AS NZS 4220-2003 Bunk beds《双层床》.pdf

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1、 AS/NZS 4220:2003 Australian/New Zealand StandardBunk beds AS/NZS 4220 Accessed by ISONET - CHINA STATE BUREAU OF TECHNICAL SUPERVIS on 13 Feb 2008AS/NZS 4220:2003 This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committee CS-003, Safety Requirements for Childrens Furniture

2、. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 19 September 2003 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand on 30 September 2003. It was published on 17 November 2003. The following are represented on Committee CS-003: Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry Aust

3、ralian Competition and Consumer Commission Australian Consumers Association Australian Industry Group Australian Retailers Association Barnardos New Zealand Commercial Furniture Industry Association of Australia Competition and Consumer Policy Division, Department of The Treasury Consumer Affairs Vi

4、ctoria Consumers Federation of Australia Department of Consumer and Employment Protection, WA Department of Human Services, SA Department of Tourism, Racing and Fair Trading, Qld Furnishers Society of Victoria Furniture Association of New Zealand Furntech Infant Nursery Products Association of Austr

5、alia Ministry of Consumer Affairs, New Zealand National Council of Women of Australia New Zealand Association of Safety Equipment Testing Laboratories Office of Consumer Affairs and Fair Trading, Tas. Office of Consumer and Business Affairs South Australia Office of Fair Trading, NSW Consumer Protec

6、tion Agency The Childrens Hospital at Westmead Keeping Standards up-to-date Standards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technology and systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, amendments may

7、be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments which may have been published since the Standard was purchased. Detailed information about joint Australian/New Zealand Standards can be f

8、ound by visiting the Standards Australia web site at .au or Standards New Zealand web site at www.standards.co.nz and looking up the relevant Standard in the on-line catalogue. Alternatively, both organizations publish an annual printed Catalogue with full details of all current Standards. For more

9、frequent listings or notification of revisions, amendments and withdrawals, Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand offer a number of update options. For information about these services, users should contact their respective national Standards organization. We also welcome suggestions for imp

10、rovement in our Standards, and especially encourage readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities. Please address your comments to the Chief Executive of either Standards Australia International or Standards New Zealand at the address shown on the back cover. This Stan

11、dard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 00007.Accessed by ISONET - CHINA STATE BUREAU OF TECHNICAL SUPERVIS on 13 Feb 2008AS/NZS 4220:2003 Australian/New Zealand StandardBunk beds Originated as AS/NZS 4220:1994. Second edition 2003. COPYRIGHT Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand All rig

12、hts are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the publisher. Jointly published by Standards Australia International Ltd, GPO Box 5420, Sydney, NSW 2001 and Standards

13、New Zealand, Private Bag 2439, Wellington 6020 ISBN 0 7337 5570 4 Accessed by ISONET - CHINA STATE BUREAU OF TECHNICAL SUPERVIS on 13 Feb 2008AS/NZS 4220:2003 2 PREFACE This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee CS-003, Safety Requirements for Childre

14、ns Furniture, following concern expressed by the South Australian Department of Human Services and Departments of Fair Trading about the number and severity of injuries suffered by children falling from or otherwise injured by bunk beds. This Standard supersedes AS/NZS 4220:1994. The objective of th

15、is Standard is to provide regulatory authorities with safety requirements and to provide manufacturers with functional, durability, stability and performance criteria to meet these safety requirements, in order to reduce the likelihood of deaths or injuries to children. The term normative has been u

16、sed in this Standard to define the application of the appendix to which it applies. A normative appendix is an integral part of a Standard. The Committee considered raising the minimum vertical distance between the upper surface of the guardrail and the upper surface of the mattress base to a minimu

17、m of 360 mm from 260 mm in this version of the Standard. However it was decided that further stakeholder consultation is required. This will be considered at the next revision of this Standard. Accessed by ISONET - CHINA STATE BUREAU OF TECHNICAL SUPERVIS on 13 Feb 20083 AS/NZS 4220:2003 CONTENTS Pa

18、ge 1 SCOPE4 2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 4 3 DEFINITIONS 4 4 MATERIALS 5 5 CONSTRUCTION 7 6 DESIGN 7 7 SAFETY AND PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 13 8 INFORMATIVE LABELLING. 14 9 MARKING 15 APPENDICES A FALL-THROUGH AND ENTRAPMENT HAZARDS . 16 B STABILITY. 19 C FASTENING OF UPPER BED TO THE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE

19、20 D FATIGUE TEST ON JOINTS . 22 E IMPACT TEST 24 F STATIC LOAD ON GUARDRAILS. 26 G IMPACT LOAD ON GUARDRAILS 28 H LADDER ATTACHMENT . 31 I STATIC LOAD ON TREADS. 33 J IMPACT LOAD ON TREADS 34 Accessed by ISONET - CHINA STATE BUREAU OF TECHNICAL SUPERVIS on 13 Feb 2008AS/NZS 4220:2003 4 COPYRIGHT ST

20、ANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND Australian/New Zealand Standard Bunk beds 1 SCOPE This Standard specifies safety requirements for bunk beds. These include material, construction, design, and performance requirements, all of which are important for the well-being of the users (especially chil

21、dren) of bunk beds. 2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this Standard: AS 2281 Flexible cellular polyurethane for seat cushioning and bedding AS/NZS ISO 8124 Safety of toys 8124.1 Part 1: Safety aspects related to mechanical and physical properties(ISO 8124-1:2000, MOD)

22、 8124.3 Part 3: Migration of certain elements 3 DEFINITIONS For the purpose of this Standard, the definitions below apply. 3.1 Bunk bed Either (a) a set of components that are or can be assembled as beds, one stacked over the other (see Figure 1); or (b) any bed, other than a hospital bed in which t

23、he upper surface of any mattress base is at least 800 mm above the floor surface. 3.2 End rail A lateral component, fastened between a pair of structural uprights. 3.3 Gap An opening bounded either by solid components of a bunk bed (see A in Figure 2) or by solid components of the bunk bed and a str

24、aight imaginary boundary joining solid components in such a manner as to result in a maximum bounded area (see B in Figure 2). 3.4 Grip A component with a circumference that allows a hand to hold and close around its entire circumference (see Figure 3). NOTE: The maximum single grip width is 45 mm.

25、3.5 Guardrail A component of the bunk bed intended to prevent an occupant from falling off the bed. 3.6 Hazardous sharp edge An edge which fails the appropriate test specified in Clause 6.7. Accessed by ISONET - CHINA STATE BUREAU OF TECHNICAL SUPERVIS on 13 Feb 20085 AS/NZS 4220:2003 COPYRIGHT 3.7

26、Hazardous sharp point A point which fails the appropriate test specified in Clause 6.7. 3.8 Mattress base The surface on which the mattress is supported. 3.9 Side rail A longitudinal component, fastened between a pair of structural uprights (e.g. corner posts) by which the mattress base may be suppo

27、rted. 3.10 Structural uprights Components to which other components such as the end and side rails are fastened to form a rigid structure. The structural uprights are intended to support the mass of the bunk bed and its contents (including the occupants). NOTE: A common type of structural upright is

28、 the corner post as shown in Figure 1. 3.11 Tread A step or rung of a ladder or other structures designed for climbing. 4 MATERIALS 4.1 Timber Timber used in bunk beds shall not contain splinters or loose knots and shall be free from decay and insect attack which would affect its safe handling or st

29、ructural integrity. NOTE: It is recommended that the moisture content not exceed 13%. High moisture content can cause adhesive failure and excessive shrinkage which would affect the structural integrity of the bunk. 4.2 Metals All exposed metal components, including springs, nuts, bolts, and washers

30、, shall be either made of corrosion-resistant material or be protected against corrosion. Accessed by ISONET - CHINA STATE BUREAU OF TECHNICAL SUPERVIS on 13 Feb 2008AS/NZS 4220:2003 6 COPYRIGHT FIGURE 1 BUNK BEDS Accessed by ISONET - CHINA STATE BUREAU OF TECHNICAL SUPERVIS on 13 Feb 20087 AS/NZS 4

31、220:2003 COPYRIGHT FIGURE 2 TYPICAL GAPS (see Clause 3.3) 4.3 Coatings and plastics components All coatings and plastics components shall comply with the relevant toxicological requirements specified in AS/NZS ISO 8124.3. 5 CONSTRUCTION 5.1 General All components of the bunk bed intended by the manu

32、facturer to remain permanently fixed shall be fastened so that they either cannot be disassembled or they require the use of a tool to enable partial or total disassembly. All joints shall be close fitting. Welds where present, shall be smooth and free from flux, slag and spatter. 5.2 Fasteners All

33、fasteners (e.g. screws, nails, dowels, nuts, bolts) shall be fastened so that they are flush, recessed or suitably finished, relative to all components of the bunk bed, and do not present a sharp point, sharp edge or snag hazard. 6 DESIGN 6.1 Maximum height The maximum height of a bunk bed having (a

34、) an upper bed suspended over a lower bed shall not exceed 1350 mm, as measured by the vertical distance between the floor and the upper surface of the mattress base; or (b) an elevated bed suspended over a play area, furniture (e.g. a workstation) or other feature, shall not exceed 1450 mm, as meas

35、ured by the vertical distance between the floor and the upper surface of the mattress base. NOTES: 1 Although it was recognized that increasing the permissible height of a bunk bed increases the risk of serious injury, the increased height in Item (b) was allowed because these types of bunks are int

36、ended for the older child (see Clause 8(c) where the fall-out hazard is reduced. The increased height was considered necessary to enable the space below the elevated bed to be functional bearing in mind the height of the older child. 2 Designers are encouraged to keep the overall height as low as po

37、ssible. Accessed by ISONET - CHINA STATE BUREAU OF TECHNICAL SUPERVIS on 13 Feb 2008AS/NZS 4220:2003 8 COPYRIGHT 6.2 Minimum distance between beds Where a bunk bed has an upper bed suspended over the lower bed so that their mattress bases are in parallel alignment, the vertical distance between the

38、upper surface of the lower mattress base and the lower surface of the upper mattress base shall be at least 750 mm. NOTE: This requirement does not apply if the mattress bases are above one another but transversely aligned. 6.3 Mattress support elements (mattress base components) All components of t

39、he bunk bed which are used to support or constrain a mattress shall be so fixed that they shall not be capable of lateral or vertical movement by more than 5 mm from their intended positions at joints or fixing points under the application of a force of 500 N. NOTE: The purpose of this requirement i

40、s to ensure that mattress supports such as slats cannot be slid or lifted out of place. 6.4 Safety barriers 6.4.1 General Any bunk bed in which the upper surface of the mattress base is at least 800 mm from the floor shall have barriers (e.g. guardrails or bed ends) which form a roll-out protection

41、on all sides of the bed. 6.4.2 Guardrails The following requirements and recommendations apply to guardrails: (a) The guardrails may be permanently fixed to the bunk bed structure or attached in such a manner as to allow temporary removal and replacement. If a guardrail is detachable, it shall be in

42、capable of removal by a force of 500 N applied to the guardrail in any direction. NOTE: Although the above requirement is intended to ensure that a child cannot easily detach the guardrail, it does not infer that it cannot be easily detached by an adult. For example, the guardrail could be attached

43、by two fastening devices which require simultaneous operation to detach it. The fastening devices could then be spaced an adults arm span apart, in order to prevent a child detaching the guardrail. Alternatively, the fastening device could be so positioned that it is inaccessible to a child. If fast

44、ening devices are used, it is recommended that the minimum force or torque required to operate the devices should be as follows: (i) push or pull force.70 N. (ii) hand-hold twist .2 Nm. (iii) finger and thumb twist .0.5 Nm. (b) The following apply to openings in the guardrail: (i) At least one openi

45、ng shall be provided for climbing access to the bed and be located above a ladder. Climbing access openings shall comply with Clause 6.5. Climbing access openings shall have a minimum width of 300 mm at the height of the max. mattress height mark or alternatively be 200 mm above the mattress base wi

46、th a maximum width of 400 mm measured 260 mm above the mattress base (see Figure 4). At least one side of any climbing access opening shall have a grip of no more than 45 mm (see Figure 3). Accessed by ISONET - CHINA STATE BUREAU OF TECHNICAL SUPERVIS on 13 Feb 20089 AS/NZS 4220:2003 COPYRIGHT (ii)

47、On either side of an access opening, the guardrail shall attain its full height within a distance of not more than 200 mm horizontally from the point of minimum width of the access opening (see Figure 4). NOTE: Additional access openings may be provided for entry or servicing the bunk bed. Because s

48、uch access represent discontinuities in the guardrails and reduce the effectiveness of roll-out protection, the number of such openings should be kept to a minimum. The maximum should be 5 allowing for 2 per side rail and only 1 per both end rails. (c) There are two options for the minimum vertical

49、distance between the upper surface of the guardrail and the upper surface of the mattress base, viz. either (i) the minimum distance shall not be less than 360 mm (see Figure 4); or (ii) the minimum distance shall be less than 360 mm, but not less than 260 mm and the manufacturer shall provide a permanent marker in accordance with Clause 9(a) indicating the maximum allowable height of the mattress which shall be at least 160 mm below the upper surface of the guardrail (see Figure 4 and 5). NOTE: Clause 9(a) requires that a line pl