ASTM F1250-2018 Standard Specification for Stationary Upright and Recumbent Exercise Bicycles and Upper and Total Body Ergometers.pdf

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1、Designation: F1250 18 An American National StandardStandard Specification forStationary Upright and Recumbent Exercise Bicycles andUpper and Total Body Ergometers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1250; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal

2、 adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe goal of this specification is to promote proper design and manu

3、facturing practices for stationaryupright and recumbent exercise bicycles and ergometers. Through these specifications, this specifi-cation aims to assist designers and manufacturers in reducing the possibility of injury when theseproducts are used in accordance with the operational instructions.The

4、 equipment user must recognize, however, that a standard alone will not necessarily preventinjuries. Like other physical activities, exercise involving this equipment involves the risk of injury,particularly if the equipment is used improperly or is not properly maintained. In addition, users withph

5、ysical limitations should seek medical advice and instruction from the fitness facility prior to usingthis equipment. Certain physical conditions or limitations may preclude some persons from using thisequipment as intended by the manufacturer, and using this equipment may increase the risk of injur

6、y.1. Scope1.1 This standard establishes parameters for the design andmanufacture of stationary upright and recumbent exercisebicycles and ergometers as defined in Section 3.1.2 It is the intent of this standard to specify fitness productsfor use only by an individual age 13 and older.1.3 This standa

7、rd is to be used in conjunction with Speci-fication F2276 and Test Methods F3023.1.4 This specification is intended to reduce the demon-strated hazards associated with the use of stationary exerciseupright and recumbent bicycles and ergometers.1.5 This specification is written to provide reasonable

8、safetystandards for the user of stationary upright and recumbentexercise bicycles and ergometers during storage, movement,entry, use and exit from the product.1.6 This standard does not apply to mechanisms that convertroad bicycles into indoor stationary bicycles.1.7 This specification2establishes a

9、dditional requirementsnot set forth in the referenced ASTM standards for the designof commercial fitness equipment to increase access and userindependence by people with functional limitations or impair-ments.1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values in parentheses

10、are for information only.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory

11、 limitations prior to use.1.10 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organi

12、zation TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3F1749 Specification for Fitness Equipment and Fitness Fa-cility Safety Signage and LabelsF2276 Specification for Fitness EquipmentF3021 Specification for Universal Design of Fitness Equip-ment for Inclusive

13、Use by Persons with Functional Limi-tations and Impairments1This safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 onSports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F08.30 on Fitness Products.Current edition approved June 1, 2018.

14、 Published July 2018. Originally approvedin 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F1250 13. DOI: 10.1520/F1250-18.2This work was funded, in part, by the Rehabilitation Engineering ResearchCenter on RecTech through the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living,and Rehabilitation

15、Research grant #90RE5009-01-00.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,

16、100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and

17、 Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1F3023 Test Methods for Evaluating Design and PerformanceCharacteristics of Stationary Upright and RecumbentExercise Bicycles and Upper Body Ergometers3. Terminology3.1 The terms listed below are uniq

18、ue to this specification.For terms not defined below, refer to Specifications F2276 andF3021.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 back support, npart of the user support means thatcomes in contact with the users back during operation.3.2.2 consumer exercise bicycle, nstationary exercise bi-cycle intended for use b

19、y one person or family unit in a homeenvironment.3.2.3 crank, nthe means that are provided on an exercisebicycle or ergometer to transmit motion from the users upperor lower body to the drive axle of the equipment.3.2.4 crank handle, na device designed to be held by thehand to rotate the ergometer c

20、rank while the user is performingthe exercise as intended by the manufacturer.3.2.5 cycle, nmovement of a point or load from a startingposition and back to the same starting position, through onecomplete revolution. This cycle being executed through the fullrange of intended motion.3.2.5.1 Discussio

21、nIn this standard, cycle is only used perthis definition and is not used to refer to a bicycle or ergometer.3.2.6 direct drive exercise bicycle, nstationary exercisebicycle wherein the flywheel is directly coupled to the pedalswithout the use of a freewheel mechanism, also referred to asfixed wheel

22、exercise bicycle. These exercise bicycles are oftenused in a “class” or group institutional setting.3.2.7 ergometer, nstationary exercise bicycle-like devicewhere the user is in a seated or standing position and engagesthe crank mechanism by hand as shown in Fig. 1 or theequipment may have both uppe

23、r body and lower body cranksas shown in Fig. 2. The unit may have a back support; similarto a recumbent bicycle that supports the users back.3.2.7.1 DiscussionUpper body ergometer is used tospecify an ergometer with only upper body components formotions. Total body ergometer is used to specify an er

24、gometerwith both upper and lower body components for motion.3.2.8 flywheel, na heavy wheel for opposing andmoderating, by its inertia, fluctuations of speed in the exercisebicycle on which it is mounted.3.2.9 freewheel, na mechanism that is designed to disen-gage the flywheel from the pedal mechanis

25、m in one direction.3.2.10 handlebar, nthe means that are provided to a userto enhance balance and stability by partially or substantiallysupporting the users weight with the users arms.3.2.11 handlebar stem, nconnection between the handle-bar and frame, often provided to adjust the height of thehand

26、lebar.3.2.12 institutional exercise bicycle, nstationary exercisebicycle intended for use by numerous persons in a commercialor institutional environment, as opposed to a consumer orresidential environment.3.2.13 pedal, na device designed to support the foot whilethe user is performing the exercise

27、as intended by themanufacturer, or while the user mounts or dismounts theequipment.3.2.14 recumbent exercise bicycle, nstationary exercisebicycle where the lower body exercise is performed with theuser in a seated position with their back against a back supportand with the crank more in front of the

28、 body than underneathit, for example, Fig. 3 versus Fig. 4.3.2.15 seat, ncomponent on which the user sits therebyproviding support for the users weight when in a sittingposture.3.2.16 seat post, nconnection between the seat and frame,often used to adjust the height of the seat.3.2.17 seat sleeve tub

29、e, nthe part of the frame where theseat post is inserted.FIG. 1 Upper Body Ergometer FIG. 2 Total Body ErgometerF1250 1823.2.18 seat support, nthe part of the seat post where theseat pad is secured or mounted.3.2.19 stationary exercise bicycle, nstationary trainingequipment that positions a users up

30、per or lower body in anupright or recumbent position to turn a directly coupled orconnected flywheel or freewheel crank mechanism with theusers feet.3.2.20 upright exercise bicycle, nstationary exercise bi-cycle where the lower body exercise is performed with the userin a seated position with the cr

31、ank more underneath the bodyand the crank being coupled to a freewheel mechanism, forexample, Fig. 3 versus Fig. 4.4. Equipment Types4.1 See Figs. 1-5 for equipment types.5. Design and Construction RequirementsNOTE 1In addition to the design and construction requirements setforth in Specification F2

32、276, the following requirements are applicable.5.1 Seat Post:5.1.1 Insertion DepthThe seat post for exercise bicyclesshall have a permanent line indicating the minimum insertiondepth of at least 1.5 times the largest cross section dimension(for example, diameter or longest dimension of the inserteds

33、eat post) into the seat sleeve tube.Amark is not required if theminimum insertion depth is provided by the design, that is, theseat post cannot be removed without the use of tools or thedesign prevents placement in a position that will not supportthe load requirement. Example: a slot in the insertio

34、n tube anda pin or bolt in the outer sleeve tube that prevents removal andwill only allow securing of the insertion tube at the minimuminsertion depth.5.1.2 The seat shall be adjustable as prescribed by themanufacturers specifications. The seat post shall be retainedby a clamp, pin, or similar means

35、.5.1.3 The seat shall be mounted onto the seat post with aseat support plate.NOTE 2This seat support plate is provided that protects the user fromimpalement in case of failure of the seat or seat post.5.1.4 The seat and seat post shall meet the intrinsic loadingrequirements of Specification F2276 wh

36、ere the loading factorto be applied is 2.5 for both consumer and institutionalequipment.5.2 Seat Deflection or TiltWhen properly adjusted for useaccording to the manufacturers specifications, and tested inaccordance with the test method, the seat shall not pivot in anupward, downward about or throug

37、h its connection meansthrough an angle greater than 2 612 when a load of 0.66times the maximum user body weight or 89.1 kg (196.4 lb),whichever is greater, is applied.FIG. 3 Recumbent Exercise BicycleFIG. 4 Upright Exercise BicycleFIG. 5 Direct Drive Exercise BicycleF1250 1835.3 Seat Back SupportThe

38、 seat back support shall with-stand a load applied to it in accordance with the test methodand per the specifications defined below, without breakage asdefined in Subsection 6.3 of Test Methods F3023. For con-sumer exercise bicycles this load shall be 1.0 times themaximum user weight (as defined by

39、the manufacturer) or 135kg (297.6 lb) whichever is greater. For institutional exercisebicycles, this load shall be 1.5 times the maximum user weight(as defined by the manufacturer) or 202.5 kg (446.4 lb)whichever is greater.5.4 Handlebar Stem Insertion Insertion DepthIf a ver-tical stem adjustment i

40、s used, the handlebar stem or equivalentshall have a permanent line indicating the minimum insertiondepth of at least 1.5 times the largest cross section dimension(for example, diameter or longest dimension of the insertedhandlebar stem).NOTE 3A mark is not required if the minimum insertion depth is

41、provided by the design (for example, the handlebar stem or equivalentcannot be removed without the use of tools) or if the design preventsplacement of the handlebar stem or equivalent in a position that will notsupport the load requirement.5.5 Handlebar Static Loading:5.5.1 Horizontal Axis Torque Ev

42、aluationIf a clampingretention system is used to retain the handlebars then thehandlebars shall not rotate about its longitudinal or lateralhorizontal axes when a moment of 61 N-m (45 ft-lb) is applied.5.5.2 Vertical Axis Torque EvaluationIf a clamping reten-tion system is used to retain the handleb

43、ars then the handlebarshall not rotate around its vertical axis when a moment of 47N-m (35 ft-lb) is applied.5.5.3 Handlebars shall withstand a loading of 0.3 times themaximum user body weight or 60.7 kg (133.8 lb) for institu-tional or 34.2 kg (75.4 lb) for consumer, whichever is greaterwithout bre

44、akage. Handlebars on direct drive exercise bicyclesshall withstand a loading of 1.5 times the maximum user bodyweight or 202.5 kg (446.4 lb) for institutional or 151.7 kg(334.4 lb) for consumer.5.5.4 Recumbent Seat Support HandlebarsConsumer andinstitutional recumbent exercise bicycle handlebars sha

45、ll with-stand a vertical load of 2.5 times the maximum user weightspecified by the manufacturer or 337.5 kg (744.1 lb) whicheveris greater without breakage.5.6 Pedals:5.6.1 Pedals shall have right hand/left hand symmetry.5.6.2 The surface of the pedal contacted by the user duringuse shall be slip-re

46、sistant.5.6.3 A minimum clearance of 60 mm (2.4 in.) shall beprovided below the pedals when they are in a horizontalposition at the lowest level.NOTE 4Flexible components (such a foot straps or flexible toe cages)are allowed to hang below the pedals as long as the non-flexiblecomponents maintain the

47、 60 mm (2.4 in.) minimum clearance.5.6.4 Pedals shall meet the static loading requirements ofSpecification F2276 where the loading factor to be used is 2.5for both consumer and institutional equipment.5.7 Pedal and Crank Endurance:5.7.1 Pedals and crank arms on the equipment defined inthis specifica

48、tion shall be tested for 1 000 000 vertical loadingcycles (institutional) or 500 000 vertical loading cycles (con-sumer). These loading cycles do not involve crank armrotation. The test load for each equipment type is providedbelow. There shall be no breakage throughout the cycle testingand the peda

49、l and crank arm assembly shall function asintended upon completion of the testing.5.7.1.1 Direct Drive Exercise Bicycle Pedal Test LoadsDirect drive exercise bicycle pedals shall endure a load ofweight 135 kg (297.6 lb) for institutional and 114 kg (251.3 lb)consumer or 1.0 times the maximum user weight specified bythe manufacturer, whichever is greater.5.7.1.2 Upright Exercise Bicycle Pedal Test LoadsUprightbicycle pedals shall endure a load of 101.3 kg (223.3 lb)institutional and 85.5 kg (188.5 lb) consumer or 0.75 times themaxim