CSA Z795-2003 Coding of Work Injury or Disease Information (Second Edition).pdf

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1、Z795-03(reaffirmed 2013)Coding of Work Injury or Disease InformationStandards Update ServiceZ795-03June 2003Title: Coding of Work Injury or Disease InformationPagination: 298 pages (vi preliminary and 292 text), each dated June 2003To register for e-mail notification about any updates to this public

2、ationgo to shop.csa.caclick on CSA Update ServiceThe List ID that you will need to register for updates to this publication is 2013666.If you require assistance, please e-mail techsupportcsagroup.org or call 416-747-2233.Visit CSA Groups policy on privacy at csagroup.org/legal to find out how we pro

3、tect your personal information.CSA StandardZ795-03Coding of Work Injury orDisease InformationPublished in June 2003 by Canadian Standards AssociationA not-for-profit private sector organization5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N61-800-463-6727 416-747-4044Visit our Onli

4、ne Store at www.csa.caISBN 1-55397-044-6Technical Editor: Brian Weir Canadian Standards Association 2003All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoeverwithout the prior permission of the publisher. Canadian Standards Association Coding of Work Injury or Dise

5、ase InformationJune 2003 iiiContentsTechnical Committee on Work Injuries ivPreface viii1. Introduction 11.1 Purpose 11.2 Scope 11.3 Limitations 11.4 Users of the Standard 12. Definitions 22.1 Terms 22.2 Acronyms 33. Reference Publications 34. General Guidelines 34.1 Purpose and Uses of Statistical I

6、nformation 34.2 Information Forms for Reporting Injuries and Diseases 44.3 Statistical Limitations 45. CodingGeneral Principles 45.1 General 45.2 Training of Coders 45.3 Quality Control of Coding 76. Variables and Coding Structure 56.1 General 56.2 Coding Structure for the Injury Variables 56.3 The

7、Variables 66.3.1 Nature of Injury or Disease 66.3.2 Part of Body 66.3.3 Source of Injury of Disease 76.3.4 Event or Exposure 76.3.5 Secondary Source of Injury or Disease 76.3.6 Age and Gender 86.3.7 Occupation 86.3.8 Industry 86.4 General Coding Rules for Using the Coding Structure for Injury Variab

8、les 87. The Injury Variable Codes and Guidelines for Selection 87.1 General 87.2 Nature of Injury or Disease 87.2.1 Guidelines for Selection 87.2.2 The Codes 117.3 Part of Body 557.3.1 Guidelines for Selection 557.3.2 The Codes 557.4 Source of Injury or Disease 697.4.1 Guidelines for Selection 697.4

9、.2 The Codes 70Z795-03 Canadian Standards Associationiv June 20037.5 Event or Exposure 1637.5.1 Guidelines for Selection 1637.5.2 The Codes 1637.6 Secondary Source of Injury or Disease 1857.6.1 General 1857.6.2 Guidelines for Selection 1857.6.3 Selection Rules 1867.7 Age and Gender 1967.7.1 Codes fo

10、r Age 1967.7.2 Codes for Gender 1967.8 Occupation 1967.9 Industry 1968. Using Injury or Disease Statistical Information 197AppendicesAUseful Statistical Information 198BAdditional Variables 201CCoding Examples 202DSpecial Considerations with Respect to WCB Data 212IndexesQuick Code Reference Nature

11、215Quick Code Reference Part 235Quick Code Reference Source 241Quick Code Reference Event 287 Canadian Standards Association Coding of Work Injury or Disease InformationJune 2003 vTechnical Committee on Work InjuriesB. Whitfield Department of Justice, ChairFredericton, New BrunswickR. Allingham Work

12、place Safety (b) provide an explanation of circumstances surrounding the actual field condition; and(c) be phrased where possible to permit a specific “yes” or “no” answer.Committee interpretations are processed in accordance with the CSA Directives and guidelines governingstandardization and are pu

13、blished in CSAs periodical Info Update. For subscription details, write to CSA SalesPromotion, Info Update, at the address given above. Canadian Standards Association Coding of Work Injury or Disease InformationJune 2003 1Z795-03Coding of Work Injury or Disease Information1. Introduction1.1 PurposeT

14、he purpose of this Standard is to provide a framework for consistent recording and classification ofinformation on work-related injuries and diseases in Canada. Such information may be used to makecomparisons, identify trends, and help determine issues for further study.1.2 ScopeThis Standard(a) est

15、ablishes a coding structure for the recording of information about injuries and diseases that arerelated to employment; (b) establishes guidelines for ensuring appropriate quality during data collection and coding; and(c) provides guidance on using statistical information, making comparisons, and id

16、entifying trends.1.3 LimitationsThe Standard deals with information relating to the injury or disease event. It does not cover informationabout the direct and indirect or contributing causes of the accident or exposure that resulted in injury ordisease. Thus, information compiled according to this S

17、tandard should not be used to decide fault or toassess accident causes.Note: Reference in this Standard to work-related injury and disease includes work-related illness.1.4 Users of the StandardThis Standard may be used by persons or organizations who use work-related injury or diseaseinformation to

18、 identify trends, estimate the size of a problem, or identify specific targets for preventionstrategies. Such information may be used for workplace prevention programs, occupational diseasesurveillance programs, administration of occupational compensation claims, regulatory policydevelopment and res

19、earch, and for establishing a national data base. Due to the hierarchical nature ofthe coding structure, different users can use particular parts of the classification. Users of this Standardmay include, but are not limited to,(a) Worker Compensation Boards and Commissions (WCBs);(b) employers;(c) t

20、rade/labour unions;(d) industry associations;(e) researchers/epidemiologists;(f) regulators;(g) Statistics Canada and other government agencies; and(h) health care providers.Notes:(1) Certain users may not require all levels of detail in this Standards coding structure.(2) Special considerations app

21、ly to Workers Compensation Boards and Commissions. These are highlighted inAppendix D.Z795-03 Canadian Standards Association2 June 20032. DefinitionsNote: The definition of certain terms by the various WCBs may differ from those provided in this Standard. Forexample, the meaning of “Occupational Dis

22、ease”, when used by WCBs, may be different between jurisdictions orfrom the more general meaning provided below. Definitions and terms that apply specifically to WCBs are provided inAppendix D.2.1 TermsThe following terms apply in this Standard:Classificationa number of codes within a variable.Codea

23、 list of numbers within a classification.Code descriptorsthe type of information to be assigned to each number within a code.Coding structureall the codes for all variables included within this Standard.Crosswalka statistical procedure for relating elements of one coding structure to other codingstr

24、uctures.Data sourcesthe location at which information about occupational injuries and diseases is generatedor derived (eg, workplaces, hospitals).Fatalitythe death of a worker that results from an occupational injury or disease.Hierarchicala system of levels, going from broad to detailed description

25、s, for classifying variables.Industrial diseasesee Occupational disease.Levelone of the layers of detail within a code for a variable; may be referred to as the “one digit” or “twodigit” level within a hierarchical code such as the Standard Industrial Classification.Not elsewhere classified (NEC)a c

26、ategory provided within codes for information that cannot beclassified elsewhere because the information does not fit any of the descriptors provided. However,when the words “not classified elsewhere” appear with a code title, this means that the code categoryincludes codes for items that do not hav

27、e assigned codes elsewhere in the coding structure for thatvariable.Occupational diseasea disease associated with exposure to a chemical, physical, biological,ergonomic, or psychosocial hazard in a workplace.Occupational illnesssee Occupational disease.Occupational injuryany injury or condition that

28、 occurs due to a workplace event, exposure, or seriesof exposures.Source reportsdocuments that provide occupational injury or disease information that is to be coded(eg, an Accident Report Form).Unspecifieda category provided within codes for information that cannot be classified elsewherebecause th

29、e information has not been provided or is not available.Variablea category of information for which codes at various levels are provided within the codingstructure (eg, Part of Body). Canadian Standards Association Coding of Work Injury or Disease InformationJune 2003 3Workplace hazardous materials

30、information systemlegislative requirements for the identification ofhazardous materials existing in all jurisdictions.2.2 AcronymsThe following acronyms are used in this Standard:BLSUnited States Bureau of Labor StatisticsNECNot elsewhere classifiedUNSUnspecified3. Reference PublicationsThis Standar

31、d refers to the following publications and where such reference is made it shall be to theedition below.Statistics CanadaNational Occupational Classification for Statistics, 2001 (NOC-SZ001);North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada 1997.US Department of Labor, BLSOccupational Inj

32、ury and Illness Classification Manual, 1992.Appendix B, Volume 1 of the ICD-9-CM Glossary of mental disorders.4. General Guidelines4.1 Purpose and Uses of Statistical Information4.1.1The intent of this Standard is to provide a consistent method of coding and compiling data on work-related injuries a

33、nd diseases. Information classified and coded according to the variables and codingstructure set out in the Standard may be used for a variety of purposes.The particular purposes depend on the intent of the user and the information sources from whichinjury/illness data were obtained. Information whi

34、ch has been coded according to the structure of thisStandard may be used by groups such as employers, unions, and industry associations. These groupsinclude(a) Workplace Users (eg, employers, unions, industry associations)Workplace users may usestatistical information for identifying patterns and tr

35、ends of injury or disease; identifying problem areasand the need for prevention strategies; establishing a benchmark to assess the impact of health andsafety programs; identifying the need for protective equipment; and for assessing costs.(b) WCBsWCBs may use statistical information for identificati

36、on by industry sector; comparisonsbetween industry groups or other jurisdictions; measuring the impact and adequacy of occupationalhealth and safety programs; and for accident prevention purposes, which may be in cooperation withother government agencies.(c) Government AgenciesAgencies such as Stati

37、stics Canada and regulatory agencies may usestatistical information for development of inter-jurisdictional comparisons; assessing trends and patternsin occupational injuries and diseases across Canada; identifying problem areas for regulatoryintervention; and for use in cost-effectiveness studies,

38、standard setting, policy development, programevaluation, and research.(d) Special StudiesGroups such as researchers and epidemiologists may use this informationdepending on the focus of a particular study. For example, epidemiological studies and occupationaldisease surveillance studies and programs

39、 use information from a variety of sources to identify the work-relatedness of illness and disease, and to estimate the levels of work-related injuries and diseases.Z795-03 Canadian Standards Association4 June 20034.1.2The collection and classification of information according to this Standard shoul

40、d not be used todetermine(a) fault; or(b) the causes of an accident (unless combined with appropriate causation-related information).4.2 Information Forms for Reporting Injuries and DiseasesInjury/disease report forms should be designed and used, with appropriate guidelines, to ensure that theinform

41、ation obtained is as complete, consistent, and objective as possible. To do this, several factorsshould be considered. Wording used should be objective and unbiased and, wherever possible andpractical, checkboxes should be used to facilitate completion of the form and subsequent coding. Inaddition,

42、measures should be developed to ensure adequate quality and consistency of the codedinformation. Such measures should include checks for the rate of NECs and UNSs used in coding, andguidelines for when to query missing information on source reports (see Clause 5.3).4.3 Statistical LimitationsUsers o

43、f this Standard and of coded information should be aware of certain limitations that may apply tocollected and coded data. The quality of statistical information resulting from the use of this Standarddepends largely on the quality of injury or disease reports on which the coding was done (eg, there

44、 maybe a certain rate of under-reporting or the reports may lack sufficient detail, so that errors may occur ininterpretation and coding). Coding according to this Standard may produce general counts of injury or disease or more detailedcounts such as nature of injury. Users of this Standard should

45、apply caution when making comparisonsbetween counts from different sources of work-related injury or disease information because there maybe differences in the base information collected (eg, differences in completeness of reporting).Users of this Standard also should be aware that special data conv

46、ersion techniques may need to beapplied when comparing historical work-related injury or disease information with information codedaccording to this Standard.5. CodingGeneral Principles5.1 GeneralEach variable should be coded independently except where definitions link two or more variables. Codesfo

47、r each variable are arranged in hierarchical order. This enables users to code to the level of detailavailable and allows for levels to be aggregated when using information from different sources. Extradigits can be added to a code where users require further levels of detail.5.2 Training of CodersT

48、raining should be provided to coders to ensure consistency in applying codes at all levels. Users shoulddevelop guidelines for(a) resolving conflicting information on injury reports;(b) coding from incomplete information; (c) coding of multiple injuries;(d) coding of sequel conditions (eg, when asbe

49、stosis becomes mesothelioma);(e) independent coding of variables except as constrained by definitions which link variables; and(f) avoiding the selection of invalid code combinations.5.3 Quality Control of CodingUsers should develop and implement measures to ensure that coding is consistent and accurate. Suchmeasures include(a) the development and use of edits for combinations of codes and for checking the validity of individualcodes; Canadian Standards Association Codi