[外语类试卷]2012年12月大学英语四级真题试卷(第2套)及答案与解析.doc
《[外语类试卷]2012年12月大学英语四级真题试卷(第2套)及答案与解析.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《[外语类试卷]2012年12月大学英语四级真题试卷(第2套)及答案与解析.doc(43页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、2012年 12月大学英语四级真题试卷(第 2套)及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Education Pays based on the statistics provided in the chart below (Unemployment rate in 2010). Please give a brief description of the chart first and then make
2、comments on it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Education Pays 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For
3、questions 1-7, mark: Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Should Sugar Be Regulated like Alcohol and Tobacco? S
4、ugar poses enough health risks that it should be considered a controlled substance just like alcohol and tobacco, argue a team of researchers from the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). In an opinion piece called “The Toxic (毒性的 ) Truth About Sugar“published Feb. 1 in Nature, Robert Lus
5、tig, Laura Schmidt and Claire Brindis argue that its wrong to consider sugar just “ empty calories. “ They write: “ There is nothing empty about these calories. A growing body of scientific evidence is showing that fructose (果糖 ) can trigger processes that lead to liver toxicity and a host of other
6、chronic diseases. A little is not a problem, but a lot kills slowly. “ Almost everyones heard of or personally experienced the well-known sugar high, so perhaps the comparison between sugar and alcohol or tobacco shouldnt come as a surprise. But its doubtful that Americans will look favorably upon r
7、egulating their favorite vice. Were a nation thats sweet on sugar: the average US adult downs 22 teaspoons of sugar a day, according to the American Heart Association, and surveys have found that teens swallow 34 teaspoons. To counter our consumption, the authors advocate taxing sugary foods and con
8、trolling sales to kids under 17. Already, 17% of US children and teens are obese (肥胖的 ), and across the world the sugar intake (摄入 ) has increased three times in the past 50 years. The increase has helped create a global obesity plague that contributes to 35 million annual deaths worldwide from noni
9、nfectious diseases including cancer, heart disease and diabetes. Linda Matzigkeit, a senior vice president at Childrens Healthcare, said “ We have to do something about this or our country is in danger. Its not good if your state has the second-highest obesity rate. Obese children turn into obese ad
10、ults. “ “ There are good calories and bad calories, just as there are good fats and bad fats, good amino acids (氨基酸 ) and bad amino acids,“ Lustig, director of the Weight Assessment for Teen and Child Health program at UCSF, said in a statement. “But sugar is toxic beyond its calories. “ The food in
11、dustry tries to imply that “ a calorie is a calorie,“ says Kelly Brownell, director of the Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity at Yale University. “ But this and other research suggests there is something different about sugar,“ says Brownell. The UCSF report emphasizes the metabolic (新陈代谢的 ) ef
12、fects of sugar. Excess sugar can alter metabolism, raise blood pressure, affect the signaling of hormones and damage the liver outcomes that sound suspiciously similar to what can happen after a person drinks too much alcohol. Schmidt, co-chair of UCSFs Community Engagement and Health Policy program
13、, noted on CNN: “ When you think about it, this actually makes a lot of sense. Alcohol, after all, is simply made from sugar. Where does vodka come from? Sugar. “ But there are also other areas of impact that researchers have investigated: the effect of sugar on the brain and how liquid calories are
14、 interpreted differently by the body than solids. Research has suggested that sugar activates the same reward pathways in the brain as traditional drugs of abuse like morphine or heroin. No one is claiming the effect of sugar is quite that strong, but, says Brownell, “ it helps confirm what people t
15、ell you sometimes, that they hunger for sugar and have withdrawal symptoms when they stop eating it. “ Theres also something particularly tricky about sugary drinks. “ When calories come in liquids, the body doesnt feel as full,“ says Brownell. “ People are getting more of their calories than ever b
16、efore from sugared drinks. “ Other countries, including France, Greece and Denmark, impose soda taxes, and the concept is being considered in at least 20 US cities and states. Last summer, Philadelphia came close to passing a 2-cents-per-ounce soda tax. The Rudd Center has been a strong advocate of
17、a more modest 1 -cent-per-ounce tax. But at least one study, from 2010, has raised doubts that soda taxes would result in significant weight loss: apparently people who are determined to eat and drink unhealthily will find ways to do it. Teens no surprise are good at finding ways to get the things t
18、hey cant have, so state policies banning all sugar-sweetened drinks from public schools and providing only water, milk or 100% fruit juices havent had the intended effect of steering kids away from drinking sugared drinks: the average teen consumes about 300 calories per day thats nearly 15% of his
19、daily calories in sweetened drinks, and the food and drink industry is only too happy to feed this need. Ultimately, regulating sugar will prove particularly tricky because it goes beyond health concerns; sugar, for so many people, is love. A plate of cut-up vegetables just doesnt pack the same emot
20、ional punch as a tin of home-made chocolate chip cookies (饼干 ) , which is why I took my daughter out for a cupcake and not an apple as an after-school treat today. We dont do that regularly its the first time this school year, actually and thats what made it special. As a society, could we ever reac
21、h the point where wed think apples not a cupcake are something to get excited over? Says Brindis, one of the reports authors and director of UCSFs Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies: “ We recognize that there are cultural and celebratory aspects of sugar. Changing these patterns is ve
22、ry complicated. “ For inroads (进展 ) to be made, say the authors in their statement, people have to be better educated about the hazards of sugar and agree that somethings got to change: Many of the interventions (干预 ) that have reduced alcohol and tobacco consumption can be models for addressing the
23、 sugar problem, such as imposing special sales taxes, controlling access, and tightening licensing requirements on vending machines (自动售货机 ) and snack-bars that sell high sugar products in schools and workplaces. “ Were not talking prohibition,“ Schmidt said. “ Were not advocating a major imposition
24、 of the government into peoples lives. Were talking about gentle ways to make sugar consumption slightly less convenient, thereby moving people away from the concentrated dose. What we want is to actually increase peoples choices by making foods that arent loaded with sugar comparatively easier and
- 1.请仔细阅读文档,确保文档完整性,对于不预览、不比对内容而直接下载带来的问题本站不予受理。
- 2.下载的文档,不会出现我们的网址水印。
- 3、该文档所得收入(下载+内容+预览)归上传者、原创作者;如果您是本文档原作者,请点此认领!既往收益都归您。
下载文档到电脑,查找使用更方便
2000 积分 0人已下载
下载 | 加入VIP,交流精品资源 |
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 外语类 试卷 2012 12 大学 英语四 级真题 答案 解析 DOC
