[外语类试卷]考博英语模拟试卷74及答案与解析.doc

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1、考博英语模拟试卷 74及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 And yet here in front of our noses are deep-sea, carbon-based microbes _ hellish, almost Venus-like conditions. （ A） enabling to live in （ B） enable us to live in （ C） are able to live （ D） able to live in 2 In the service of knowledge, scientists also

2、 train the most skilled component of the work force _ to the employers. （ A） in no cases （ B） in a case （ C） at no cost （ D） at a cost 3 Todays scientists are no longer constrained simply by the laws of nature, _ in the past, but also by the laws (and attitudes) of the land. （ A） as generally the ca

3、se （ B） as was generally the case （ C） as long ago （ D） as expected 4 It is these skills that _ are being neglected in the arguments over ambiguity and the setting of guidelines for sound research practices. （ A） do I believe （ B） I believe （ C） I shall think （ D） I will think 5 Broad sanctions that

4、 _ Indian and Pakistani scientists from the West are a counterproductive response to the two nations unwelcome arrival in the nuclear club. （ A） could isolate （ B） may isolate （ C） isolated （ D） isolate 6 Second, interactivity: readers can adjust how they look at web pages, they can respond immediat

5、ely to what they are reading, and we can quickly react to _. （ A） a response （ B） no response （ C） this response （ D） that response 7 That community must now lead extensive reform of the regions universities and scientific institutions, rather than _ against it. （ A） entrench （ B） entrench themselve

6、s （ C） may entrench （ D） may entrench themselves 8 Although we have badly fouled our planetary next, _, it is by no means clear that our profligacy has as yet greatly changed the incidence of cancer. （ A） with good will （ B） at a rapid pace （ C） with woeful consequences （ D） at a special period 9 Ra

7、ther than allowing the government to control investments, true power, should be given to the people, allowing individually owned and privately managed investment accounts _.Individual Retirement Accounts. （ A） similar for （ B） familiar to （ C） similar to （ D） famous for 10 There are numerous studies

8、 showing that, in an efficient market, returns from stocks are determined by two factors, interest rates and the effectiveness of economic projects _.the enterprises whose shares investors purchase. （ A） underlined in （ B） undergone through （ C） undermined by （ D） undertaken by 11 This scenario is e

9、ither a huge hoax _ the American people or will require extreme reductions in discretionary spending including funding for science programs. （ A） persevered in （ B） persisted in （ C） perpetuated on （ D） permeated through 12 We have long speculated that if there are other warm, wet and cozy planets l

10、ike ours, they might _ carbon-based life like ours. （ A） harbor （ B） labor （ C） monitor （ D） toil 13 Thus, _ would Social Security trust fund investments in stocks not perform as well as expected, but all stock market investors and the national economy would suffer. （ A） nothing （ B） nothing more （

11、C） not the only （ D） not only 14 Until recently, such _ was limited to telephone questions and answers much like daytime talk shows. （ A） interspersion （ B） interactivity （ C） interference （ D） intermission 15 A firm _ to eliminating restrictive state interference and bureaucracy wherever possible,

12、and to introducing concrete measures aimed at creating a more competitive companies and their investors, is necessary for Frances economic health. （ A） enforcement （ B） commitment （ C） community （ D） enterprise 16 The initiative is supported by privacy advocates, but has been criticized by researche

13、rs and industry _, who argue that it would create damaging barriers to the use of patient information in research. （ A） speakers （ B） architects （ C） lobbyists （ D） designers 17 Education and experience in these areas may be necessary to train one competently to prescribe and monitor medications, an

14、d hence to decrease potential _. （ A） liberality （ B） libation （ C） freedom （ D） liability 18 By such demarcation, strong, representative national societies can then be left to do what they do best -_ young scientists development at national meetings, and represent their disciplines at the national

15、level. （ A） foster （ B） founder （ C） found （ D） foul 19 The intellectually _ enterprise of science depends on free communication. （ A） depressing （ B） depressed （ C） exhilarating （ D） exhilarated 20 Against the wishes of many smaller countries, Europe is _ a stable, if undesirable, situation lacking

16、 any coherent policy of transnational coordination in basic and strategic research-despite the European Commission. （ A） tightened with （ B） put fast into （ C） stuck fast in （ D） fastened with 21 Today, in contrast, we are often judged by humans with all the vagaries, special agendas, and inconsiste

17、ncies_. （ A） which follows （ B） that entails （ C） which includes （ D） that details 22 Human choice, not the intrinsic content of science, determines the outcome and scientists, as human beings, therefore have a special responsibility to provide council rooted in _. （ A） expiration （ B） explanation （

18、 C） expertise （ D） expenditure 23 In a sense, scientists and engineers in the past have been fortunate, for we became accustomed to being measured by nature itself an unwaveringly fair and consistent, _.unforgiving, judge. （ A） thus （ B） nevertheless （ C） therefore （ D） albeit 24 According to _ acro

19、ss the relevant research community, the published attack represents an extreme position in its demands for proof. （ A） soundings （ B） echoes （ C） sonar systems （ D） reflections 25 Stocks are not goods they merely are _, exchanging current cash flows for future ones. （ A） conducts （ B） conduction （ C

20、） conduits （ D） products 26 46, The bill would establish protection against and criminal and civil penalties for the improper _of protected patient information. （ A） discovery （ B） disappearance （ C） disclosing （ D） disclosure 27 Their issuance for psychologists will impact not only on the role of c

21、urrent practitioners, but on the training and justifying of future _, as well as the function and public image of the profession. （ A） one （ B） ones （ C） case （ D） cases 28 The reality is that the consumer is at the receiving end of the numerous impacts and _ generated by regulation. （ A） discussion

22、 （ B） regression （ C） repercussions （ D） progression 29 It is also because new technologies that have improved industrial productivity have made _ and layoffs possible as well. （ A） lessened （ B） lessening （ C） downsizing （ D） downsized 30 The policy was technology transfer, embodied in the innovati

23、on chain with its three great links invention, innovation, and_. （ A） diffusion （ B） diffidence （ C） indifference （ D） indigence 二、 Cloze 30 Its breakfast time at the elegant Hotel in Bangkok, and every table is full. Most of the patrons are foreigners visiting Thailand on business. In【 51】 corner i

24、s a contingent from a major Taiwan group, believed to be in town for talks【 52】 buying a stake in Bangkok bank, Thailands largest. Not far away are investment bankers and consultants, from Hong Kong and Singapore. Theyre in Thailand to take part in the【 53】 of decade. The scene is much the same in t

25、he ruins of Korea Inc., where there are plenty of【 54】companies shopping for bargains. Try【 55】 a room at the Hilton or the Inter-Continental in down-town Seoul: Virtually all their guests are foreigners and they re not on vocation. Yet for all the buzz about the Great Asian Fire Sale, of bargain-ba

26、sement prices wrought by weak currencies and【 56】 companies desperate for cash, few deals have actually been struck. Although the【 57】 of purchases is sure to grow, the question is【 58】 these perk up whole economies. For one thing, there are still【 59】 of legal obstacles notably cumbersome bankruptc

27、y procedures. Due diligence is taking an extremely long time, particularly when【 60】 buyers are looking at firms in debt. （ A） one （ B） other （ C） same （ D） another （ A） in （ B） on （ C） onto （ D） into （ A） treatment （ B） promise （ C） claim （ D） deal （ A） small （ B） large （ C） domestic （ D） foreign （

28、 A） shopping （ B） booking （ C） making （ D） dialing （ A） spotless （ B） pointed （ C） wounded （ D） completed （ A） figure （ B） number （ C） amount （ D） quantity （ A） whether （ B） if （ C） as if （ D） that （ A） great （ B） plenty （ C） many （ D） some （ A） private （ B） public （ C） superficial （ D） potential 40

29、 The phone rings at work. You pick it up and the caller【 61】 into a complaint: “I asked for a catalogue three weeks ago and I still dont have it! What kind of【 62】 are you running, anyway?“ Dont【 63】 explaining that half the staff is out with【 64】 flu. Well intentioned though they may be, such expla

30、nations usually add to the complainers【 65】 because they come across as excuses.【 66】 the complainer has a【 67】 gripe, avoid belaboring what went wrong.【 68】 , agree, apologize and then move on to what can be done about it. Simply【 69】 : “Youre right. Im sorry you havent received it yet. If I can ha

31、ve your name and address again. Ill【 70】 put it in the mail to you today.“ I recently【 71】 this approach firsthand. The reception area in my doctors office was full. The man across【 72】 me had already【 73】 the pile of tattered magazines and was squirming in his seat, looking at his watch every few m

32、inutes. Finally he marched to the receptionists window and【 74】 on the glass. “Whats going on?“ he demanded【 75】 , “I had an【 76】 for three o clock!“ “Youre right,“ said the receptionist, “Im sorry youve had to wait so long. The doctor was held up in surgery. Let me【 77】 the hospital to see how much

33、 longer hell be. I【 78】 your patience.“ Telling someone youre sorry doesnt mean youre admitting guilt. It simply acknowledges his frustration and defuses the complaint. Then by taking action and focusing on what【 79】 be done rather than what hasnt been done, you【 80】 a mistake before it gets bigger.

34、 （ A） comes （ B） flies （ C） launches （ D） brings （ A） office （ B） business （ C） company （ D） firm （ A） facilitate （ B） worry （ C） trouble （ D） bother （ A） the （ B） a （ C） some （ D） much （ A） disappointment （ B） aggravation （ C） understanding （ D） sympathy （ A） If （ B） Unless （ C） Although （ D） Given

35、 （ A） firm （ B） legal （ C） hostile （ D） legitimate （ A） However （ B） Further （ C） Instead （ D） Still （ A） accept （ B） say （ C） promise （ D） start （ A） readily （ B） earnestly （ C） personally （ D） happily （ A） witnessed （ B） practised （ C） experienced （ D） underwent （ A） toward （ B） beside （ C） before

36、 （ D） from （ A） scanned （ B） examined （ C） studied （ D） explored （ A） glared （ B） rapped （ C） took （ D） peered （ A） loudly （ B） doubtfully （ C） angrily （ D） rudely （ A） involvement （ B） operation （ C） examination （ D） appointment （ A） check （ B） ask （ C） call （ D） visit （ A） need （ B） envy （ C） conv

37、ey （ D） appreciate （ A） can （ B） must （ C） should （ D） will （ A） avoid （ B） cure （ C） improve （ D） remedy 三、 Reading Comprehension 60 Despite so many auspicious indicators, the America depicted in political and intellectual debate is invariably a place we should be building starships to flee. To the

38、 left, the United States remains a land of racial repression, corporate oligarchy, and environmental decay; to the right, a country where all things pure are collapsing. Such views hold considerable sway. Whitmans The Optimism Gap reports that 1996 polls showed that only 15 percent of Americans beli

39、eve the country is getting better. In similar polls, about half said the nation is worse off compared to how it was when their parents were growing up, and 60 percent believed the United States in which their children dwell will be worse still. Though most Americans are today healthier, better house

40、d, better fed, better paid, better educated, better defended, more free, and diverted by a cornucopia of new entertainment products and services, somehow theyve managed to convince themselves their parents had it better during the Dust Bowl. As Robert Samuelson noted in his skillful book, the revolu

41、tion of rising expectations has taken on a life of its own: “There can never be enough prosperity.“ Polls now suggest that, regardless of how much money an American has, he or she believes that twice as much is required. Samuelson further contends that one reason for all the unfocused anxiety is tha

42、t the media have gotten so much better at emphasizing things to worry about. Tropical storms that might hit the United States get more network coverage than any favorable turn of events. Television crime coverage, especially, now seems itched to cause civic fright, while movies and network entertain

43、ment programming depict violence as far more pervasive than it actually is. As Christopher Jencks, a professor of government at Harvard University. Notes: “When I was growing up there was violence on TV, but it was cowboys having shootouts. I never worried that rustlers world come over the hill into

44、 my neighborhood. Now the violence on television is presented as if its about to get you personally. Every screen you look, at home or in theaters, has something disastrous on it. No wonder people think the country is out of control.“ Conservative thinkers and politicians seem distressed by the cont

45、emporary milieu in part because Americans are more or less willingly adopting gender equality and cultural openness, including a culture in which minority writing and art are being admitted to the canon. The political and academic left cant stand the contemporary milieu in part because class war, ec

46、onomic breakdown, and environmental calamity seem less and less likely. “The left elites talk with obsessive negativism about the religious right because its one of the few things they can find to still get upset about,“ notes Orlando Patterson of Harvard. “The right elite is similarly obsessive abo

47、ut the supposed culture war, when all the evidence is that the United States is becoming ever more tolerant and ever more at peace with diversity.“ 61 The sentence “Such views hold considerable sway“ implies that _. （ A） US is a country with racial repression but without corporate oligarchy （ B） US

48、is a country with corporate oligarchy and environmental decay （ C） different positions are varying frequently （ D） different Standpoints are constantly found 62 The phrase “a cornucopia of“ (paragraph 1) means _. （ A） a sort of （ B） a variety of （ C） a duplication of （ D） A consumption of 63 In the

49、authors opinion, _. （ A） The prevailing Television crimes have frightened people （ B） The Television crimes have different social sources （ C） The violence on TV is often based on cowboys shootout （ D） TV watching makes people think the country is under control 64 It can be concluded from the last paragraph that _. （ A） there can always be enough prosperity in US （ B） the