EN 60079-28-2015 en Explosive atmospheres - Part 28 Protection of equipment and transmission systems using optical radiation.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationExplosive atmospheresPart 28: Protection of equipment and transmission systems using optical radiationBS EN 60079-28:2015National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 60079-28:2015. It isidentical to IEC 60079-28:2015. It supersedes BS EN 60079-28:200

2、7 which iswithdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee EXL/31, Equipment for explosive atmospheres.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary

3、provisions ofa contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 81637 6ICS 29.260.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was publi

4、shed under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 60079-28:2015EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 60079-28 September 2015 ICS 29.260.20 Supersedes EN 60079-

5、28:2007 English Version Explosive atmospheres - Part 28: Protection of equipment and transmission systems using optical radiation (IEC 60079-28:2015) Atmosphres explosives - Partie 28: Protection du matriel et des systmes de transmission utilisant le rayonnement optique (IEC 60079-28:2015) Explosion

6、sgefhrdete Bereiche - Teil 28: Schutz von Gerten und bertragungssystemen, die mit optischer Strahlung arbeiten (IEC 60079-28:2015) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2015-07-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the condition

7、s for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists

8、 in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the nation

9、al electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portu

10、gal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-100

11、0 Brussels 2015 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 60079-28:2015 E BS EN 60079-28:2015EN 60079-28:2015 2 European foreword The text of document 31/1178/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 60079-28, prepared by IEC/TC 31 “Equi

12、pment for explosive atmospheres“ was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 60079-28:2015. The following dates are fixed: latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (do

13、p) 2016-04-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2018-07-01 This document supersedes EN 60079-28:2007. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC and/o

14、r CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive. For the relationship with EU Di

15、rective see informative Annex ZZ, which is an integral part of this document. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60079-28:2015 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. IEC 60079-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60079-2. IEC 60079-10-1 NOTE Harmonized

16、 as EN 60079-10-1. IEC 60079-10-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60079-10-2. IEC 60079-31 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60079-31. IEC 61508 (series) NOTE Harmonized as EN 61508 (series). IEC 60825-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60825-1. IEC 61511 (series) NOTE Harmonized as EN 61511 (series). BS EN 60079-28:2015EN 60079-28

17、:2015 3 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition c

18、ited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest vers

19、ions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here: www.cenelec.eu. Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 60050 - International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - - IEC 60079-0 - Explosive atmospheres - Part 0: Equipment - General requirements EN 60079-0 - IEC 60079-1 - Explosive

20、 atmospheres - Part 1: Equipment protection by flameproof enclosures “d“ EN 60079-1 - IEC 60079-11 - Explosive atmospheres - Part 11: Equipment protection by intrinsic safety “i“ EN 60079-11 - IEC 60079-15 - Explosive atmospheres - Part 15: Equipment protection by type of protection “n“ EN 60079-15

21、- IEC 60825-2 - Safety of laser products - Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS) EN 60825-2 - BS EN 60079-28:2015EN 60079-28:2015 4 Annex ZZ (informative) Coverage of Essential Requirements of EC Directives This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CENE

22、LEC by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association and within its scope the standard covers only the following essential requirements out of those given in Annex II of the EC Directive 2014/34/EU. ER 1.0.1 to ER 1.0.4, ER 1.05 (partly) ER 1.2.1, ER 1.2.4, ER 1.2.5 (partly), ER 1.

23、2.6, ER 1.2.8, ER 1.2.9 ER 1.3.1 ER 1.5.1 ER 2.0.1 ER 2.0.2 ER 2.1.1 ER 2.1.2 ER 2.2.1 ER 2.2.2 ER 2.3.1 ER 2.3.2 Compliance with this standard provides one means of conformity with the specified essential requirements of the Directives concerned. WARNING: Other requirements and other EC Directives

24、may be applicable to the products falling within the scope of this standard. BS EN 60079-28:2015 2 IEC 60079-28:2015 IEC 2015 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 INTRODUCTION . 8 1 Scope 9 2 Normative references 10 3 Terms and definitions 10 4 General requirements 13 5 Types of protection 13 5.1 General . 13 5.2

25、Requirements for inherently safe optical radiation “op is” 14 5.2.1 General . 14 5.2.2 Continuous wave radiation . 14 5.2.3 Pulsed radiation . 18 5.2.4 Ignition tests 19 5.2.5 Over-power/energy fault protection 19 5.3 Requirements for protected optical radiation “op pr” 20 5.3.1 General . 20 5.3.2 R

26、adiation inside optical fibre or cable 20 5.3.3 Radiation inside enclosures . 21 5.4 Optical system with interlock “op sh” . 21 6 Type verifications and tests . 22 6.1 Test set-up for ignition tests 22 6.1.1 General . 22 6.1.2 Test vessel 22 6.1.3 Criteria to determine ignition 23 6.2 Verification o

27、f suitability of test set-up for type tests . 23 6.2.1 Reference gas . 23 6.2.2 Reference absorber . 23 6.2.3 Reference test for continuous wave radiation and pulses above 1 s duration . 23 6.2.4 Reference test for pulsed radiation below 1 ms pulse duration . 23 6.3 Type tests . 24 6.3.1 Ignition te

28、sts with continuous wave radiation and pulses above 1 s duration . 24 6.3.2 Ignition tests with single pulses less than 1 ms duration 24 6.3.3 Tests for pulse trains and pulses from 1 ms to 1 s duration 24 6.3.4 Absorber targets for type tests . 24 6.3.5 Test acceptance criteria and safety factors 2

29、5 7 Marking . 25 Annex A (informative) Reference test data . 27 Annex B (informative) Ignition mechanisms 28 Annex C (normative) Ignition hazard assessment . 33 Annex D (informative) Typical optical fibre cable design 35 Annex E (normative) Flow diagram for the assessment of pulses . 36 Bibliography

30、 37 BS EN 60079-28:2015IEC 60079-28:2015 IEC 2015 3 Figure 1 Optical ignition delay times and safe boundary curve with safety factor of 2 22 Figure B.1 Minimum radiant igniting power with inert absorber target (1064 nm=83 %, 805 nm=93 %) and continuous wave-radiation of 1064 nm . 31 Figure B.2 Minim

31、um radiant igniting power with inert absorber target (1 064nm=83 %, 805nm=93 %) and continuous wave-radiation (PTB: 1064 nm, HSL: 805 nm, 8: 803 nm) for some n-alkanes . 32 Figure C.1 Ignition hazard assessment 33 Figure D.1 Example Multi-Fibre Optical Cable Design For Heavy Duty Applications . 35 F

32、igure D.2 Typical Single Optical Fibre Cable Design 35 Figure E.1 Flow diagram for the assessment of pulses according to 5.2.3 36 Table 1 EPLs achieved by application of types of protection for optical systems 13 Table 2 Safe optical power and irradiance for Group I and II equipment, categorized by

33、Equipment Group and temperature class 15 Table 3 Safe optical power and irradiance for Group III equipment . 15 Table 4 Safe limit values for intermediate area, Group I or II, constant power, T1 T4 atmospheres, equipment Groups IIA, IIB or IIC (Data derived from Figure B.1 including a safety factor)

34、 . 16 Table A.1 Reference values for ignition tests with a mixture of propane in air at 40 C mixture temperature 27 Table B.1 AIT (auto ignition temperature), MESG (maximum experimental safe gap) and measured ignition powers of the chosen combustibles for inert absorbers as the target material (1 06

35、4 nm=83 %, 805 nm=93) 30 Table B.2 Comparison of measured minimum igniting optical pulse energy (Qe,pi,min) at 90 m beam diameter with auto ignition temperatures (AIT) and minimum ignition energies (MIE) from literature 9 at concentrations in percent by volume () 32 BS EN 60079-28:2015 4 IEC 60079-2

36、8:2015 IEC 2015 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERES Part 28: Protection of equipment and transmission systems using optical radiation FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national

37、electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Spe

38、cifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. Intern

39、ational, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The form

40、al decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations fo

41、r international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4

42、) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shal

43、l be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certif

44、ication bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal inju

45、ry, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references c

46、ited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identif

47、ying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 60079-28 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 31: Equipment for explosive atmospheres. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 2006, and constitutes a technical revision. The significance of the c

48、hanges between IEC 60079-28, Edition 2.0 (2015) and IEC 60079-28, Edition 1.0 (2006), is as listed below: BS EN 60079-28:2015IEC 60079-28:2015 IEC 2015 5 Significance of changes with respect to IEC 60079-28:2006 Type Significant Changes Clause Minor and editorial changes Extension Major technical ch

49、anges Scope: Expansion to include Group III and EPLs Da, Db and Dc 1 x Scope: Clarification and list of exclusions for optical radiation sources 1 x Normative references: Deletion of IEC 60079-10, and addition of IEC 60050-426 and 60050-731 2 x Terms and definitions: Some definitions not used in the standard deleted. New definitions added. 3 x General requirements: Introduction of an ignition hazard assessment moved to 4, statement for pr