ASTM B37-2018 Standard Specification for Aluminum for Use in Iron and Steel Manufacture《钢铁制造用铝的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: B37 17B37 18Standard Specification forAluminum for Use in Iron and Steel Manufacture1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B37; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.An

2、umber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers aluminum-alloy deoxidizing products of all compositions in the form of ingots, bars, rods, cones,nuggets, shot,

3、 or stars, for use in the manufacture of iron and steel. Six of the most commonly used deoxidizing productcompositions are designated as shown in Table 1.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI u

4、nits that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental pract

5、ices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Rec

6、ommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B660 Practices for Packaging/Packing of Aluminum and Magnesium ProductsB666/B666M Practice for Identification Marking of Aluminum and Magnesium ProductsB881 Termi

7、nology Relating to Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy ProductsD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with SpecificationsE34 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum-Base Alloys (Withdrawn 2017)3E607 Test Me

8、thod for Atomic Emission Spectrometric Analysis Aluminum Alloys by the Point to Plane Technique NitrogenAtmosphere (Withdrawn 2011)3E716 Practices for Sampling and Sample Preparation of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys for Determination of ChemicalComposition by Spark Atomic Emission SpectrometryE1251 T

9、est Method for Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry2.2 Other Standards:4CEN EN 14242 Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys Chemical Analysis Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical EmissionSpectral Analysis3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsRefer to Terminology B881 for definit

10、ions of product terms used in this specification.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 bar, na form of aluminum deoxidizing product with a rectangular cross section, similar to the appearance of a brick.3.2.2 cone, na form of aluminum deoxidizing product with a round flat base and

11、 a pointed end.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.01 on AluminumAlloy Ingots and Castings.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2017May 1, 2018. Published October 2017May 2018. Originally app

12、roved in 1920. Last previous edition approved in 20132017 asB37 08 (2013).B37 17. DOI: 10.1520/B0037-17.10.1520/B0037-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer

13、 to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.4 Available from European Committee for Standardization, Central Secretariat (CEN), 36 rue de Stassart, B1050 Brussels, Belgium., www.cenorm.be.This docum

14、ent is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as a

15、ppropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United

16、States13.2.3 deox, na common or commercial term used in place of aluminum deoxidizing product.3.2.4 nugget, na form of aluminum deoxidizing product with a non-uniform (lump) shape.3.2.5 notch bar, na form of aluminum deoxidizing product with a rectangular cross section and one side having regularlyp

17、aced indentations.3.2.6 shot, na form of aluminum deoxidizing product with a spheroid appearance of a pellet.3.2.7 star, na form of aluminum deoxidizing product with a star shape with a tapered hole in the center.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include t

18、he following:4.1.1 This specification designation (which includes the number, the year, and the revision letter, if applicable),4.1.2 Grade of material (see Table 1),4.1.3 Form of material (ingot, bar, rod, cone, nugget, or shot),4.1.4 Any required dimensional or weight limitations for the material,

19、 and4.1.5 The quantity in either pieces or pounds (kilograms).4.2 Additionally, orders for material to this specification shall include the following information when required by thepurchaser:4.2.1 Special packaging (see Section 78),4.2.2 Whether Practices B660 applies and, if so, the levels of pres

20、ervation, packaging and packing required (see 7.48.4),4.2.3 Whether Practice D3951 applies (see 7.48.4),4.2.4 If inspection is required at manufacturers plant (see 89),4.2.5 Whether certificate of conformance is required (see 6.2 and 10.111.1), and4.2.6 Whether a certified chemical analysis is requi

21、red (see 6.2 and 6.4).5. Quality Assurance5.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase order, the producer shall be responsible for the performance of allinspections and test requirements specified herein. Unless disapproved by the purchaser, the producer may use his own or any othersu

22、itable facilities for the performance of the inspection and test requirements specified herein. The purchaser shall have the rightto perform any of the inspections and tests set forth in this specification where such inspections are deemed necessary to confirmthat the material conforms to prescribed

23、 requirements.5.2 All testing shall be performed in accordance to applicable ASTM test methods.5.3 The material covered by this specification shall be free of dross, slag, and other harmful contamination.5.4 Shot:5.4.1 Hollow shells shall not exceed 10 % by count in a minimum sample of 340 shot. The

24、 surface of material in shot form shallbe free from a heavy oxidized coating.TABLE 1 Chemical Composition LimitsA, BGradeComposition, %Aluminum,min, byDifferenceCopper,maxZinc,maxMagnesium,maxTotal of AllImpurities,max990A 99.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.0980A 98.0 0.2 0.2 0.5 2.0950A 95.0 1.5 1.5 1.0 5.0920A 92

25、.0 4.0 1.5 1.0 8.0900A 90.0 4.5 3.0 2.0 10.0850A 85.0 5.0 5.5 2.5 15.0AAnalysis shall be made only for copper, zinc, magnesium, silicon, and iron unlessthe determination of additional elements is required by the contract or order, or thepresence of other elements in substantial concentration is indi

26、cated during thecourse of the analysis. In the latter case, the amount of these other elements shallbe determined, reported, and the total of copper, zinc, magnesium, silicon, iron,and “other elements” shall not exceed the specified amount prescribed in the lastcolumn of the table. Unless otherwise

27、specified in the contract or order, 0.2 % ormore of any “other element” shall constitute a “substantial concentration” andrequire that element to be reported.B The following applies to all specified limits in this table: For purposes ofdetermining conformance to these limits, an observed value or a

28、calculated valueobtained from analysis shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-handplace of figures used in expressing the specified limit in accordance with therounding-off method of Practice E29.B37 1825.4.2 The bulk density of shot shall not be less than 90 lb/ft3.6. Chemical Compo

29、sition6.1 LimitsThe average analysis of each lot of material shall conform to the chemical composition limits specified in Table 1.Conformance shall be determined by the producer by taking samples in accordance with E716 at the time ingots, bars, rods, cones,nuggets shot, or stars are poured and ana

30、lyzed in accordance with Test Methods E607, E1251, or E34, or CEN EN 14242. Theaverage analysis shall be determined from the analytical results of all samples taken from that cast. If the producer has determinedthe chemical composition of the material during casting, they shall not be required to sa

31、mple and analyze the finished product.6.2 When an actual chemical analysis or a certificate of conformance is required with a shipment, it shall be called for in thecontract or purchase order.6.3 Lot DefinitionA lot shall be defined as follows:6.3.1 A “lot” in a batch process shall consist of that p

32、roduct produced in a continuous cast from one furnace or ladle. Once thefurnace or ladle has been alloyed and casting starts, no hardeners, liquid or solid material shall be added to the furnace or ladle.6.3.2 A “lot” in a continuous process shall consist of that product produced during a continuous

33、 cast from one furnace duringa period of up to 24 hours. Additions of hardeners, liquid or solid material are added to the furnace during the casting of product.6.3.3 Any manufacturing change in the furnace, casting equipment or continuity of operation, which potentially affects theproduct character

34、istics defined by this specification shall be considered as the start of a new lot.6.4 When lots are mixed, the certified chemical composition of a composite lot shall be the weighted average of the certifiedchemical compositions from each lot that is contained in the composite lot.6.5 Sampling Freq

35、uencyThe frequency of samples taken for determination of chemical composition shall be as follows:6.5.1 When samples are taken at the time the molten metal is made into shot, rod, bar, nuggets, cones, ingot, or stars, at leastone sample shall be taken from each source of molten metal.6.5.2 In a batc

36、h production process, samples shall be taken periodically throughout the production of each lot. Each sample shallbe representative of approximately equal volumes of the material. The frequency of sampling shall be not less than one samplefor every 20 % of the volume of the furnace or ladle from whi

37、ch the material is being poured with a minimum of three samplesper lot.6.5.3 In a continuous production process, samples shall be taken periodically throughout the production of each lot. Each sampleshall be representative of approximately equal volumes of the material. The frequency of sampling sha

38、ll be not less than onesample for every 20 % of the volume of the furnace or ladle from which the material is being poured with a minimum of fivesamples per lot.6.5.4 In either the batch or continuous production process the maximum elapsed time between determinations shall not exceed8 hours.6.6 Samp

39、ling of Finished ProductIf it becomes necessary to analyze finished product for conformance to chemicalcomposition limits, the method used to sample product for the determination of chemical composition shall be by agreementbetween the producer and the purchaser.6.6.1 The number of samples taken for

40、 determination of chemical composition shall be as follows:6.6.1.1 When the metal is shipped in truck load or larger lots of the same grade and cast, not less than five samples shall betaken at random from the truck load for sampling. If the shipment is in less than truck load lot or in mixed grades

41、, one sampleshall be taken for each 6000 lb (2700 kg) or fraction thereof.6.7 Analysis shall be performed in accordance with E716, E607, E1251, E34, or CEN EN 14242 (ICP method).6.8 Other methods of analysis or in the case of a dispute the method of analysis shall be agreed upon by the producer and

42、thepurchaser.7. Product Marketing7.1 Unless otherwise specified, each casting shall be marked with the applicable drawing or part number. The marking shallconsist of raisedArabic numerals, and when applicable capital letters, cast integral. The location of the iden tification marking shallbe as spec

43、ified on the applicable drawing. When the location is not specified on the drawing, the drawing/part number shall beplaced in a location mutually agreeable to the purchaser and producer. Government applications shall be marked in accordance withPractice B666/B666M.8. Packaging, Marking, and Shipping

44、8.1 The material shall be packaged in such a manner as to prevent damage in ordinary handling and transportation. The typeof packaging and gross weight of individual containers shall be left to the discretion of the producer unless otherwise agreed upon.Packaging methods and containers shall be so s

45、elected as to permit maximum utility of mechanical equipment in unloading andsubsequent handling. Each package or container shall contain only one size and one grade of material when packed for shipmentunless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaser and producer.B37 1838.2 Each package or contain

46、er shall be legibly marked with the purchase order number, quantity, specification number, grade,gross and net weights, and the name of the producer.8.3 Packages or containers shall be such as to ensure acceptance by common or other carriers for safe transportation at thelowest rate to the point of

47、delivery.8.4 When specified in the contract or purchase order, material shall be preserved, packaged and packed in accordance with therequirements of Practices B660. The applicable levels shall be as specified in the contract or order. Marking for shipment of suchmaterial shall be in accordance with

48、 Practice D3951.8.5 Material intended for prolonged storage in unheated locations shall be adequately packed and protected to avoiddeterioration and damage.9. Source Inspection9.1 If the purchaser elects to make an inspection of production or the material at the manufacturers works, it shall be so s

49、tatedin the contract or purchase order.9.2 If the purchaser elects to have inspection made at the producers facilities, the manufacturer shall afford the inspector allreasonable facilities to satisfy him that the material is being furnished in accordance with this specification and/or the requirementsof the contract. All tests and inspection shall be so conducted as not to interfere unnecessarily with the operation of the works.10. Rejection and Rehearing10.1 Any ingots, bars, rods, cones, nuggets, or shot that at the time of receipt does not conform to the