CSA Z752-2003 Definition of Household Hazardous Waste (First Edition).pdf

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1、Z752-03(reaffirmed 2013)Definition of Household Hazardous WasteStandards Update ServiceZ752-03September 2003Title: Definition of Household Hazardous WastePagination: 41 pages (vii preliminary and 34 text), each dated September 2003To register for e-mail notification about any updates to this publica

2、tiongo to shop.csa.caclick on CSA Update ServiceThe List ID that you will need to register for updates to this publication is 2015432.If you require assistance, please e-mail techsupportcsagroup.org or call 416-747-2233.Visit CSA Groups policy on privacy at csagroup.org/legal to find out how we prot

3、ect your personal information.CSA Standard Z752-03 Definition of Household Hazardous Waste Published in September 2003 by Canadian Standards Association A not-for-profit private sector organization 5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N6 1-800-463-6727 416-747-4044 Visit o

4、ur Online Store at www.csa.ca ISBN 1-55397-407-7 Technical Editor: Darryl Neate Canadian Standards Association 2003 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the prior permission of the publisher. Canadian Standards Association Definition of Ho

5、usehold Hazardous Waste September 2003 iii Contents Technical Committee on Household Hazardous Waste v Preface vii 0 Introduction 1 0.1 General 1 0.2 Background 1 0.3 Application 1 0.4 Process of Defining HHW Criteria 1 0.5 Relationship of This Standard to Other Initiatives and Documents 2 0.6 Struc

6、ture 3 1 Scope 3 1.1 General 3 1.2 Exclusions 4 2 Reference Publications 4 3 Definitions 6 4 Hazards 8 4.1 General 8 4.2 Flammable Hazards 8 4.3 Corrosive Hazards 8 4.4 Physical Hazards 8 4.4.1 General 8 4.4.2 Explosives 8 4.4.3 Medical Sharps Carrying Pathogens 8 4.5 Toxicity Hazards 8 4.6 Environm

7、ental Hazards 8 5 Exposures 8 5.1 General 8 5.2 Stages of the Municipal Waste Management System 8 5.2.1 Collection 8 5.2.2 Transportation and Storage 9 5.2.3 Sorting 9 5.2.4 Treatment and Disposal 9 6 Risk 10 6.1 General 10 6.2 Hazards and Exposures Significant Risk Summary 10 7 Criteria 12 7.1 Gene

8、ral 12 7.1.1 Overview 12 7.1.2 Categories of HHW 12 7.1.3 Application of the Criteria 13 7.1.4 Function of Annexes 13 7.2 Flammability Criteria 13 7.2.1 Category 1 13 7.2.2 Category 2 13 7.3 Corrosivity Criteria 13 Z752-03 Canadian Standards Association iv September 2003 7.3.1 General 13 7.3.2 Categ

9、ory 1 14 7.3.3 Category 2 14 7.4 Physical Criteria 14 7.4.1 General 14 7.4.2 Explosives 14 7.4.3 Medical Sharps Carrying Pathogens 14 7.5 Toxicity Criteria 14 7.5.1 General 14 7.5.2 Inhalation (Vapours) 14 7.5.3 Inhalation (Dusts and Mists) 14 7.5.4 Dermal 14 7.6 Environmental Criteria 15 Annexes A

10、(normative) Test Methods 17 B (informative) Application of Criteria 19 C (informative) Rationale for Criteria 25 D (informative) Bibliography 33 Tables 1 Hazards and Exposures Significant Risk Summary 11 2 Toxicity Criteria 15 3 Persistence Criteria 15 4 Bioaccumulative Criteria 15 5 Toxic Metals Cr

11、iteria 16 Figures 1 Criteria Definition Process 2 2 Relationship to Other Guidance 3 3 Domestic Waste Management Options 12 Canadian Standards Association Definition of Household Hazardous Waste September 2003 v Technical Committee on Household Hazardous Waste S. Rathlou SC Johnson and Son, Limited,

12、 Chair Brantford, Ontario M. Haight University of Waterloo, Vice-Chair Waterloo, Ontario E. Berry Canadian Consumer Specialty Products Association, Ottawa, Ontario M.J. Birett Association of Municipal Recycling Coordinators, Waterloo, Ontario B. Gorczyca Winnipeg, Manitoba Consumer Representative T.

13、 Goulding Canadian Paint and Coatings Association, Burford, Ontario R. Hamilton Access Business Group, Ada, Michigan, USA J. Hillard Ottawa, Ontario Consumer Representative D. Lam City of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario D. MacKay Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario K. Mahoney Procter (b) provide an ex

14、planation of circumstances surrounding the actual field condition; and (c) be phrased where possible to permit a specific “yes” or “no” answer. Committee interpretations are processed in accordance with the CSA Directives and guidelines governing standardization and are published in CSAs periodical

15、Info Update, which is available on the CSA Web site at www.csa.ca. Canadian Standards Association Definition of Household Hazardous Waste September 2003 1 Z752-03 Definition of Household Hazardous Waste 0 Introduction 0.1 General This introduction is an integral component of this Standard. It provid

16、es important background information and describes the context for the Standard. 0.2 Background Typically less than 1% of the domestic waste stream includes unused and residual domestic products and waste by-products that are called household hazardous waste (HHW) because of general concerns about th

17、eir potential impact on human safety or the environment on disposal. In many areas, programs have been established to divert these materials from the regular domestic waste stream and the environment. In comparison to the disposal of the bulk of domestic waste, these programs require a much higher l

18、evel of investment. An accurate definition of HHW is critical to (a) the effectiveness and efficiency of diversion programs; (b) preventing truly deleterious materials from entering the environment; and (c) ensuring that the limited resources available for waste reduction, diversion, and recycling a

19、re directed to managing as HHW only those wastes that present significant risks to human health or the environment on disposal. This Standard is subject to revision, through the CSA process, in light of advances in science and knowledge, and changes in waste categories and public behaviour. 0.3 Appl

20、ication This Standard provides the foundation for a comprehensive and proactive approach to managing HHW. This criteria-based definition primarily describes to manufacturers what is and is not included in the definition of HHW. This Standard also allows for the subsequent development of a communicat

21、ion system for identifying those household products that are HHW on disposal. The development of a consistent message to consumers and clear disposal instructions, in turn, is expected to motivate consumers to reduce the generation of HHW and motivate manufacturers to change formulating and packagin

22、g decisions in order to reduce the generation of HHW. The desired result is positive behavioural changes, on the part of manufacturers and consumers, that reduce risk and result in improved human and environmental health, and improvements to the effectiveness and efficiency of current HHW programs.

23、0.4 Process of Defining HHW Criteria The process of defining criteria for HHW is by its very nature one of risk assessment. The general risk assessment process used is represented by the following expression: Hazard *Exposure Risk Based on this expression, the risk resulting from the disposal of a s

24、pecific material is a function of any hazard associated with the material, as well as the likelihood of human or environmental exposure to the material (based on the applicable route of exposure or disposal method). The criteria in this Standard have been developed based on an assessment of risks an

25、d on a review of relevant legislation, regulations, standards, and codes. As a practical way of addressing the human and Z752-03 Canadian Standards Association 2 September 2003 environmental safety of domestic wastes, previously established criteria were adopted whenever they were deemed to be appli

26、cable to domestic waste management. For example, (a) the criteria used to establish the workplace hazardous material information system (WHMIS) labelling were thought to provide a reasonable indication of potential risk to workers during collection and disposal of waste; (b) criteria for corrosivity

27、 were adopted from the federal Consumer Chemicals and Containers Regulations (CCCR); and (c) criteria for inhalation toxicity were adopted from the federal Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations (TDGR). This criteria-based definition process is illustrated in Figure 1. CriteriaDefinitionContr

28、olledProductsRegulations(CPR)ConsumerChemical andContainersRegulations(CCCR)National FireCode RiskAssessment Test Applicationof Criteria HazardIdentification ExposuresIdentification CanadianEnvironmental Protection Act(CEPA) Transportationof DangerousGoods Regulations(TDGR)Other Figure 1 Criteria De

29、finition Process 0.5 Relationship of This Standard to Other Initiatives and Documents This Standard defines hazardous wastes generated by households. This Standard is in no way intended to supplant or circumvent any existing or future provincial or territorial regulations or municipal by-laws on was

30、te or hazardous waste. Figure 2 highlights the life cycle stage addressed by this Standard and lists other guidance documents applicable to domestic products. Canadian Standards Association Definition of Household Hazardous Waste September 2003 3 PRODUCTDEVELOPMENTit is critical to the general reade

31、rs understanding of the Standard as it details the references and rationales used to determine the criteria described in Clause 7. Annex D provides a bibliography. 1 Scope 1.1 General This Standard defines those household wastes that present significant risks to humans or the environment when dispos

32、ed of in one or more systems within the regular domestic waste stream. This Standard can be used to (a) guide product development; (b) develop communication programs to inform the public about which materials are HHW and how to dispose of them properly; (c) assist in the development and encouragemen

33、t of product stewardship programs; and (d) guide the collection and disposal of HHW. This Standard is based on commonly accepted practices, codes, standards, and regulations used in Canada. Z752-03 Canadian Standards Association 4 September 2003 1.2 Exclusions This Standard is not wholly applicable

34、in some cases where a waste management system fails to comply with minimum requirements of applicable standards or regulations. This Standard does not (a) provide disposal recommendations or specific labelling requirements regarding the categories of wastes it describes; (b) provide guidance on the

35、packaging, use, or storage of domestic products within the household; (c) address waste management systems that are outside of the regular domestic waste stream (e.g., industry product stewardship programs, special household waste collection programs); (d) cover occupational hazards associated with

36、the management of materials in HHW programs; (e) specifically address the unauthorized or illegal disposal of materials (e.g., materials disposed of in municipal storm sewers); and (f) cover substances that are used in occupational contexts. 2 Reference Publications This Standard refers to the follo

37、wing publications, and where such reference is made, it shall be to the edition listed below. CSA (Canadian Standards Association) CAN/CSA-A23.1-00/CAN/CSA-A23.2-00 Concrete Materials and Methods of Concrete Construction/Methods of Test for Concrete CAN/CSA-Z317.10-01 Handling of Waste Materials in

38、Health Care Facilities and Veterinary Health Care Facilities ASTM International (American Society for Testing and Materials) D 56-00 Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Tester D 93-00 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Tester D 445-83 Standard Test Method f

39、or Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity) D 1310-97 TAG Open Cup Test Method D 3278-89 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Setaflash Closed-Cup Apparatus D 3828-98 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Te

40、ster D 4359-90 Standard Test Method for Determining Whether a Material Is a Liquid or a Solid E 1147-92 Standard Test Method for Partition Coefficient (N Octanol/Water) Estimation by Liquid Chromatography CCME (Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment) Guidelines for Compost Quality, 1996 Ca

41、nadian Standards Association Definition of Household Hazardous Waste September 2003 5 Government of British Columbia Special Waste Regulation, BC Reg. 63/88 Government of Canada Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA), 1999 Domestic Substances List (DSL) New Substances Notification (NSN) Regula

42、tions, 1994 Persistence and Bioaccumulation Regulations, 2000 Toxic Substances List (Schedule 1) Consumer Chemicals and Containers Regulations (CCCR), 2001 Controlled Products Regulations (CPR), 1986 Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations (TDGR), 2002 Government of the Northwest Territories E

43、nvironmental Protection Act, RSNWT 1988, c. E-7: Guideline for Industrial Waste Discharges in the Northwest Territories (revised February 1998) Government of Ontario Guidelines for Sewage Sludge Utilization on Agricultural Lands, April 1977 (revised January 1986) Guidelines for the Utilization of Bi

44、osolids and Other Wastes on Agricultural Land, March 1996 Model Sewer-Use By-law. Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy, 1988 Recycling and Composting of Municipal Waste Regulation, O. Reg. 101/94 Waste Management Regulation, RRO 1990, Reg. 347 (as amended by O. Reg. 558) Government of Qubec Ha

45、zardous Materials Regulation, OC 1310-97 NRCC (National Research Council Canada) National Fire Code of Canada, 1995 OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Guideline #107, 1981 Partition coefficient (n-octanol/water): Shake Flask Method Test Guideline #401, 1981 Acute Oral Toxi

46、city Test Guideline #402, 1981 Acute Dermal Toxicity Test Guideline #403, 1981 Acute Inhalation Toxicity U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 40: Part 503, Biosolids Rule, 1993 Z752-03 Canadian Standards Association 6 September 2003 Method 1311, Tox

47、icity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), 1992 Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) 4 Developmental NOAEL (No observable adverse effects level) Waste Minimization Prioritization Tool (WMPT), 1998 Other Publications Lipnick, R.L., Jansson, B., Mackay, D., and Petreas, M., eds. Persistent, Bioacc

48、umulative, and Toxic Chemicals, vol. 2, Assessment and New Chemicals. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2000 Young, J.R., How, M.J., Walker, A.P., and Worth, W.M.H. Classification as Corrosive or Irritant to Skin of Preparations Containing Acidic or Alkaline Substance without Testing on Ani

49、mals. Toxicology in Vitro, 2 (1988), 1926 3 Definitions The following definitions apply in this Standard: Acid reserve the quantity of an alkali, expressed in grams of sodium hydroxide, that is required to bring 100 mL of a liquid acidic product, or 100 g of an acidic product in the form of a solid, paste, or gel, to a pH of 4.00 0.05. Acute toxicity the adverse effects resulting from a single dose of or exposure to a substance. Alkali reserve the quant