EN 1388-2-1995 en Materials and articles in contact with foodstuffs Silicate surfaces Part 2 Determination of the release of lead and cadmium from silicate surfaces other than cera.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1388-2:1996 Materials and articles in contact with foodstuffs Silicate surfaces Part 2: Determination of the release of lead and cadmium from silicate surfaces other than ceramic ware The European Standard EN 1388-2:1995 has the status of a British Standard ICS 67.040; 81.040.

2、30 BS EN 1388-2:1996 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Consumer Products and Services Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 July 1996 BSI 1 July 2004 The following BSI references relate to the work on t

3、his standard: Committee reference CW/47 Draft for comment 94/304312 DC ISBN 0 580 25501 8 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee CW/47, Materials in contact with food, upon which the following bodies were represe

4、nted: Aluminium Federation Association of Metropolitan Authorities Association of Public Analysts British Adhesives and Sealants Association British Ceramic Gift and Tableware Manufacturers Association British Coatings Federation Ltd. British Glass Manufacturers Confederation British Importers Confe

5、deration British Plastics Federation British Rubber Manufacturers Association Ltd. British Retail Consortium British Stainless Steel Association Catering Utensils Association Cooperative Union Cutlery and Allied Trades Research Association Department of Trade and Industry (Consumer Safety Unit, CA D

6、ivision) Department of Trade and Industry (Laboratory of the Government Chemist) Hotel and Catering International Management Association Institute of Trading Standards Administration ITRI Ltd. Leatherhead Food Research Association METCOM Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Packaging and Indu

7、strial Films Association Paper Federation of Great Britain Pira International Royal Society of Chemistry Vitreous Enamel Development Council The following body was also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: British Ceramic Research Ltd. Amendments issued sinc

8、e publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS EN 1388-2:1996 BSI 1 July 2004 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Text of EN 1388-2 3 List of references 14BS EN 1388-2:1996 ii BSI 1 July 2004 National foreword This Part of BS EN 1388 has been prepared by

9、 Technical Committee CW/47 and is the English language version of EN 1388-2:1995, Materials and articles in contact with foodstuffs Silicate surfaces Part 2: Determination of the release of lead and cadmium from silicate surfaces other than ceramic ware, published by the European Committee for Stand

10、ardization (CEN). BS 6748:1986, which specifies limits for the release of lead and cadmium from glassware, glass ceramic ware and vitreous enamel ware, remains current because it is referred to in UK regulations. EN 1388-2 was produced as a result of international discussions in which the United Kin

11、gdom took an active part. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cross-references Publication referred to

12、 Corresponding British Standard ISO 835-1:1981 ISO 835-2:1981 BS 700 Graduated pipettes Part 1:1982 Specification for general requirements Part 2:1982 Specification for pipettes for which no waiting time is specified ISO 1042:1983 BS 1792:1982 Specification for one-mark volumetric flasks ISO 2723:19

13、73 ISO 2724:1973 BS 1344 Methods of testing vitreous enamel finishes Part 12:1975 Production of specimens for testing coatings on sheet steel Part 13:1975 Production of specimens for testing coatings on cast iron ISO 3585:1991 BS 2598 Glass plant, pipeline and fittings Part 1:1991 Specification for

14、properties of borosilicate glass 3.3 ISO 3696:1987 BS EN ISO 3696:1995 Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods ISO 4788:1980 BS 604:1982 Specification for graduated glass measuring cylinders Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pag

15、es i and ii, the EN title page, pages 2 to 14, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1388-2 October 1995 ICS 67.040; 81.040.30 Descriptors: Food indus

16、try, human nutrition, food, food-container contact, silicates, lead, cadmium, emission, ceramics, tests, chemical analysis, samples English version Materials and articles in contact with foodstuffs Silicate surfaces Part 2: Determination of the release of lead and cadmium from silicate surfaces othe

17、r than ceramic ware Matriaux et articles en contact avec les denres alimentaires Surfaces silicates Partie 2: Dtermination de lmission de plomb et de cadmium par les surfaces silicates autre que les articles en cramique Werkstoffe und Gegenstnde in Kontakt mit Lebensmitteln Silicatische Oberflchen T

18、eil 2: Bestimmung der Abgabe von Blei und Cadmium aus silicatischen Oberflchen ausgenommen keramischen Gegenstnden This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1995-10-04. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this Europe

19、an Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English,

20、French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finlan

21、d, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brus

22、sels 1995 All rights of reproduction and communication in any form and by any means reserved in all countries to CEN and its members. Ref. No. EN 1388-2:1995 EEN 1388-2:1996 BSI 1 July 2004 2 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by a Working Group (3) of CEN/TC 194, Utensils in contact

23、with food, of which the Secretariat is held by BSI, as one of two standards for release of lead and cadmium. A further Part of this European Standard will be prepared with the following title: The text of the draft was submitted to the unique acceptance procedure and was approved by CEN as a Europea

24、n Standard. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 1996, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 1996. This European Standard has been prepared

25、under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of the EC Directive(s). In accordance with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgiu

26、m, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword 2 Introduction 3 1S c o p e 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Definitions 4 4P r i n c i p l e 6 5R e a g e n t s 6 6 App

27、aratus 7 7S a m p l e s 8 8 Preparation of samples 8 9 Procedure 9 10 Expression of results 11 11 Test report 12 Annex A (informative) Bibliography 13 EN 1388-1, Materials and articles in contact with foodstuffs Silicate surfaces Part 1: Determination of the release of lead and cadmium from ceramic

28、ware.EN 1388-2:1996 BSI 1 July 2004 3 Introduction The problem of lead and cadmium release from ceramic ware requires effective means of control to ensure the protection of the population against possible hazards arising from the use of improperly formulated, applied and fired glazes and decorations

29、 on the food contact surfaces of ceramic ware used for the preparation, serving and storage of foodstuffs. NOTE Articles which are highly coloured or decorated on their food contact surfaces or which have a high surface area/volume ratio are more likely than other articles to release lead and/or cad

30、mium. The Council of the European Communities has adopted a specific Directive for the measurement of possible migration of lead and cadmium from ceramic articles which, in their finished state, are intended to come into contact with foodstuffs, or which are in contact with foodstuffs, and are inten

31、ded for that purpose. In Directive 84/500/EEC, Annex I describes “Basic rules for determining the migration of lead and cadmium”. In Annex II, atomic absorption spectroscopy is prescribed as the method of analysis. Technical Committee 194 of the European Committee for Standardization has undertaken

32、the task of setting up European Standards for methods of test for silicate surfaces on the basis of the Directive and to harmonize at the same time existing national standards. International Standard ISO7086-1 was considered in this work. Part 1 of this European Standard specifies the method of test

33、 for the determination of lead and cadmium released from ceramic surfaces. Because existing national standards have also established that this method of test is applicable to glass, glass ceramic and vitreous enamel silicate surfaces, this Part of the European Standard has been prepared also to spec

34、ify tests applicable to such silicate surfaces. An existing national standard includes a test for surfaces with which the mouth is intended to come into contact, and this European Standard also includes a method of test appropriate to such silicate surfaces. For homogeneous, i.e. undecorated or ungl

35、azed, glassware, such as that made from soda-lime-silicate glass or borosilicate glass, and glass ceramic ware intended to come into contact with foodstuffs, no raw materials containing lead and cadmium are used in the manufacture. An exception is crystal glass as defined in the EC Directive for Cry

36、stal Glass (69/493 EEC). From soda-lime-silicate glass and borosilicate glass any release of lead and cadmium can only result from impurities and normally will be below the current detection limits of flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) for lead and cadmium. For uncoloured, undecorated or un

37、glazed glass articles made from mass-produced soda-lime-silicate glass or borosilicate glass, it is not essential to test according to this European Standard. 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a reference method for determining the release of lead and cadmium from articles with silicate surfa

38、ces of glass, glass ceramic and vitreous enamel which are intended to come into contact with foodstuffs. This European Standard also applies to vitreous enamelled containers and to parts of equipment intended for industrial use with foodstuffs. This European Standard specifies also a method of test

39、for determining the release of lead and/or cadmium from a drinking rim; the drinking rim of ceramic articles can also be tested according to this method. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative refe

40、rences are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the

41、 latest edition of the publication referred to applies. ISO 385-1, Laboratory glassware Burettes Part 1: General requirements. ISO 385-2, Laboratory glassware Burettes Part 2: Burettes for which no waiting time is specified. ISO 648, Laboratory glassware One-mark pipettes. ISO 835-1, Laboratory glas

42、sware Graduated pipettes Part 1: General requirements. ISO 835-2, Laboratory glassware Graduated pipettes Part 2: Pipettes for which no waiting time is specified.EN 1388-2:1996 4 BSI 1 July 2004 ISO 835-3, Laboratory glassware Graduated pipettes Part 3: Pipettes for which a waiting time of 15 s is s

43、pecified. ISO 1042, Laboratory glassware One-mark volumetric flasks. ISO 2723, Vitreous and porcelain enamels for sheet steel Production of specimens for testing. ISO 2724, Vitreous and porcelain enamels for cast iron Production of specimens for testing. ISO 3585, Borosilicate glass 3.3 Properties.

44、ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specifications and test methods. ISO 4788, Laboratory glassware Graduated measuring cylinders. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 foodware articles which are intended to be used for the preparation, cook

45、ing, serving and storage of food or drinks, including tanks and vessels 3.2 flatware articles which cannot be filled and articles which can be filled, the internal depth of which, measured from the lowest point to the horizontal plane passing through the upper rim, does not exceed 25 mm. Flatware al

46、so includes the test specimens for testing vitreous enamelled equipment, containers and water heaters 3.3 holloware articles which can be filled, the internal depth of which, measured from the horizontal plane passing through the lowest point of the upper rim, exceeds 25 mm, excepting holloware item

47、s having a filling volume exceeding 3 l, which are classed as storage vessels 3.4 cooking ware foodware, specifically intended to be heated in the course of preparation of food and drinks by means such as steaming, boiling, braising, stewing, roasting, baking or by microwaves 3.5 drinking rim 20 mm

48、wide section of the external surface of a drinking vessel, measured downwards from the upper edge along the wall of the vessel 3.6 ceramic ware ceramic articles which are intended to come into contact with foodstuffs; for example, foodware made of china, porcelain and earthenware, whether glazed or

49、not 3.7 glass inorganic material produced by the complete fusion of raw materials at high temperature into a homogeneous liquid which is then cooled to a rigid condition, essentially without crystallization 3.8 glass ceramic inorganic material produced by the complete fusion of raw materials at high temperature into a homogeneous liquid which is then cooled to a rigid condition with a certain degree of crystallization