BS ISO 4378-5-2009 Plain bearings - Terms definitions classification and symbols - Application of symbols《滑动轴承 术语 定义 分类和符号 符号的应用》.pdf

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1、BS ISO4378-5:2009ICS 01.040.21; 21.100.10NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDPlain bearings Terms, definitions,classification andsymbolsPart 5: Application of symbolsThis British Standardwas published underthe authority of theStandards Policy andStra

2、tegy Committee on 30September 2009 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 58568 5Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS ISO 4378-5:2009National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 4378-5:2009.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee

3、 MCE/12, Plain bearings.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot

4、 confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS ISO 4378-5:2009Reference numberISO 4378-5:2009(E)ISO 2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO4378-5First edition2009-09-01Plain bearings Terms, definitions, classification and symbols Part 5: Application of symbols Paliers lisses Termes, dfinitions, classification et

5、symboles Partie 5: Application des symboles BS ISO 4378-5:2009ISO 4378-5:2009(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to

6、 and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the soft

7、ware products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it i

8、s found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2009 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying an

9、d microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii

10、 ISO 2009 All rights reservedBS ISO 4378-5:2009ISO 4378-5:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction.v 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Symbols and terms .1 3.1 Symbols of the Roman alphabet1 3.2 Symbols of the Greek alphabet18 BS ISO 4378-5:2009ISO 4378-5:2009(

11、E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body int

12、erested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnic

13、al Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the

14、technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights.

15、ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 4378-5 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 123, Plain bearings, Subcommittee SC 6, Terms and common items. This first edition cancels and replaces ISO 4378-4:1997 as well as ISO 7904-2:1995, which have been t

16、echnically revised. ISO 4378 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plain bearings Terms, definitions, classification and symbols: Part 1: Design, bearing materials and their properties Part 2: Friction and wear Part 3: Lubrication Part 4: Basic symbols Part 5: Application of symbo

17、ls BS ISO 4378-5:2009ISO 4378-5:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved vIntroduction As there is a large number of multiple designations in the domain of plain bearings, there is a considerable risk of error in the interpretation of standards and technical literature. This uncertainty leads to the con

18、tinuous addition of supplementary designations, which only serves to increase the misunderstanding. This part of ISO 4378 specifies pratical applications of the general symbols used in the field of plain bearings. BS ISO 4378-5:2009BS ISO 4378-5:2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4378-5:2009(E) ISO 2009

19、 All rights reserved 1Plain bearings Terms, definitions, classification and symbols Part 5: Application of symbols 1 Scope This part of ISO 4378 specifies practical applications of the general symbols defined in ISO 4378-4, with regard to the calculations, design and testing of plain bearings. ISO 4

20、378-4 distinguishes between basic characters and additional signs. Additional signs are subscripts and superscripts. The symbols necessary for plain bearing calculations, design, manufacture and testing are just basic characters or combinations of basic characters and additional signs. This part of

21、ISO 4378 lists symbols which have been found necessary for the calculations, design and testing of plain bearings. They have been defined in accordance with the recommendations given in ISO 4378-4. Angles and directions of rotation are defined positively as rotating in a left-hand (anticlockwise) di

22、rection; the same applies to rotational frequencies, and circumferential and angular velocities. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest

23、edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 4378-4, Plain bearings Terms, definitions, classification and symbols Part 4: Basic symbols 3 Symbols and terms The following listings are not necessarily complete. They may be enlarged, if necessary. NOTE Some letters of the

24、 Roman and Greek alphabet have not yet been used. Therefore, these letters are not listed below. 3.1 Symbols of the Roman alphabet A heat-emitting surface area (bearing housing), elongation at fracture A* heat-emitting surface area parameter thrust bearing, A* = A/(B L Zax) ABarea of segment or pad

25、AGarea of groove cross-section Aiheat-emitting surface area (bearing housing) inside of the machine (flange bearing) BS ISO 4378-5:2009ISO 4378-5:2009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reservedAlanland area *lanA relative land area (*lanA = Alan/( D B) for hydrostatic journal bearings) Aoheat-emitting surfac

26、e area (bearing housing) outside of the machine (flange bearing) AParea of lubricant pocket ASarea of cross-section TA specific area of tube AT,iarea of tube cross-section flowed through a distance, acceleration, thermal diffusivity, inertia factor aFdistance between leading edge and pivot position

27、of pad (tilting-pad bearing) *Fa relative distance between leading edge and pivot position of pad (tilting-pad bearing) aminminimum distance between two circular thrust pads aTdistance between temperature measuring point and bearing sliding surface B width parallel to the sliding surface, normal to

28、the direction of motion; bearing width, nominal bearing width, pad width, nominal pad width B* relative width, relative bearing width, relative pad width, width ratio (B* = B/D) Baxwidth of thrust bearing or thrust pad Bax= (Do Di)/2 Beffeffective bearing width (without grooves, chamfers, etc.), eff

29、ective pad width BHouter width of bearing housing in axial direction Btottotal bearing width b width parallel to the sliding surface, normal to the direction of motion or flow bcwidth of circumferential discharge (hydrostatic bearing, bc= B blan) bGwidth of lubricant groove, width of lubricant suppl

30、y groove, width of bleed groove blanland width parallel to the sliding surface, normal to the direction of flow bPwidth of lubricant pocket, width of lubricant supply pocket *Pb relative width of lubricant pocket, relative width of lubricant supply pocket C bearing clearance, nominal bearing clearan

31、ce, chamfer, concentration Caxaxial bearing clearance (thrust bearing) Cax,mmean value of CaxCax,m= (Cax,min+ Cax,max)/2 Cax,maxmaximum value of CaxCax,minminimum value of CaxCDbearing clearance, bearing diametral clearance (difference between bearing bore and journal diameter of a journal bearing,

32、CD= D DJ) CD,mmean value of CDCD,m= (CD,min+ CD,max)/2 BS ISO 4378-5:2009ISO 4378-5:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 3CD,effeffective bearing diametral clearance CD,maxmaximum value of CDCD,minminimum value of CDCGcircumference of groove cross-section CRbearing radial clearance (difference betwe

33、en bearing bore and journal radius of a journal bearing, CR= R RJ) CR,elelastic change of CR CR,effeffective bearing radial clearance CR,mmean value of CRCR,m= (CR,min+ CR,max)/2 CR,maxmaximum value of CRCR,minminimum value of CRCR,ththermal change of CRCR,tottotal change of CR(CR,tot= CR,el+ CR,th)

34、 c specific heat capacity, lubricant specific heat capacity, stiffness caxaxial bearing stiffness cax,iaxial stiffness of the bearing when load is directed into the machine (flange bearing) cax,oaxial stiffness of the bearing when load is directed out of the machine (flange bearing) cdwvertical stif

35、fness of the bearing loaded downwards cFstiffness of pad pivot support in direction of load (tilting-pad bearing) chhorizontal bearing stiffness ciklubricant film stiffness coefficient of journal bearing (i, k = 1, 2) *ikc non-dimensional lubricant film stiffness coefficient of journal bearing ()()3

36、*,1,22ik ikccB=cik,iinner lubricant film stiffness coefficient of journal bearing (i, k = 1, 2) cik,oouter lubricant film stiffness coefficient of journal bearing (i, k = 1, 2) cJRflexural stiffness of the Jeffcott Rotor cpspecific heat capacity of the lubricant (at constant pressure) cp,clspecific

37、heat capacity of the coolant (at constant pressure) cshflexural stiffness of shaft csupstiffness of isotropic bearing or bearing shell support csup,ikstiffness coefficient of anisotropic bearing or bearing shell support (i, k = 1, 2) cupvertical stiffness of the bearing loaded upwards BS ISO 4378-5:

38、2009ISO 4378-5:2009(E) 4 ISO 2009 All rights reservedcvvertical bearing stiffness cangular stiffness of pad pivot support (tilting-pad bearing) D bearing diameter (inside diameter of journal bearing), nominal bearing diameter DBtwice the lobe or pad bore radius of a multi-lobed or tilting-pad journa

39、l bearing DB,mmean value of DBDB,m= (DB,min+ DB,max)/2 DB,maxmaximum value of DBDB,minminimum value of DBDB,ooutside diameter of bearing shell or pad of a fixed-pad or tilting-pad journal bearing Dfi(outside) diameter of lubricating ring fixed to the shaft DH,iinside diameter of bearing housing DH,o

40、outside diameter of bearing housing Diinside diameter of thrust bearing sliding surface DJjournal diameter (diameter of the shaft section located inside of a journal bearing) DJ,mmean value of DJDJ,m= (DJ,min+ DJ,max)/2 DJ,maxmaximum value of DJDJ,minminimum value of DJDlo(outside) diameter of loose

41、 lubricating ring Dmmean diameter of thrust bearing sliding surface Dm= (Di+ Do)/2 Dmaxmaximum value of D Dminminimum value of D Dooutside diameter of thrust bearing sliding surface DT,iinside diameter of tube DT,ooutside diameter of tube d diameter, distance, depth, damping dBdiameter of circular t

42、hrust pad dcpdiameter of capillary dedamping of eigenfrequency, system damping dFdamping of pad pivot support in direction of load (tilting-pad bearing) dGdiameter of groove dG,mmean diameter of groove diklubricant film damping coefficient of journal bearing (i, k = 1, 2) BS ISO 4378-5:2009ISO 4378-

43、5:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 5*ikd non-dimensional lubricant film damping coefficient of journal bearing ()3*,1,22ik ikddikB=dLlubrication hole diameter dorf,iinside diameter of orifice dorf,ooutside diameter of orifice dPdiameter of lubricating pocket dsupdamping of isotropic bearing or b

44、earing shell support dsup,ikdamping coefficient of anisotropic bearing or bearing shell support (i, k = 1, 2) dangular damping of pad pivot support (tilting-pad bearing) E Youngs modulus (modulus of elasticity) EBYoungs modulus of bearing material EJYoungs modulus of journal material Eresresultant Y

45、oungs modulus EshYoungs modulus of shaft material e eccentricity (distance between journal and bearing axis) eBeccentricity of bearing sliding surfaces (segments or pads) of a multi-lobed or tilting-pad journal bearing eB,heccentricity of bearing sliding surfaces (segments) of a multi-lobed journal

46、bearing in the horizontal direction eB,veccentricity of bearing sliding surfaces (segments) of a multi-lobed journal bearing in the vertical direction eCGeccentricity of centre of gravity (distance between centre of gravity and shaft axis) excomponent of eccentricity normal to direction of load eyco

47、mponent of eccentricity in direction of load F bearing force, bearing load, nominal bearing load, load-carrying capacity F* bearing force parameter F additional dynamic force F* additional dynamic force parameter (F* = 2FBD for journal bearings) Faxaxial bearing force, axial bearing load, thrust bea

48、ring load (nominal load) Fax,limmaximum admissible thrust bearing load Fax,lim,imaximum admissible thrust bearing load directed into the machine (flange bearing) Fax,lim,omaximum admissible thrust bearing load directed out of the machine (flange bearing) BS ISO 4378-5:2009ISO 4378-5:2009(E) 6 ISO 20

49、09 All rights reservedFBsegment or pad load Fddamping force Fdyndynamic bearing force, dynamic bearing load Fdyn,rsnresonance amplitude of dynamic bearing force Fdyn,xcomponent of Fdynin the x-direction Fdyn,ycomponent of Fdynin the y-direction Febearing force considering elasticity *eF bearing force parameter considering elasticity (*eF = Kel F*) Fe,trbearing force considering elasticity at transition to mixed friction *e,trF bearing