BS EN 71-1-2014 Safety of toys Mechanical and physical properties《玩具安全性 机械和物理特性》.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 71-1:2014Safety of toysPart 1: Mechanical and physical propertiesBS EN 71-1:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 71-1:2014. Itsupersedes BS EN 71-1:2011+A3:2014 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its prepara

2、tion was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee CW/15, Safety of toys.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. Th

3、e British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 86743 9ICS 97.200.50Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 N

4、ovember 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 71-1:2014EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 71-1 November 2014 ICS 97.200.50 Supersedes EN 71-1:2011+A3:2014English Version Safety of toys - Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties Scurit des jouets - Partie

5、 1: Proprits mcaniques et physiques Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 1: Mechanische und physikalische Eigenschaften This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 October 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this E

6、uropean Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official vers

7、ions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria,

8、 Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, S

9、witzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN nat

10、ional Members. Ref. No. EN 71-1:2014 EBS EN 71-1:2014EN 71-1:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 8 Introduction 11 1 Scope (see A.2) . 12 2 Normative references . 14 3 Terms and definitions 15 4 General requirements)23 4.1 Material cleanliness (see A.3) 23 4.2 Assembly (see A.4) . 23 4.3 Flexible plas

11、tic sheeting (see A.5 and A.16) 24 4.4 Toy bags 24 4.5 Glass (see 5.7 and A.6) . 24 4.6 Expanding materials (see A.7) . 24 4.7 Edges (see A.8) . 24 4.8 Points and metallic wires (see A.9) . 25 4.9 Protruding parts (see A.10) 25 4.10 Parts moving against each other 26 4.10.1 Folding and sliding mecha

12、nisms (see A.11) 26 4.10.2 Driving mechanisms (see A.12) . 28 4.10.3 Hinges (see A.13) 28 4.10.4 Springs (see A.14). 28 4.11 Mouth-actuated toys and other toys intended to be put in the mouth (see A.15) . 29 4.12 Balloons (see 4.3 and A.16) . 29 4.13 Cords of toy kites and other flying toys (see A.1

13、7) . 29 4.14 Enclosures . 29 4.14.1 Toys which a child can enter (see A.18) . 29 4.14.2 Masks and helmets (see A.19) . 30 4.15 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see A.20) . 31 4.15.1 Toys propelled by a child or by other means 31 4.15.2 Toy bicycles (see A.20) 35 4.15.3 Rocking horses and s

14、imilar toys (see A.21) 36 4.15.4 Toys not propelled by a child 37 4.15.5 Toy scooters (see A.49) . 37 4.16 Heavy immobile toys 39 4.17 Projectiles (see A.22) 39 4.17.1 General . 39 4.17.2 Projectile toys without stored energy. 39 4.17.3 Projectile toys with stored energy 40 4.17.4 Bows and arrows 40

15、 4.18 Aquatic toys and inflatable toys (see A.23) . 40 4.19 Percussion caps specifically designed for use in toys and toys using percussion caps (see A.24) . 41 4.20 Acoustics (see A.25) . 41 4.20.1 Exposure categories for time-averaged sound pressure levels 41 4.20.2 Emission sound pressure level l

16、imits 42 4.21 Toys containing a non-electrical heat source . 46 4.22 Small balls (see 5.10 and A.48) 47 4.23 Magnets (see A.51) . 47 BS EN 71-1:2014EN 71-1:2014 (E) 3 4.23.1 General . 47 4.23.2 Toys other than magnetic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years . 47 4.23.3 Magne

17、tic/electrical experimental sets intended for children over 8 years 48 4.24 Yo-yo balls (see A.52) . 48 4.25 Toys attached to food (see A.55) . 48 5 Toys intended for children under 36 months . 48 5.1 General requirements (see A.26) . 48 5.2 Soft-filled toys and soft-filled parts of a toy (see A.27)

18、 . 49 5.3 Plastic sheeting (see A.28) . 50 5.4 Cords, chains and electrical cables in toys (see A.29) 50 5.5 Liquid-filled toys (see A.30) 52 5.6 Speed limitation of electrically-driven ride-on toys . 52 5.7 Glass and porcelain (see 4.5 and A.6) . 52 5.8 Shape and size of certain toys (see A.31) . 5

19、2 5.9 Toys comprising monofilament fibres (see A.32) 53 5.10 Small balls (see also 4.22 and A.48) 53 5.11 Play figures 53 5.12 Hemispheric-shaped toys (see A.50) . 54 5.13 Suction cups (see A.54) 56 5.14 Straps intended to be worn fully or partially around the neck (see A.53) . 56 6 Packaging (see A

20、.56) . 56 7 Warnings, markings and instructions for use (see A.33) 57 7.1 General . 57 7.2 Toys not intended for children under 36 months (see 4.22 and A.34) . 58 7.3 Latex balloons (see 4.12 and A.16) 59 7.4 Aquatic toys (see 4.18 and A.23) . 59 7.5 Functional toys (see A.35) 60 7.6 Hazardous sharp

21、 functional edges and points (see 4.7 and 4.8) . 60 7.7 Projectiles (see 4.17.3 c) and 4.17.4 c) . 60 7.7.1 Toys with projectiles which are able to discharge an object other than that provided with the toy . 60 7.7.2 Toys capable of discharging a projectile with a kinetic energy greater than 0,08 J

22、60 7.8 Imitation protective masks and helmets (see 4.14.2 and A.19) 60 7.9 Toy kites (see 4.13) 60 7.10 Roller skates, inline skates, skateboards and certain other ride-on toys (see 4.15.1.2 and A.20) 61 7.10.1 Roller skates, inline skates and skateboards . 61 7.10.2 Ride-on toys without a braking d

23、evice 61 7.10.3 Electrically-driven ride-on toys 61 7.10.4 Instructions for use . 61 7.11 Toys intended to be attached to or strung across a cradle, cot, or perambulator (see 5.4 f) . 62 7.12 Liquid-filled teethers (see 5.5) 62 7.13 Percussion caps specifically designed for use in toys (see 4.19) .

24、62 7.14 Acoustics (see 4.19 and 4.20) 62 7.15 Toy bicycles (see 4.15.2.2) . 62 7.16 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see 4.15.1.2, 4.15.2.2, 4.15.3 and 4.15.4) 62 7.17 Toys comprising monofilament fibres (see 5.9) . 63 7.18 Toy scooters (see 4.15.5.2) . 63 7.19 Rocking horses and similar t

25、oys (see 4.15.3 and A.21) 63 7.20 Magnetic/electrical experimental sets (see 4.23.3 and A.51) 63 7.21 Toys with electrical cables exceeding 300 mm in length (see 5.4 i) . 64 7.22 Toys with cords or chains intended for children of 18 months and over but under 36 months (see 5.4 b), 5.4 c) and 5.4 g)

26、. 64 8 Test methods . 64 BS EN 71-1:2014EN 71-1:2014 (E) 4 8.1 General requirements for testing 64 8.2 Small parts cylinder (see 4.6, 4.11, 4.18, 4.23.2, 4.23.3, 4.25, 5.1, 5.2 and A.36) . 64 8.3 Torque test (see 4.6, 4.11, 4.14.2, 4.17, 4.18, 4.22, 4.23.2, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13 and Clause 6)

27、65 8.4 Tension test (see A.37) . 65 8.4.1 Apparatus 65 8.4.2 Procedure 66 8.5 Drop test (see 4.5, 4.6, 4.10.2, 4.14.2, 4.22, 4.23.2, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12 and 5.13) . 68 8.6 Tip over test (see 4.10.2, 4.22, 4.23.2, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12 and 5.13) 68 8.7 Impact test (see 4.5, 4.6, 4.10.2, 4.14.2, 4.22, 4.2

28、3.2, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13 and A.38) 69 8.8 Compression test (see 4.6, 4.14.2, 4.22, 4.23.2, 4.25, 5.1, 5.10, 5.12, 5.13 and A.39) . 69 8.9 Soaking test (see 4.11, 4.23.2, 5.1, 5.10 and 5.12) . 69 8.10 Accessibility of a part or component (see 4.5, 4.7, 4.8, 4.10.2, 4.10.4, 4.15.1.3, 4.21, 5.2

29、 and 5.7) 70 8.10.1 Principle . 70 8.10.2 Apparatus 70 8.10.3 Procedure 70 8.11 Sharpness of edges (see 4.5, 4.7, 4.9, 4.10.2, 4.14.2, 4.15.1.3 and 5.1) . 72 8.11.1 Principle . 72 8.11.2 Apparatus 72 8.11.3 Procedure 73 8.12 Sharpness of points (see 4.5, 4.8, 4.9, 4.10.2, 4.14.2, 4.15.1.3, 5.1 and A

30、.40) . 74 8.12.1 Principle . 74 8.12.2 Apparatus 74 8.12.3 Procedure 75 8.13 Flexibility of metallic wires (see 4.8 and A.41) . 76 8.13.1 General . 76 8.13.2 Metallic wires and other metallic components intended to be bent 76 8.13.3 Metallic wires likely to be bent 76 8.14 Expanding materials (see 4

31、.6) . 77 8.15 Leakage of liquid-filled toys (see 5.5 and A.42) . 77 8.16 Geometric shape of certain toys (see 5.8, 5.11 and A.43) 77 8.17 Durability of mouth-actuated toys (see 4.11 and A.44) . 78 8.17.1 Mouth-actuated projectile toys 78 8.17.2 Other mouth-actuated toys 78 8.18 Folding or sliding me

32、chanisms (see 4.10.1 and A.45) 79 8.18.1 Loads . 79 8.18.2 Toy pushchairs and perambulators 79 8.18.3 Other collapsible toys (see 4.10.1 c) 80 8.19 Electric resistivity of cords (see 4.13) 80 8.20 Cords cross-sectional dimension (see 5.4 a) . 80 8.21 Static strength (see 4.15.1.3, 4.15.1.5, 4.15.3,

33、4.15.4 and A.46) 81 8.22 Dynamic strength (see 4.15.1.3) 82 8.22.1 Principle . 82 8.22.2 Loads . 82 8.22.3 Procedure 83 8.23 Stability 85 8.23.1 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see 4.15.1.4, 4.15.3 and 4.15.4) . 85 8.23.2 Heavy immobile toys (see 4.16) . 85 8.24 Determination of kinetic e

34、nergy (see A.47) 85 8.24.1 Kinetic energy of projectiles (see 4.17.3) . 85 8.24.2 Kinetic energy of bows and arrows (see 4.17.4) 86 8.25 Plastic sheeting. 86 8.25.1 Thickness (see 4.3, 5.3 and Clause 6) 86 8.25.2 Adhesion (see 5.3) 86 8.26 Brake performance . 86 8.26.1 Brake performance for certain

35、ride-on toys (see 4.15.1.5) . 86 BS EN 71-1:2014EN 71-1:2014 (E) 5 8.26.2 Brake performance for toy bicycles (see 4.15.2.3) . 87 8.26.3 Brake performance for toy scooters (see 4.15.5.5) 87 8.27 Strength of toy scooter steering tubes (see 4.15.5.3) 88 8.27.1 Resistance to downward forces 88 8.27.2 Re

36、sistance to upward forces . 89 8.28 Determination of emission sound pressure levels (see 4.20). 89 8.28.1 General . 89 8.28.2 Test procedures . 93 8.29 Determination of maximum design speed of electrically-driven ride-on toys (see 4.15.1.2, 4.15.1.5, 4.15.1.8 and 5.6) 102 8.30 Measurement of tempera

37、ture rises (see 4.21) 103 8.31 Toy chest lids (see 4.14.1 c) 103 8.31.1 General . 103 8.31.2 Lid support . 103 8.31.3 Durability test for vertically opening hinged lids . 103 8.32 Small balls and suction cups test (see 4.17, 4.22, 4.25, 5.10 and 5.13) . 103 8.32.1 Small balls and suction cups (see C

38、lause 6) 103 8.32.2 Small balls attached to a toy by a cord . 104 8.33 Test for play figures (see 5.11) . 105 8.34 Tension test for magnets (see 4.23.2 and A.51) . 105 8.34.1 General . 105 8.34.2 Toys that contain more than one magnet or magnetic component . 105 8.34.3 Toys that contain one magnet o

39、nly . 106 8.35 Magnetic flux index (see 4.23.2 and 4.23.3) 106 8.35.1 General . 106 8.35.2 Apparatus . 106 8.35.3 Procedure . 106 8.35.4 Calculation of magnetic flux index 107 8.36 Perimeter of cords and chains (see 5.4 c) and 5.4 d) . 107 8.36.1 Test equipment 107 8.36.2 Test procedures . 109 8.37

40、Yo-yo balls measurements (see 4.24) . 112 8.37.1 Measurement of initial length l0. 112 8.37.2 Measurement of elastic constant k 113 8.38 Breakaway feature separation test (see 5.4 b), 5.4 c) and 5.14) . 114 8.39 Self-retracting cords (see 5.4 e) 115 8.40 Length of cords, chains and electrical cables

41、 (see 5.4 b), 5.4 c), 5.4 g), 5.4 h) and 5.4 i) . 115 Annex A (informative) Background and rationale for this European Standard 116 A.1 General . 116 A.2 Scope (see Clause 1) . 116 A.3 Material cleanliness (see 4.1) . 116 A.4 Assembly (see 4.2) 117 A.5 Flexible plastic sheeting (see 4.3) . 117 A.6 G

42、lass (see 4.5 and 5.7) 117 A.7 Expanding materials (see 4.6) 117 A.8 Edges (see 4.7) 117 A.9 Points and metallic wires (see 4.8) 118 A.10 Protruding parts (see 4.9) . 118 A.11 Folding and sliding mechanisms (see 4.10.1) 119 A.12 Driving mechanisms (see 4.10.2) . 119 BS EN 71-1:2014EN 71-1:2014 (E) 6

43、 A.13 Hinges (see 4.10.3) 119 A.14 Springs (see 4.10.4) 120 A.15 Mouth-actuated toys and other toys intended to be put in the mouth (see 4.11) 120 A.16 Balloons (see 4.3, 4.12 and 7.3) . 120 A.17 Cords of toy kites (see 4.13) 121 A.18 Toys which a child can enter (see 4.14.1) 121 A.19 Masks and helm

44、ets (see 4.14.2 and 7.8) . 121 A.20 Toys intended to bear the mass of a child (see 4.15 and 7.10) 121 A.21 Rocking horses and similar toys (see 4.15.3) 122 A.22 Projectiles (see 4.17) 123 A.23 Aquatic toys and inflatable toys (see 4.18 and 7.4) . 123 A.24 Percussion caps specifically designed for us

45、e in toys and toys using percussion caps (see 4.19) 123 A.25 Acoustics (see 4.20) . 124 A.26 General requirements for toys intended for children under 36 months (see 5.1) 127 A.27 Soft-filled toys and soft-filled parts of a toy (see 5.2) . 128 A.28 Adhesion of plastic sheeting (see 5.3) . 129 A.29 C

46、ords and chains in toys (see 5.4) 129 A.30 Liquid-filled toys (see 5.5 and A.42) 131 A.31 Shape and size of certain toys (see 5.8 and A.43) . 131 A.32 Toys comprising monofilament fibres (see 5.9) 132 A.33 Warnings, markings and instructions for use (see 7.1) 132 A.34 Warning for toys not intended f

47、or children under 36 months (see 7.2) 134 A.35 Warnings in connection with functional toys (see 7.5) 134 A.36 Small parts cylinder (see 8.2) 134 A.37 Tension test (see 8.4) . 134 A.38 Impact test (see 8.7) . 134 A.39 Compression test (see 8.8) 135 A.40 Sharpness of points (see 8.12) 135 A.41 Flexibi

48、lity of metallic wires (see 8.13) . 135 A.42 Leakage of liquid-filled teethers (see 8.15 and A.30) 135 A.43 Geometric shape of certain toys (see 8.16 and A.31) . 135 A.44 Durability of mouth-actuated toys (see 8.17) . 135 A.45 Folding or sliding mechanisms (see 8.18) . 135 A.46 Static strength (see

49、8.21) . 136 A.47 Kinetic energy of projectiles, bows and arrows (see 8.24) 136 A.48 Small balls (see 4.22 and 5.10) 136 A.49 Toy scooters (see 4.15.5) . 137 BS EN 71-1:2014EN 71-1:2014 (E) 7 A.50 Hemispheric-shaped toys (see 5.12) . 138 A.51 Magnets (see 4.23) . 138 A.52 Yo-yo balls (see 4.24) 140 A.53 Straps intended to be worn fully or partially around the neck (see 5.14) 143 A.54 Suction cups (see 5.13) . 143 A.55 Toys attached to food (see 4.25) 144 A.56 Packaging (see Clause 6) . 144 Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requ