ASTM B367-2009 Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Castings《钛和钛合金铸件的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: B 367 09Standard Specification forTitanium and Titanium Alloy Castings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 367; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in p

2、arentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers titanium and titanium alloycastings in

3、tended for general corrosion resistant and industrialapplications.1.2 This specification is intended for use of purchasersand/or producers of reactive metal castings for defining therequirements and assuring the properties of castings for uniquecorrosion-resistant applications, that is, not for comm

4、odityitems which must meet all potential purchasers requirements.1.2.1 Users are advised to use the specification as a basis forobtaining castings which will meet minimum acceptancerequirements established and revised by consensus of themembers of the committee.1.2.2 User requirements considered mor

5、e stringent may bemet by the addition to the purchase order of one or moresupplementary requirements, which may include, but are notlimited to, those listed in Sections S1 through S8.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathemat

6、icalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 802/A 802M Practice for Steel Castings, Surface Accep-tance Standards, Visual ExaminationE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE10 Test Me

7、thod for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materi-alsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of MetallicMaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE94 Guide for Radiographic ExaminationE 142 Test Method for Controlling Quality of Radiographic

8、Testing3E 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant ExaminationE 446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in.51 mm in ThicknessE 539 Test Method for X-Ray Fluorescence SpectrometricAnalysis of 6Al-4V Titanium AlloyE 1409 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen andNitrogen in Titanium and Tita

9、nium Alloys by the Inert GasFusion TechniqueE 1447 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen inTitanium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion Ther-mal Conductivity/Infrared Detection MethodE 1941 Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refrac-tory and Reactive Metals and Their AlloysE 2371 Test

10、 Method for Analysis of Titanium and TitaniumAlloys by Atomic Emission Plasma SpectrometryE 2626 Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive andRefractory Metals3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 lot, nshall consist of all castings of the same designproduced from

11、 the same pour.3.1.2 pour, nshall consist of all material melted and castat one time.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for castings to this specification shall include thefollowing as required, to describe the requirements adequately:4.1.1 Description of the castings by pattern number ordrawing. Dim

12、ensional tolerances shall be included on thecasting drawing,4.1.2 Quantity,4.1.3 Grade designation (see Table 1),1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 onReactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee B10.01 on Titanium.Current

13、edition approved May 1, 2009. Published June 2009. Originallyapproved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as B 367 08b.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume informa

14、tion, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsCompositi

15、on, Weight PercentA,B,C,D,EGradeCarbon,max.Oxygenrangeor max.Nitrogen,max.Hydrogen,max.Ironrangeor max. Aluminum Vanadium Palladium Ruthenium Nickel Molybdenum Chromium Cobalt Zirconium Niobium Tin SiliconOtherElements,max.eachOtherElements,max.totalC-2 0.10 0.40 0.05 0.015 0.20 - - - - - - - - - -

16、- - 0.1 0.4C-3 0.10 0.40 0.05 0.015 0.25 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4C-5 0.10 0.25 0.05 0.015 0.40 5.5-6.75 3.5-4.5 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4C-6 0.10 0.20 0.05 0.015 0.50 4.0-6.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2.0-3.0 - - 0.1 0.4C-7 0.10 0.40 0.05 0.015 0.20 - - 0.12-0.

17、25 - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4C-8 0.10 0.40 0.05 0.015 0.25 - - 0.12-0.25 - - - - - - - - - - -C-9 0.10 0.20 0.05 0.015 0.25 2.5-3.5 2.0-3.0 - - - - - - - - - - - -C-12 0.10 0.25 0.05 0.015 0.30 - - - - - - - - 0.6-0.9 0.2-0.4 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4C-16 0.10 0.18 0.03 0.015 0.30 - - - - 0.04-

18、0.08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4C-17 0.10 0.20 0.03 0.015 0.25 - - - - 0.04-0.08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4C-18 0.08 0.20 0.03 0.015 0.25 2.5-3.5 2.0-3.0 0.04-0.08 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4C-38 0.08 0.20-0.30 0.03 0.015 1.2-1.8 3.5-4.5 2.0-3.0 - - -

19、 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.4AAt minimum, one pour analysis shall be completed and reported for all elements listed for the respective grade in this table.BIf the casting is subjected to thermal or chemical processing following the pour, final product hydrogen shall be reported in lieu

20、of pour hydrogen. Lower hydrogen may be obtained by negotiation with the manufacturer.CSingle values are maximum. The percentage of titanium is determined by difference.DOther elements need not be reported unless the concentration level is greater than 0.1 % each, or 0.4 % total. Other elements may

21、not be added intentionally. Other elements may be present in titanium or titaniumalloys in small quantities and are inherent to the manufacturing process. In titanium these elements typically include aluminum, vanadium, tin, chromium, molybdenum, niobium, zirconium, hafnium, bismuth, ruthenium,palla

22、dium, yttrium, copper, silicon, cobalt, tantalum, nickel, boron, manganese, and tungsten.EThe purchaser may, in the written purchase order, request analysis for specific elements not listed in this specification.B3670924.1.4 Options in the specification, and4.1.5 Supplementary requirements desired,

23、including thestandards of acceptance.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Materials for this specification shall be melted byconventional processes used for reactive metals. Typical meth-ods include the consumable electrode and induction-slag,plasma arc, induction-skull, and electron beam melting pro-ces

24、ses.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Pour AnalysisAn analysis of each pour shall be madeby the producer from a sample such as a casting or test bar thatis representative of the pour. The chemical composition deter-mined shall conform to the requirements specified for therelevant grade in Table 1.6.1.1 The

25、 elements listed in Table 1 are intentional alloyadditions or elements which are inherent to the manufacture oftitanium sponge, ingot or mill product.6.1.1.1 Elements other than those listed in Table 1 aredeemed to be capable of occurring in the grades listed in Table1 by and only by way of unregula

26、ted or unanalyzed scrapadditions to the ingot melt. Therefore product analysis forelements not listed in Table 1 shall not be required unlessspecified and shall be considered to be in excess of the intentof this specification.6.1.2 Elements intentionally added to the melt must beidentified, analyzed

27、, and reported in the chemical analysis.6.2 When agreed upon by the producer and the purchaserand requested by the purchaser in his written purchase order,chemical analysis shall be completed for specific residualelements not listed in this specification.6.3 Product AnalysisProduct analysis toleranc

28、es do notbroaden the specified heat analysis requirements, but covervariations between laboratories in the measurement of chemi-cal content. The producer shall not ship material which isoutside the limits specified in Table 1 for the applicable grade.Product analysis limits shall be as specified in

29、Table 2.6.4 SamplingSamples for chemical analysis may be madeby the purchaser on a representative casting from any lot. Dueto the possibility of oxygen or other interstitial contamination,samples for oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen analysisshall be taken no closer than14 in. (6.3 mm) to a cas

30、t surfaceexcept that castings too thin for this shall be analyzed onrepresentative material. The chemical composition determinedshall conform to the analysis in Table 1 within the checkanalysis variations shown in Table 2 or shall be subject torejection by the purchaser.7. Heat Treatment7.1 Unless o

31、therwise specified in the contract, all castingswill be supplied in the as-cast condition except when post-weldheat treatment is required.7.2 If post-weld heat treatment is required, it shall consist ofa stress relief performed at 1075 6 25F (580 6 14C) forGrades C-2, C-3, C-7, C-8, C-12, C-16 and C

32、-17, and 1200 625F (650 6 14C) for Grades C-5, C-6, C-9, C-18, and C-38.Time at temperature shall be a minimum of12 h plus anadditional12 h at temperature per inch of thickness for sectionsizes greater than 1 in. (25 mm). After heat treatment, thecastings should be cooled in air or in the furnace to

33、 ambienttemperature unless otherwise agreed upon between the pur-chaser and producer.8. Methods of Chemical Analysis8.1 The chemical analysis shall normally be conductedusing theASTM standard test methods referenced in 2.1. Otherindustry standard methods may be used where the ASTM testmethods in 2.1

34、 do not adequately cover the elements in thematerial or by agreement between the producer and purchaser.Alternate techniques are discussed in Guide E 2626.9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance9.1 All castings shall be made in a workman-like mannerand shall conform to the dimensions in drawings furn

35、ished bythe purchaser before manufacturing is started. If the pattern issupplied by the purchaser, the dimensions of the casting shallbe as predicted by the pattern.9.2 The surface of the casting shall be free of adhering moldmaterial, scale, cracks, and hot tears as determined by visualexamination.

36、 Other surface discontinuities shall meet the visualacceptance standards specified in the order. Practice A 802/A 802M or other visual standards may be used to defineacceptable surface discontinuities and finish. Unacceptablesurface discontinuities shall be removed and their removalverified by visua

37、l examination of the resultant cavities.10. Repair by Welding10.1 If repairs are required, these shall be made using awelding procedure and operators certified to quality require-ments established by the producer. The procedures developedshall be consistent with standard practices recommended forrea

38、ctive metal alloys. The producer shall maintain documenta-tion on procedure and welder qualifications. Procedure modi-fications or special arrangements shall be as agreed uponbetween the producer and the purchaser.10.2 The composition of the deposited weld metal shall bewithin the chemical requireme

39、nts for each grade established inTable 1.TABLE 2 Check Analysis TolerancesElementMaximum or Range,Weight %Permissible Variation inCheck AnalysisNitrogen 0.05 +0.02Carbon 0.10 +0.02Hydrogen 0.015 +0.003Iron 1.21.8 60.20Iron 0.50 +0.150.40 +0.080.25 +0.050.20 +0.04Oxygen 0.250.20+ 0.05+ 0.04Aluminum 2

40、.56.75 60.40Vanadium 2.04.5 60.15Tin 2.03.0 60.15Palladium 0.040.25 60.02Molybdenum 0.20.4 60.04Nickel 0.30.9 60.05Other (each) 0.10 +0.02B36709310.2.1 Unalloyed titanium Grades C-2 and C-3, and low-alloy Grades C-12, C-7, C-8, C-16, and C-17 castings shall bestress-relieved if the repair is conside

41、red capable of addingstresses that will interfere with the purpose for which thecastings are intended. The decision for stress relieving shall bemade by the producer, unless otherwise agreed upon. Thestress-relief cycle shall be in accordance with 7.2 followed byair or furnace cooling to room temper

42、ature, or as agreed uponbetween the purchaser and the producer.10.2.2 Grade C-5 (Ti-6Al-4V), Grade C-6 (Ti-5Al-2.5Sn),Grade C-9, Grade C-18, and C-38 castings shall be stress-relieved after weld repair, if the weld defect or excavation isthrough a wall or exceeds 1 in.3(16.4 cm3) of deposited metal.

43、All welds on Grade C-12 (Ti-.3Mo-.8Ni) castings shall bestress-relieved after weld repair. The stress-relief cycle shall bein accordance with 7.2.10.2.3 Hot isostatic pressing (HIP) may be substituted forrequired thermal treatment provided all requirements for thattreatment are met, and temperatures

44、 detrimental to the materialproperties are not reached.11. Referee Test and Analysis11.1 In the event of disagreement between the manufacturerand the purchaser on the conformance of the material to therequirements of this specification, a mutually acceptable ref-eree shall perform the tests in quest

45、ion using the ASTMstandard methods in 2.1. The referees testing shall be used indetermining conformance of the material to this specification.12. Inspection12.1 The producer shall afford the purchasers inspector allreasonable facilities necessary to satisfy him that the materialis being produced and

46、 furnished in accordance with thisspecification. Foundry inspection by the purchaser shall notinterfere unnecessarily with the producers operations.12.2 If the results of any chemical or mechanical propertytest lot are not in conformance with the requirements of thisspecification, the lot may be ret

47、ested at the option of theproducer. The frequency of the retest will double the initialnumber of tests. If the results of the retest conform to thespecification, then the retest values will become the test valuesfor certification. Only original conforming test results or theconforming retest results

48、 shall be reported to the purchaser. Ifthe results for the retest fail to conform to the specification, thematerial will be rejected in accordance with Section 13.12.3 For purposes of determining conformance with thespecifications contained herein, an observed or a calculatedvalue shall be rounded off to the nearest unit in the lastright-hand significant digit used in expressing the limitingvalue. This is in accordance with the round-off method ofPractice E29.13. Rejection13.1 An