEC 60825-1:2014 IEC 2014 SAFETY OF LASER PRODUCTS Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements

46、1 Scope and object IEC 60825-1 is applicable to safety of laser products emitting laser radiation in the wavelength range 180 nm to 1 mm. Although lasers exist which emit at wavelengths less than 180 nm (within the vacuum ultraviolet), these are not included in the scope of the standard since the la

47、ser beam normally has to be enclosed in an evacuated enclosure, and, therefore, the potential optical radiation hazards are inherently minimal. A laser product may consist of a single laser with or without a separate power supply or may incorporate one or more lasers in a complex optical, electrical

48、, or mechanical system. Typically, laser products are used for demonstration of physical and optical phenomena, materials processing, data reading and storage, transmission and display of information, etc. Such systems have found use in industry, business, entertainment, research, education, medicin

49、e and consumer products. Laser products that are sold to other manufacturers for use as components of any system for subsequent sale are not subject to IEC 60825-1, since the final product will itself be subject to this standard. Laser products that are sold by or for manufacturers of end products for use as repair parts for the end products are also not subject to IEC 60825-1. However, if the laser system within the laser product