ASTM F910-2004(2010) Standard Specification for Face Guards for Youth Baseball《少年棒球运动员用面部保护罩的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: F910 04 (Reapproved 2010)An American National StandardStandard Specification forFace Guards for Youth Baseball1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F910; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, t

2、he year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONIn baseball, or similar sports, where the force of a pitched, hit, or deflected ball can cause facialinjury

3、, there is a need for head, facial, eye, and teeth protection. After careful consideration of themechanisms and forces involved in this context, this specification for eye and facial protectiveequipment has been prepared.The impact test is designed to approximate the impact of a direct perpendicular

4、 blow from a baseballtraveling at 30 m/s (67.1 mph). These speeds have been confirmed by actual measurements onbaseballs thrown by youth league pitchers. Performance and design requirements developed on thisbasis are intended to minimize injury and to prolong the useful life of the equipment. Howeve

5、r,because of complex interactions of variables such as ball speed, direction and point of impact, andparticularly, individual differences in reaction to impact forces, it must be kept in mind that someinjuries, even some serious injuries, are still possible.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers prot

6、ective face guards forsports such as youth baseball (batters and baserunners).1.2 This type of face guard is designed to be attached to apre-existing helmet.1.3 The equipment covered by this specification is intendedto reduce hazards of injury to the face, including eyes andmouth, due to impacts fro

7、m baseballs or softballs.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 5, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to add

8、ress all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. General Requirements2.1 Materials:2.1.1 The design of t

9、he face guards and the choice ofmaterials shall be such as to combine mechanical strength anddurability consistent with the intended use of the equipment.2.1.2 Materials coming into contact with the wearers faceshall not be a type known to cause skin irritation or disease,and shall not undergo signi

10、ficant loss of strength, flexibility, orother physical change as a result of contact with perspiration,oil, or grease from the wearers head or skin.2.2 FinishesAll points shall be well finished, and free ofsharp edges or other irregularities that would present potentialhazards of scratching and cutt

11、ing the user or an opposingplayer.2.3 PaddingWhere padded chin straps are used, thepadding material shall be attached to the device in such a wayas to cover all the hard surfaces that come into contact with thechin. The method of securing padding shall maintain thepadding material in position under

12、normal conditions of heat,cold, moisture, or force distortion by the wearer. Any adhesiveused to attach the padding to the face guard shall be of such atype as to cause no deterioration or stress of the face guardmaterial.2.4 Attachment SystemFace guards shall be attached tothe helmet in such a way

13、as to avoid reduction of the degree ofprotection offered by the helmet or the combination of helmetand guard. The protection offered by the helmet or guard shallbe considered impaired if there is visual evidence of stress tothe helmet or guard or any disengagement of the guardfollowing the tests as

14、set forth in 5.3 or while in use.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on SportsEquipment and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F08.53 onHeadgear and Helmets.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published December 2010. Originallyapproved in

15、1985. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F910 04. DOI:10.1520/F0910-04R10.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3. Performance Requirements3.1 All testing shall be done with the face guard mounted ona helmet of a mak

16、e or model specified by the face guardmanufacturer and placed on a headform as specified in 5.1.1.3.2 Impact Requirements:3.2.1 When testing in accordance with Section 5, the fol-lowing applies:3.2.1.1 The wire face guard shall be deemed a failure if anyweld completely separates or if any fractures

17、in the wirebetween any two welds occur on any specimen as a result ofimpact.3.2.1.2 The plastic face guard shall be deemed a failure ifany full-thickness cracks or fractures occur on any specimen asa result of impact.FIG. 1 Face Guard and Helmet on HeadformFIG. 2 Schematic of the Ball Propelling App

18、aratusF910 04 (2010)23.2.1.3 The protection by the face guard shall be deemed afailure if the face guard becomes disengaged from the helmetduring testing in accordance with 5.3.3.2.2 Neither the ball nor the face guard may contact ZoneAofFig. 4. The ball may not contact Zone B, but the faceguard may

19、 contact Zone B as the result of deflection by theball. No paste shall be left on the ball (from Zone A or B) or onany part of the face guard (from Zone A) as a result of theimpact specified in 5.3.1. Paste residue transferred from “nocontact areas” as determined above and in Fig. 4 will constitutea

20、 failure. The paste can be colored using a food coloring orother suitable material in order to apply different colors to ZoneA and Zone B so that areas of facial contact are more easilydistinguishable when examining the ball and face guard.FIG. 3 Headform with Pressure Indicator Paste on Facial Area

21、FIG. 4 No Contact AreaF910 04 (2010)3FIG. 5 Standard Mouth and Eye Impact LocationsFIG. 6F910 04 (2010)44. Sample Preparation4.1 Test only face guards as offered for sale and only whenattached to an appropriate helmet.4.2 Condition face guards at the temperatures of 36 6 2C(97 6 4F) and at 10 6 2C (

22、50 6 4F) for a minimum periodof 4 h prior to test. The face guard will be tested within 3 minfrom removal from the conditioning environment. The faceguard/helmet assemblies may be returned to the conditioningenvironment in order to meet this requirement. Prior to theresumption of testing, specimens

23、must remain in the condition-ing environment for a minimum of 15 min for each period upto 5 min long that they are out of the conditioning environment.4.3 Assemble face guards to the helmets in accordance withinstructions provided. (See 7.1.)5. Impact Test Method5.1 Apparatus for Impact Tests:5.1.1

24、Headform2,3and MountingThe face guard/helmetassemblies shall be fitted on the medium NOCSAE head form(see Fig. 1) for impact tests. Attach the head form to amounting plate. The mounting plate2,4is to be assembled tolinear bearings and guide rods so that the head form is free tomove directionally in

25、relation to the impact.Fiftieth PercentileMedium Size (678 to 714)5.1.2 Ball Propelling DeviceThe ball propelling deviceshall consist of an apparatus which has the capability ofpropelling a regulation baseball or softball that complies withNCAA rules at velocities up to 36 m/s (80 mph). The accuracy

26、of this system shall be such that the center of the ball will strikethe impacting surface within a 2.5-cm (1-in.) circle at the planeof testing. (A schematic diagram of a suggested apparatusappears in Fig. 2.)5.1.3 Gage, or similar device shall be included as a part ofthe apparatus so that the air p

27、ressure for each impact can bemonitored.5.2 Velocity MeasurementThe velocity of the baseball orsoftball shall be measured at a distance within 1 m (39.4 in.) ofthe impact point on the face guard when mounted on the helmetand headform. (Some suggested devices for measuring velocityare photocells, pho

28、totransistors, light-emitting diodes, or othervelocity meters with appropriate read-out devices.)5.3 Procedure:5.3.1 Ten face guards are to be tested. The face guards to betested are to be mounted on batting helmets in accordance withthe manufacturers specifications. Each of the ten face guard/helme

29、t assemblies is to be impacted one time as specified in thefollowing chart:SampleNumberSampleTemperatureImpact Location1366 2C(97 6 4F)directly at the mouth2366 2C(97 6 4F)directly at the right eye3366 2C(97 6 4F)directly at the left eye4366 2C(97 6 4F)random at structure, anywhere within Zones A or

30、BA5366 2C(97 6 4F)directly at the center of the largest opening, any-where within Zones A or BA6106 2C(50 6 4F)directly at the mouth7106 2C(50 6 4F)directly at the right eye8106 2C(50 6 4F)directly at the left eye9106 2C(50 6 4F)random at structure, anywhere within Zones A orBA10 10 6 2C(50 6 4F)dir

31、ectly at the center of the largest opening, any-where within Zones A or BAAFor random impacts, the head model position and direction of ball travel is atthe discretion of the technician provided that the direction of ball travel results in animpact that falls within Zones A or B of the head model te

32、st area.5.3.2 VelocityThe ball velocity for each impact in eachdirection shall be 30 6 2.2 m/s (67.1 6 4.9 mph).5.3.3 Verification of Ball ContactFor verification of ballor protector contact with the face, cover the entire facial areafrom the frontal bone superiorly to the mandible inferiorly withde

33、ntal pressure indicator paste.5(See Fig. 3.) Contact of eitherball or protector with any part of the face will leave paste at thepoint of contact. Inspect thoroughly both the ball and protectorto determine if they contain residue of paste.5.3.4 All of the impacts specified in 5.3.1 shall be made ate

34、ach of the two temperatures called for in 4.2.6. Precision and Bias6.1 No statement is made about either the precision or thebias of the test method described in Section 5 since the resultmerely states whether there is conformance to the criteria forsuccess specified in the procedure.7. Product Mark

35、ing7.1 Markings should show manufacturer, date of manufac-ture, and brands and model names of helmets on which theguard can be used to meet the requirements of this specifica-tion.7.2 Face guards offered for sale shall include detailedinstructions for their assembly, use, emergency removal, and awar

36、ning to users that the face guard must be discarded if, after2If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information toASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee1, which you may attend.3Th

37、e sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE),P.O. Box 12200, Overland Park, KS 66282-2290. (See Section NOCSAE Document.001 Standard Drop Test Method and Equipment Used in Evaluating the Perfo

38、r-mance Characteristics of Protective Headgear, Fig. 1.)4The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Standard Method of Impact Test and Performance Requirements for Baseball/Softball Batters Helmets, c/o National Operating Committee on Standards forAthletic Equip

39、ment (NOCSAE), P.O. Box 12200, Overland Park, KS 66282-2290.(See section describing test equipment apparatus.)5Available through dental supply sources.F910 04 (2010)5being impacted during use, or for any other reason, it showsany signs of damage, distortion from original shape, orweakening. In addit

40、ion, information shall be provided regard-ing any known harmful effects from cleaning agents, paintingagents, or antifog material.8. Keywords8.1 baseball; face guard; headform; helmet; NOCSAE;softballASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connec

41、tion with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsib

42、le technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful con

43、sideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100

44、Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).F910 04 (2010)6