[外语类试卷]2007年中国社科院考博英语真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2007年中国社科院考博英语真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The public might well sanction a wider range of programming than would strictly be implied by the “gap-filling “approach, but this is not certain. （ A） view （ B） approve （ C） coerce （ D） insist 2 Petrazzinis main concern is not so much cultural

2、homogenization associated with the spread of the Internet, but an exacerbation of the gap between young and old and between spread of the Internet （ A） uniformity （ B） discrepancy （ C） convention （ D） distinction. 3 The history helps explain the vexing dispute between the European Union and the Unit

3、ed States over the greatest threat to privacy yet conceived:the hundreds of millions of personal dossiers in computerized and networked databases. （ A） troublesome （ B） astonishing （ C） everlasting （ D） conflicting 4 There were not personal goals.no desire to get ahead or to leave something behind.

4、There were only Gods decrees to be faithfully carried out （ A） orders （ B） petitions （ C） prophets （ D） queries 5 Lee Ford and Dan Brooks, a London-based creative and development team, came up with an “edgy “Volkswagen spot for a demo: a terrorist tries to detonate a car bomb outside a crowded caf.

5、（ A） ignite （ B） stain （ C） impede （ D） ascribe 6 The music indicates the way in which Mozart was developing his ideas in 1773 as he attempted to shake off his reputation as a child prodigy and be taken seriously as a composer. （ A） bedlamite （ B） betrayer （ C） genius （ D） jailor 7 Kelly fought depr

6、ession, her sister struggled against violent tendencies, and their only physical touches theyd ever known from their parents were abusive. （ A） cordial （ B） fastidious （ C） sadistic （ D） absurd 8 Browse one of the websites that hosts them, like You Tube or Google Vides.and youll see drunken karaoke,

7、 babies being born, plane crashes, freakish sports accidents and far, far stranger things. （ A） elegant （ B） fraternal （ C） frantic （ D） bizarre 9 There were still a few surprises, as a squeal here and there in the dark announced, but we did learn to “see with our feet“ lessons in trail Braille. （ A

8、） divergence （ B） scream （ C） gradation （ D） strand 10 He hasnt analyzed why he tips so generously, but I think the proclivity stems from his high school years, when he worked as a busboy. （ A） predilection （ B） prosperity （ C） premeditation （ D） preamble 11 In a competitive and fast-paced modern so

9、ciety, busy business executives are so_their work that they hardly know what the word leisure means. （ A） engrossed in （ B） exempt from （ C） skeptical of （ D） extraneous to 12 But the depth of a novel and the value of its artistic and ideological feature do not depend on the theme-either_or signific

10、ant （ A） versatile （ B） trivial （ C） preliminary （ D） alternate 13 It is always_in some ways, because if it were performed as a primitive fending-off or covering-up action, it would obviously be too transparent （ A） scrupulous （ B） clamorous （ C） intrinsic （ D） camouflaged 14 She often remains coldl

11、y remote from him;probably his badly scarred face produced an involuntary feeling of_, in his neighbor. （ A） discordance （ B） deliberation （ C） perversity （ D） repulsion 15 For us it is a big and dark secret;to_it would be to jeopardize our future, confessed an avi-aphobe who is currently undergoing

12、 therapy. （ A） divulge （ B） recall （ C） retain （ D） duplicate 16 The charitable acts of their boss used to be greatly praised by the people. However, ruthless company downsizing drives and continued layoffs, coupled with rising pay for top managers, have made him look a good deal less_. （ A） discour

13、teous （ B） prudent （ C） benevolent （ D） obstinate 17 Most of us go through life adding_to knowledge, polishing a concept here or there, doing an experiment, contributing a few leaves or, if we are lucky, a twig to the tree of knowledge. （ A） impartially （ B） impassably （ C） incrementally （ D） melodi

14、ously 18 The only way he could do it-and by “it“ he means achieving the level of fame enjoyed by Martin, who is so famous that his infant daughter, Apple, is better known than the rest of Coldplay combined is by getting into some kind of trouble, and it could only be infamy, which is of course, _. （

15、 A） preposterous （ B） preludial （ C） precise （ D） preponderant 19 So the most_ scientist alive at that time who symbolized the height of human intellect adopted what became his last message-this manifesto, which implored governments and the public not to allow our civilization to be destroyed by hum

16、an folly. （ A） fastidious （ B） eminent （ C） anonymous （ D） waggish 20 The novel will be read a long time for its minute and almost uncanny insight into army life, its_dialogue, its sheer narrative pull, its portrayal of the tenderness that sometimes is found beneath the crudest animal drives, its ab

17、sence of mock heroics, its comic absurdities and irony and, above all else, its revelation of the perversity of human nature in the face of evil. （ A） pungent （ B） notorious （ C） anticlimactic （ D） shaky 二、 Grammar 21 The police kept asking me to repeat the story of how I found the scroll, and they

18、kept telling me that I was changing it and tripping me_. （ A） for （ B） on （ C） up （ D） in 22 The budget crunch has put extra pressure on nearly everyone at this storied campusbesieged administrators _to lure minority applicants, students frantically_money to cover fee hikes, department heads trying

19、to staunch a faculty brain drain and office staffers worried that a stalemate in Sacramento means no money for the mortgage at home. （ A） to struggle, to seek （ B） struggled, sought （ C） struggle, seek （ D） struggling, seeking 23 If youre a regular reader of blogs.or indeed of any kind of news websi

20、te, youve probably been frustrated from time to time by information overload: the blogosphere creates_material for any human being to comfortably_. （ A） too much, digest （ B） not much, digest （ C） too little.be digested （ D） not much.be digested 24 When deposits are federally insured, people no long

21、er rush to withdraw their money if they_the financial condition of their bank. （ A） become concerned about （ B） become concerned with （ C） become concerned in （ D） concern 25 Over and over in War of the Worlds, he evokes the sensation, more familiar from dreams than movies, _an otherworldly entity,

22、glimpsed from a great distance, _suddenly, violently clawing its way into your personal space. （ A） that, is （ B） is, which （ C） that, being （ D） which, being 26 As the generations progress, feather length will increase because females do not prefer a specific length tail, but a longer-than-average

23、tall. Eventually tail length will increase to the point_the liability survival is matched by the sexual attractiveness of the trait and an equilibrium will be established. （ A） that （ B） where （ C） which （ D） / 27 Never far from positions of influence, wealthier from his broadcasting activities_the

24、biggest moguls, he is in many ways on the edge of things. （ A） than all but （ B） as all but （ C） but than all （ D） but as all 28 _a rigid, unidirectional mode of demystification which saw all such other modes as subsidiary and peripheral, it began to see all alternatives to its mode of demystificati

25、on as conspiracies against human good. （ A） Modern science not only gradually develops （ B） Not only did modem science gradually develop （ C） Now that modem science gradually developed （ D） Only did modem science develop 29 One theory is that too much vitamin E_bleeding risk, which would_the risk of

26、 a type of Stroke, while another theory suggests that at high doses vitamin E stops working like an antioxidant, removing harmful molecules in the body, and instead becomes a pro-oxidant, actually promoting the production of harmful molecules, （ A） decreases, decrease （ B） increases, increase （ C） d

27、ecreases, increase （ D） increases, decrease 30 Nor, indeed, do all these guardians of tradition have to exert much pressure on the principal players, since the expectations of their social world have long ago been built into their own projections of the future they want precisely_society expects of

28、them. （ A） that which （ B） that （ C） which （ D） what that 31 The repetitions that concern Domhoff A(pertains) largely to repetitions within an individuals dream history. But there is B(a sense in which) all dreamers dream C(each others dreams) in the form of so-called universal dreams, which are D(t

29、he equivalent of) literary archetypes. 32 The Nature commentary says scientists working on aging now have to A(take into account the) prospect that B(“drug-related approaches) to C(interfere with) this process may come at a price the disruption of our natural mechanism for D(keeping cancer to bay).

30、“ 33 The work confirms hints A(that) had already been emerging in the scientific literature in recent years that p53 and related proteins might play an important role in life, but the new paper is B(far more detailed) and, scifientists say, more compelling C(that) anything D(published previously). 3

31、4 A(For) all the fretting about outsourcing and B(trade deficits) in the United States, MTV offers a C(highly-end) case study in how to export what seems, at first glance, to be D(a uniquely American brand.) 35 The trend to A(empty a library) is being B(driven), academicians and librarians say, by t

32、he C(dwindling) need for undergraduate libraries, D(many of them) were built when leading research libraries were reserved for graduate students and faculty. 36 Dr. ElBaradei said his hope is that the Nobel Peace Prize will A(serve to help) the internationalcommnunity and to achieve the goal of deve

33、loping a functional system of global security that does not B(derive from) C(a nuclear weap ons deterrent), D(would rather) based on addressing the security concerns of all people. 37 DDT, the most powerful pesticide the world A(has ever known), exposed natures vulnera-bility. Unlike most pesticides

34、, B(whose effectiveness is) C(limited to destroy) one or two types of insects, DDT D(is capable of killing) hundreds of different kinds at once. 38 For it is “everybody“ , a whole society, A(which), has identified B(being) feminine with C(caring about) how one looks. D(Given) these-stereotypes, it i

35、s no wonder that beauty enjoys, at best, a rather mixed reputation. 39 The research also raises the possibility that younger people A(treat) successfully for cancer B(with chemotherapy) may be C(subject to) premature aging later in life, a possibility that has D(never been) rigorously examined. 40 W

36、e peer out beyond our world to glimpse objects that lie A(at the very edge of) the universe, B(stars teetering tantalizingly) on the beginning of time. We peer inward to our own genome, swiftly unraveling the puzzle of C(what tiny bit of) chemical code D(manifests themselves as)appearance, ten-dency

37、, advantage and liability in the marvelous human creature. 三、 Reading Comprehension 40 I have observed that the Americans show a less decided taste for general ideas than the French. This is especially true in politics. Although the Americans infuse into their legislation far more general ideas than

38、 the English, and although they strive more than the latter to adjust the practice of affairs to theory.no political bodies in the U-nited States have ever shown so much love for general ideas as the Constituent Assembly and the Convention in France. At no time has the American people laid hold on i

39、deas of this kind with the passionate energy of the French people in the eighteenth century, or displayed the same blind confidence in the value and absolute truth of any theory. This difference between the Americans and the French originates in several causes, but principally in the following one.

40、The Americans are a democratic people who have, always directed public affairs themselves. The French are a democratic people who for a long time could only speculate on the best manner of conducting them. The social condition of the French led them to conceive very general ideas on the subject of g

41、overnment, while their political constitution prevented them from correcting those ideas by experiment and from gradually detecting their insufficiency; whereas in America the two things constantly balance and correct each other. It may seem at first sight that this is very much opposed to what I ha

42、ve said before, that democratic nations derive their love of theory from the very excitement of their active life. A more attentive-examination will show that there is nothing contradictory in the proposition. Men living in democratic countries eagerly lay hold of general ideas because they have but

43、 little leisure and because these ideas spare them the trouble of studying particulars. This is true, but it is only to be understood of those matters which are not the necessary and habitual subjects of their thoughts. Mercantile men will take up very eagerly, and without any close scrutiny, all th

44、e general ideas on philosophy, politics, science, or the arts which may be presented to them;but for such as relate to commerce, they will not receive them with-out inquiry or adopt them without reserve. The same thing applies to statesman with regard to general ideas in politics. If, then, there is

45、 a subject upon which a democratic people is peculiarly liable to abandon itself, blindly and extravagantly, to general ideas, the best corrective that can be used will be to make that subject a part of their daily practical occupation. They will then be compelled to enter into details, and the deta

46、ils will teach them the weak points of the theory. This remedy may frequently be a painful one, but its effect is certain. Thus it happens that the democratic institutions which compel every citizen to take a practical part in the government moderate that excessive taste for general theories in poli

47、ties which the principle of equality suggests. 41 According to the writer, what kinds of ideas have been favored by the French people? （ A） Political ideas that can be adjusted to the practice of government （ B） Concrete ideas that they believe to be truthful. （ C） General ideas in political affairs

48、. （ D） Eighteenth century ideas. 42 Why do the Americans show less enthusiasm for general ideas man the French? （ A） The French constitution did not allow for experiment （ B） In America, the constitution provides checks and balances. （ C） The social conditions in France led to different ideas. （ D）

49、The Americans have always been in charge of their own public affairs. 43 Some people in democratic countries prefer general ideas because_. （ A） in politics it is easier to study general ideas （ B） general ideas on different subjects are more interesting （ C） mercantile men prefer general ideas on philosophy, politics, science and the arts （ D） they do not have time to address details 44 What does the writer think would inhibit peoples preference for