BS EN 1493-2010 Vehicle lifts《汽车升降机》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 1493:2010Vehicle liftsBS EN 1493:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1493:2010. Itsupersedes BS EN 1493:1999+A1:2008

2、which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee MHE/12/-/3, Lifting Platforms - Vehicle lifting devices.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the

3、 necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 64223 4ICS 43.180; 53.020.99Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and

4、Strategy Committee on 31 August 2010.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 1493:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1493 August 2010 ICS 43.180; 53.020.99 Supersedes EN 1493:1998+A1:2008English Version Vehicle lifts Elvateurs de vhicules Fahrzeug-Hebebhnen T

5、his European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 June 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical referen

6、ces concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member in

7、to its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Ita

8、ly, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-100

9、0 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1493:2010: EBS EN 1493:2010EN 1493:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4Introduction .51 Scope 62 Normative references 63 Terms and definitions .74 List of hazards . 105

10、 Safety requirements and/or measures . 145.1 General . 145.2 Preventing unauthorised operation 145.3 Control devices . 145.4 Control positions 155.5 Duplicated drive systems 165.6 Speeds . 165.7 Structural design of the supporting structure . 165.8 Driving machinery. 255.9 Load carrying devices 285.

11、10 Additional requirements for lifts with balconies . 305.11 Limiting the travel of the load carrying device 315.12 Unintended blocking of the load carrying device . 315.13 Safety against rupture of mechanical bearing devices 315.14 Safety against leakage . 325.15 Additional requirements for lifts w

12、ith several drives or lifting elements 325.16 Additional requirements for movable and mobile lifts . 335.17 Protection against pinching and shearing . 335.18 Safety devices . 355.19 Protection against damage 355.20 Manually driven vehicle lifts 365.21 Electrical equipment . 365.22 Special requiremen

13、ts for vehicle lifts where it is permitted to stand under the load during lifting and lowering movement 366 Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures 376.1 General . 377 Information for use . 397.1 General . 397.2 Marking 397.3 Operation instructions . 407.4 Name plate . 41Annex A (inf

14、ormative) Structural calculations 42A.1 Permissible stresses 42Annex B (informative) Examples of solutions . 46Annex C (normative) Design of rope drives 52Annex D (informative) Example of information about wind . 54Annex E (normative) Protection against leakage . 55Annex F (normative) Additional req

15、uirements for cableless controls and control systems . 57F.1 Introduction . 57BS EN 1493:2010EN 1493:2010 (E) 3 F.2 General . 57F.3 Control limitation . 57F.4 Stop . 57F.5 Serial data communication . 57F.6 Use of more than one operator control station 59F.7 Battery-powered operator control stations

16、59F.8 Wireless control components 59Annex G (normative) Noise 60Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC 61Bibliography 62BS EN 1493:2010EN 1493:2010 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 1493:2010) has been prepared by T

17、echnical Committee CEN/TC 98 “Lifting platforms”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2011, and conflicting national standards shall b

18、e withdrawn at the latest by February 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1493:1998+A1:2

19、008. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. A

20、ccording to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,

21、 Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 1493:2010EN 1493:2010 (E) 5 Introduction This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1:2003. The machinery conce

22、rned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document. In addition, machinery should comply as appropriate with EN ISO 12100-1 for hazards which are not covered by this standard. When provisions of this type C standard

23、 are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. The object of this European Stan

24、dard is to define rules for safeguarding persons against the risk of accidents associated with the operation of vehicle lifts. While elaborating this standard it was assumed that only authorized persons operate the vehicle lifts and that the working area is sufficiently lit. The requirement concerni

25、ng loading control is not deemed pertinent to this standard insofar as: experience and the state of the art suggests that failing to observe this requirement has not historically given rise to unsafe situations; such devices which would give protection against overall and local overloading are not c

26、urrently available in forms which cover all eventualities; the weight and weight distribution is freely available for the type of vehicles to be lifted and as such it is the responsibility of the user to prevent an unsafe situation arising; vehicle lifts are generally designed to suit the maximum we

27、ight of vehicle to which it would reasonably be subjected, hence the normal duty of a lift is substantially lower than the maximum. BS EN 1493:2010EN 1493:2010 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard applies to stationary, mobile and movable vehicle lifts, which are not intended to lift persons but whi

28、ch are designed to raise vehicles totally, for the purpose of examining and working on or under the vehicles whilst in a raised position. The vehicle lift may consist of one or more lifting-units. Power supply to the vehicle lift by internal combustion engines is not considered. The floor or ground

29、supporting the vehicle lift in use is assumed to be horizontal. This document is applicable to vehicle lifts which are manufactured year after the date of its publication as EN. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For date

30、d references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 982:1996+A1:2008, Safety of machinery Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components Hydraulics EN 983:1996+A1:2008, Safety of

31、machinery Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components Pneumatics EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:2005, modified) EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines Part 32: Requir

32、ements for hoisting machines (IEC 60204-32:2008) EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989) EN 60947-5-1:2004, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and switching elements Electromechanical control circuit devices (IEC 60

33、947-5-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) EN ISO

34、 13849-1:2008, Safety of machinery Safety-related parts of control systems Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006) EN ISO 13849-2:2008, Safety of machinery Safety-related parts of control systems Part 2: Validation (ISO 13849-2:2003) EN ISO 13850:2008, Safety of machinery Emergency

35、stop Principles for design (ISO 13850:2006) ISO 4308-1:2003, Cranes and lifting appliances Selection of wire ropes Part 1: General BS EN 1493:2010EN 1493:2010 (E) 7 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following app

36、ly. 3.1 vehicle lift lifting device with guided load carrying device for lifting land based means of transport such as cars, motorcycles, lorries, buses, trams, rail vehicles, industrial trucks and similar, in the following named vehicle, and designed for working on or under the load NOTE 1 The guid

37、ance of the load carrying device is given by the supporting structure. NOTE 2 A vehicle lift may have the ability to tilt the load carrying device about a horizontal axis parallel to or perpendicular to the main axis of the lifted vehicle. NOTE 3 The following types of vehicle lift are examples of t

38、hose covered by this definition: single and multi-column lifts, single and multi-cylinder lifts, mobile column lifts, scissor and parallelogram lifts, short stroke lifts, which support vehicle wheels, chassis or other designated lifting points (see Annex B (informative). NOTE 4 Short stroke lifts ar

39、e floor mounted vehicle lifts with a maximum vertical travel of not more than 500 mm, which are not designed for working under the raised load. 3.2 manually driven vehicle lift vehicle lift where the load carrying device is driven by manual effort 3.3 power-driven vehicle lift vehicle lift where the

40、 load carrying device is not driven by manual effort 3.4 fixed vehicle lift vehicle lift fixed permanently to its location 3.5 movable vehicle lift vehicle lift which can fulfil its function without being fixed to the floor and may be designed to be transportable 3.6 mobile vehicle lift movable vehi

41、cle lift equipped with wheels, rollers, etc. such that it can be moved from one place to another with or without load 3.6.1 manually mobile vehicle lift mobile vehicle lift which is moved by manual effort alone 3.6.2 vehicle lift with powered mobility mobile vehicle lift which is not moved by manual

42、 effort 3.7 initial position lower limit position of the carrying device BS EN 1493:2010EN 1493:2010 (E) 8 3.8 rated load maximum load that a lift has been designed to carry referring to the normative vehicle or to special vehicles mentioned in 5.7.4.4 3.9 load carrying device part(s) of the vehicle

43、 lift which supports the load either by direct contact with the vehicle or through contact with pick-up plates or pads EXAMPLE Tracks, carrying arms or other mechanical devices designed to raise and support a vehicle by designated lifting points. 3.10 carrying arm load carrying device attached at on

44、e end, directly or indirectly to the lifting element and supporting the load at its other end NOTE Carrying arms are usually used on two column lifts. 3.11 pick-up plate part of the load carrying device, e.g. on two column lifts with carrying arms, which has direct contact to the vehicle and which h

45、as an assigned position on the load carrying device NOTE See Figure 1. 3.12 pick-up pad vehicle supporting pad which has direct contact with the vehicle but which does not have an assigned position, e.g. pads used on wheel free systems with platforms NOTE See Figure 2. Key 1 pick-up plate 2 load car

46、rying device 3 pin Figure 1 Pick-up plate BS EN 1493:2010EN 1493:2010 (E) 9 Key 1 pick-up pad 2 platform Figure 2 Pick-up pad 3.13 lifting element medium through which the force is transmitted from the power source to the load carrying device NOTE Lifting elements include hydraulic and pneumatic cyl

47、inders, lead screw and nut systems as well as any flexible connections such as steel wire ropes and chains. 3.14 catching device device which holds the load carrying device in case of failure of the lifting element 3.15 re-raising prevention device device which prevents re-raising of load carrying d

48、evice from the initial position in the event of failure of the lifting element 3.16 unauthorised use use by a person who has not received permission to operate the lift and instruction on its safe operation 3.17 braking 3.17.1 automatic brake braking device which is normally held on and which is rel

49、eased only by application of power NOTE Operation is also instigated automatically by releasing the lift controls and by interruption of the power supply. 3.17.2 self braking system system which, due to its inherent resistance to movement, stops the movement of the load carrying device when the drive power is interrupted 3.18 safe