EN 1746-1998 en Safety of Machinery - Guidance for the Drafting of the Noise Clauses of Safety Standards《机器的安全性 拟定安全标准中有关噪音的章节的指南》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD Safety of machinery - Guidance for the drafting of the noise clauses of safety standards The European Standard EN 17461998 has the status of a British Standard ICs 13.110 BS EN 1746: 1999 e I NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW STD.BSI BS EN L74b-E

2、NGL 1777 II lb2qbb9 07502bb b2T Date BS EN 17461999 Text affected National foreword I This British Standard is the English language version of EN 17461998. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EW1, Acoustics, to Subcommittee EWV4, Machinery noise, which has th

3、e responsibility to: - aid enquirers to understand the text; - present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the - monitor related international and European developments and promulgate interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; them in the UK. A li

4、st of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitied “Interna

5、tional Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a Bri

6、tish Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. 1 This British Standard, having Amendments issued since publication been pre

7、pared under the direction of the Health and Environment Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 February 1999 Amd. No. O BSI 02-1999 ISBN O 680 29686 6 EUROPW STANDARD NO= EUROPENNE EuROP and c) specific quantitative information on a

8、irborne noise emitted by machinery under specified operating and mounting conitions shall be given in accordance with the relevant noise test code, or, if no test code errists, under specified individual conditions; d) the noise clauses of type GStandards shall deal with noise emission aspects inclu

9、ding residual risk, but infomation on how the noise emission at the work station can be further reduced, including advice on personal protection equipment, may be helpful. 1 Scope This European Standard gives guidance on how to ded with noise in type GStandards where noise is identified as a signifi

10、cant hazard (see EN 292-1:1991,4.6). As such, this European Standard supplements the rules given in EN 4141992. The exact way that noise is dealt with for a pasticular type of machinery will depend on the structure of the type C-Standards and is the responsibility of the type GStandard Technical Com

11、mittees. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the txt and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to

12、or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery - Basic concqts, general principles for design - Part

13、1: Basic terminobgy, tlu3doiogy. EN 292-2199UA1:1995, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 2: Tech.1.LzcaE principles and specifications. EN 4141992, Safety of machinery - Rules for the dmfting and presentation of safety standards. prEN IS0 3740, Acoustics - Det

14、ermination of sound power levels of noise sources - Guidelines for the use of basic starulards (ISOLDIS 37401998). prEN IS0 3741, Acoustics - Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure - Precision methods for ram%eration chambers (ISODIS 3741.2: 1998). EN IS0 3743-1, D

15、etermination of sound power levels of wise sources - Engineering methods for smd, movable sources in reverberant f - safety requirements and/or measures, see 3.3; - verification of the effect of the safety measures, see 3.4 - information for use, see 3.5. 3.2 Clause on “noise as a hazard” If noise i

16、s accepted as a significant hazard (see EN 292-1:1991,4.6) this shail be stated in the list of hazards and, if appropriate, the hazardous situation. 3.3 Clause on “noise reduction as a safety requirement” 3.3.1 Noise reduction at source bu design In this clause of the type Gstandard, a description s

17、hall be given of the internal sound sources of the specific family or group of machinery covered. If applicable, a list of examples of possible technical measures for noise reduction at source may be given. Such a list of measures should be given in an informative annex. Care must be taken that the

18、technical information given in the list does not discourage innovation with respect to machinery safev. When a list is given, the type C-Standards should state that ”this list is not exhaustive, alternative technical measures for noise reduction with identical or greater efficacy can be used by a ma

19、nufacturer”. EN ISO/”R 11688 gives general technical information on widely recognized technical rules and means to design low-noise machinery. The above mentioned list of technical measures for noise reduction at source should be derived from the recommendations given in EN ISORR 11688 and the curre

20、nt practice of manutcturers. The criterion for assessing the efficiency of these measures is the actual noise emission values from the machine in relation to other machines of the same family (see 3.4) and not the nature of the reduction measures themselves (see EN 4141992,6.8.2 and 6.8.6). 3.3.2 No

21、ise reduction bg protective devices If it is not possible to achieve the noise reduction at the source by design methods then this clause shall indicate that, whenever practical, it will be neceswy to equip the machine wih devices such as noise enclosures, screens fitted to the machinem silencers et

22、c. (see EN IS0 11546, EN IS0 11691, EN IS0 11820, EN IS0 11821). At the stage of draft O BSI 02-1999 STD-BSI BS EN L74b-ENGL 3999 II Lb24bb9 O750273 T77 m 3.3.3 Noise control br/ iNorrnation For some machinery, consideration of noise control at the design stage may show that noise emission levels af

23、ter taking all possible technical measures for noise control at source will be so high that further protection of the operator will be necessary In this case the instruction handbook shall contain such additional information as given in 3.5. 3.4 Clause on “verification of compliance with the safety

24、requirements and measures” 3.4.1 Verification based on noise emission values Noise declaration requires the measurement of noise emission quantities. A noise test code (see EN IS0 12001) is essential for noise declaration since it specifies how noise emission is to be determined and declared for a s

25、pecified family of machinery. The preparation of noise test codes is the responsibility of the Technical Committees preparing type CSmdards. Depending on the structure of the type GStandards, a noise test code may be a separate type GSta.ndard or a discrete part or an annex of a type GShndard. The r

26、ules for the preparation of noise test codes by type GStandard Technical Committees are given in EN IS0 12001. This clause shall state that measurement of noise emission values shall be made in accordance with the relevant noise test code, including declmation of dual-number noise emission dues and

27、verification in accordance with EN IS0 4871. The term “noise emission value” is a general one that can represent an emission sound pressure level (at a workstation or some other specified position) andor the sound power level. If the noise test code for the family or group of machinery concerned is

28、not yet available, it shall be stated in this clause that, in the absence of a noise test code, the noise declaration shall indicate precisely - the mounting and operating conditions of the machinery during noise emission measurement; - the work station position(s) where noise emission sound pressur

29、e levels have been determined; - the noise emission measurement methods used, (Le. chosen from the EN IS0 3740 series (guidance for the selection given in EN IS0 3740), the EN IS0 9614 series, and the EN IS0 11200 series (guidance for the selection given in EN IS0 11200); - the criteria on which the

30、 noise declaration is made (i.e. EN IS0 4871). 3.4.2 Verification of noise reduction This clause shall provide means by which the designer or any other user of the type GStandard can verify that the technical noise reduction measures have been successfully implemented. An assessment of the noise red

31、uction achieved can be performed by comparing the actual noise emission values to the range of noise emission values from other machines of the family concerned, measured as indicated in 3.4.1. Where available, these emission values from the family of machines should be published for comparison with

32、 the actual noise emission due for the machine. Page 5 EN 17461998 This can be done by describing the population of noise emission values declared for the specific family of machinew, and by analysing the population according to EN IS0 11689. Such an analysis might be undertaken by the type GStandar

33、d Technical Committee, manufacturers or suppliers, purchasers, enforcement authorities, etc. The description of the population of noise emission values and the analysis may be published by the above mentioned bodies using criteria that they consider best suited to the family or group of machinery th

34、ey are dealing with. The population of noise emission dues should be reviewed regularly to consider if it needs to be adjusted to take account of technid progress. Further guidance on the evaluation of noise emission data is given in annex A NOTE At the moment there are few data available to obtain

35、values describing the noise control performance. It is hoped that as test codes become more widely available and data collection more systematic, values can be quoted with confidence. 3.5 Clause on “instruction handbook” This clause of a type GStandard shall state that the instruction handbook and t

36、he technical documentation describing the machinew, includmg sales literature, shall - give the declared noise emission values of the machinery in accordance with EN 292-21991/A1:1995, annex A 1.7.4 and EN IS0 4871, preferably by dual-number noise emission values; - give the reference to the noise t

37、est codes upon which the determination of these values is based (see 3.4.1); - if feasible, give information on spectral components or time waveform (tonaliw, impulsiveness). Additionally, if further protection of the operator is necessary, as mentioned in 3.3.3, the instruction handbook shall: - gi

38、ve information on possible special noise enclosures, screens fitted to the machinery, silencers etc.; - recommend additional noise reduction measures (see EN IS0 1169C-1 and 2), for example the use of noise cabins (see EN IS0 11957) as weil as necessary requirements relating to inctallation and asse

39、mbly for reducing noise (e.g. use of dampers, type and mass of foundation block, etc.); - recommend the use of low-noise operating modes, or limited time of operation; - recommend the wearing of personal hearing protectors (see EN 352). O BSI 02-1999 Page 6 EN 1746:1998 Annex A (idormative) Further

40、guidance on the evaluation of noise emission data The analysis mentioned in 3.4.2 makes it possible to detennine the noise control performance as described in EN IS0 11689. The noise control performance can be expressed by single numbers or regression lines, representing noise emission values as a f

41、unction of some other quantity (in most cases the power of the machine). These are not limit values which all machinery in a given family or group must comply with, but are intended to be used as reference values in comparison to which the noise emission of a machine can be assessed. The noise contr

42、ol performance shall not prevent the achievement of lower emission sound pressure levels and sound power levels. It is a recommendation only and irrelevant as regards the authorization to put a machine on the market. The noise control performance as described above may, if appropriate, be set by the

43、 competent type c-standasd Whnical Committee or another relevant body, see 3.4.2. It shall be realistic and based on what is possible, account being taken of the progress achieved with respect to noise control measures and their implementation. A noise control performance should be set with noise em

44、ission values low enough that encouragement is given to reduce noise further in most machinery of a given family on the market. The noise control performance should be reviewed reguiarly to consider if it needs to be dusted to take account of the technical progress. NOTE 1 A noise control performanc

45、e as described above may be taken as one possible way to represent the achievable noise emission values as dened by CR 1100, and already used by some type GStandard Technical Committees. NOTE 2 The absence of noise test codes and noise contxol performance values should not inhibit noise reduction me

46、asures as dened in 3.3. Annex B (idormative) Bibliography CR 1100, Memorandum on health and safety standardisation in support of “New approach Directives - Application in the field of mhi- EN 352-1, Hearing protectors - Safety requirements and testing - Part 1: Ear muffs, EN 3522,Hearing protectors

47、- Safety requirements and testing - Part 2: Earplugs. EN 352-3, Hearing protectors - Safety requirements and testing - Part 3: Ear mugs attached to an industrial safety helmt. prEN 3524, Hearing protectors - Safety requirements and testing - Part 4: Level-dependent ear-muffs. EN 1050, Hazard assasrn

48、t principles. EN IS0 11546-1, Acoustics - Determinution of sound insulation p.a$omance of enclmres. Part 1: Measurements under laboratory conditions Gfor declamtion purposes) (IS0 115461:1995). EN IS0 11546-2, Acmcics - Determination of sound insulation peg7ormance of enclosures. Part 2: Measurement

49、s in situ Gfor acceptance and ver$fcation purposes) (IS0 115462:1995). EN IS0 11690-1, Acoustics - Recmnmended practice for the &sign of ow-noise workpima containing machinmg - Part 1: Noise control strategies (IS0 11690-1:1996). EN IS0 11690-2, Acoustics - Recomed practice for the design of low-noise work-places containing nutchi- - Part 2: Noise control meusures (IS0 11690-21996). EN IS0 11691, Acoustics - Measurement of insertion loss of ducted siJencws without jbw. Labmtory suuey method (IS0 11691: 1995). EN IS0 11820, Acoustics - Testing of si?encrn in situ (IS0 118201996). EN I