BS PD CEN TR 17004-2016 Mechanical products Conditions to set up environmental communication models by recognizing sectorial particularities《机械产品 通过识别分类特征设置环境通信模型的条件》.pdf

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1、Mechanical products Conditions to set up environmental communication models by recognizing sectorial particularities PD CEN/TR 17004:2016 BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06National foreword This Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN/TR 170

2、04:2016. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee TDW/4, Technical Product Realization, to Subcommittee TDW/4/7, Technical Product Realization - BS 8887 Design for MADE. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secret

3、ary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016 ISBN 978 0 580 93791 0 ICS 13.020.10 Compliance with a British Standard can

4、not confer immunity from legal obligations. This Published Document was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2016. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected PUBLISHED DOCUMENT PD CEN/TR 17004:2016 TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT

5、 TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHER BERICHT CEN/TR 17004 O c t o b e r 2 0 1 6 ICS 13.020.10 English Version Mechanical products - Conditions to set up environmental communication models by recognizing sectorial particularities Produits mcaniques - Lignes directrices pour la slection de modles de communication e

6、nvironnementaux par la reconnaissance des particularits sectorielles Mechanische Produkte - Leitfaden fr die Auswahl von Modellen der Umweltkommunikation This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 19 August 2016. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 406. CEN members are the natio

7、nal standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slov

8、akia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any mean

9、s reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN/TR 17004:2016 E PD CEN/TR 17004:2016CEN/TR 17004:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 Introduction 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions . 5 4 Principal considerations before applying a type of communication

10、 . 6 5 Choice of a type of communication according to categories of mechanical products 7 5.1 General 7 5.2 Characteristics to identify the principal category of a mechanical product 7 5.2.1 What are the economic issues/acquisition costs? . 7 5.2.2 What is the place of use? . 7 5.2.3 What are the in

11、tended application and the customer maturity? 7 5.2.4 What is the intended workload? 7 5.2.5 What is the intended lifespan? . 7 5.2.6 What is the number of units to be produced? . 7 5.2.7 What is the level of complexity of the mechanical product? . 7 5.2.8 Does the operator need special knowledge to

12、 use the mechanical product? . 8 5.3 Classification obtained 8 5.4 Type of communication 8 5.5 Choice of communication type 11 6 Communication . 12 6.1 Type II self-declared claim according to EN ISO 14021 12 6.2 Type I declaration according to EN ISO 14024 13 6.3 Type III declaration according to E

13、N ISO 14025 . 13 Annex A (informative) Already existing initiatives in the mechanical sector . 14 Bibliography . 16 PD CEN/TR 17004:2016CEN/TR 17004:2016 (E) 3 European foreword This document (CEN/TR 17004:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 406 “Mechanical products - Ecodesign met

14、hodology”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. PD CEN/TR 17004:2016CEN/TR 17004:2016 (E) 4 Int

15、roduction The European mechanical sector can find opportunities in producing rules for environmental product declaration from such perspectives as business opportunities, financial perspectives, sectorial consistency and public image. It allows companies in the mechanical field to address current an

16、d anticipate future demands coming from clients or markets on the environmental efficiency of their products. In addition, they have sometimes to meet requirements of regulations in force or to come, and to measure products improvements in an eco-innovation project to enhance the attractiveness of t

17、he products. Any communication on environmental criteria will have to be decided for each category of products by the corresponding Technical Committee. Declaration of environmental performance of products can present several advantages: to promote existing eco-innovation efforts to clients and mark

18、et; to create the market for green mechanical products; to ensure a fair competition on the market. This document is aimed at: optimizing rules to reduce the cost of environmental communication; sharing the efforts needed to develop declaration rules; reducing the costs for information exchange with

19、in the supply chain. As most of companies in the mechanical field sell products across Europe and around the world, it is impossible to evaluate and communicate environmental characteristics, taking into account all specific local rules and methodologies. That is why companies expect simple, pragmat

20、ic and unified rules. PD CEN/TR 17004:2016CEN/TR 17004:2016 (E) 5 1 Scope This Technical Report provides guidance on how to apply existing communication models regarding environmental concerns to mechanical products. Carrying out communication models for environmental performances of mechanical prod

21、ucts can be relevant for several entities, e.g. single companies, enterprises, collective bodies (trade associations, standardization committees, etc.) and others. On the one hand side, mechanical products represent a large variety of non-uniform items. They can be characterized by several propertie

22、s distinguishing them from each other. On the other hand side, various generic standards/standard-series are existent addressing on how to communicate environmental issues. This Technical Report provides a consistent approach on how to match a particular mechanical product with an appropriate generi

23、c standard. In order to do so, this Technical Report contains criteria to cluster the great variety of mechanical products into categories. Based on this categorization, existing standards concerning environmental performance communication are evaluated with regards to their suitability. 2 Normative

24、 references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) appl

25、ies. EN ISO 14050, Environmental management - Vocabulary (ISO 14050) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions from EN ISO 14050 and the following apply 3.1 mechanical product product manufactured by enterprises from mechanical engineering and metalworking

26、industry, such as capital goods (machinery, production systems, components), tools, household goods, optical parts, measuring instruments SOURCE: CEN/TS 16524:2013, 2.1 3.2 consumer goods goods that satisfy personal needs rather than those required for the production of other goods or services 3.3 c

27、apital goods goods that are themselves utilized in the production of other goods rather than being sold to consumers PD CEN/TR 17004:2016CEN/TR 17004:2016 (E) 6 4 Principal considerations before applying a type of communication The following should be considered before initiating reflexions on envir

28、onmental communication (see Figure 1): first check whether regulation at European or at national levels applies concerning environmental issues for the concerned product; if this situation applies, the declaration requested by this regulation shall be applied; if not, secondly search for standards c

29、overing the concerned product, if such standards exist, it is recommended to follow the communication proposed; if not, thirdly search for sectorial initiatives covering the concerned product (e.g initiatives from manufacturers associations): if such initiatives exist, it is recommended to follow th

30、e communication proposed; if this is not the case, it is recommended to use the following guidelines (see Clauses 4 and 5): after having identified the category of the mechanical product, a suitable type of communication is obtained (Clause 4) and Clause 5 provides the proper tools for communication

31、. Figure 1 Principal considerations before applying a type of communication PD CEN/TR 17004:2016CEN/TR 17004:2016 (E) 7 5 Choice of a type of communication according to categories of mechanical products 5.1 General The definition of a mechanical product in 3.1 is very generic to cover a wide range o

32、f different mechanical products or product groups. A classification can help to provide better insights. Mechanical products can be divided in two principal categories: either consumer goods or capital goods taking into account the answers to the questions provided in 5.2. NOTE In general, capital g

33、oods are often custom-made and tailored to the clients needs, being a long-term investment for the industrial clients and having typically a long lifetime. On the other side, consumer goods are mainly stand-alone, purpose made, mass produced goods in terms of their complexity, application range and

34、intended use, functionality and customer base. It does not mean that a capital good is not produced in series (e.g. catalogue products) for use by industrial clients. 5.2 Characteristics to identify the principal category of a mechanical product 5.2.1 What are the economic issues/acquisition costs?

35、Acquisition costs of mechanical products can vary from few euros for some consumer goods to several million euros for some capital goods such as production systems. 5.2.2 What is the place of use? Capital goods are mainly used in factories, plants, businesses or in general by professionals while con

36、sumer goods are used by consumers at their private premises. 5.2.3 What are the intended application and the customer maturity? Capital goods are intended to produce other parts and components (not ready-for-use products) which are further processed in a business value chain or in final products int

37、ended for sale to costumers. The use of capital goods requires special knowledge and/or training. Consumer goods are ready-for-use products which are intended to provide an immediate service (Business to Consumer (B2C). The use of consumer goods does not require special knowledge and/or training. 5.

38、2.4 What is the intended workload? While capital goods, e.g. production systems are intended to be operated with high load factor, often 24/7, consumer goods are not intended to be used so intensively. 5.2.5 What is the intended lifespan? In general capital goods are built to be in operation for man

39、y years whereas consumer goods are more often designed for a lifespans of few years. 5.2.6 What is the number of units to be produced? Capital goods are produced in small numbers or are often custom made. Consumer goods are produced in large batch sizes. 5.2.7 What is the level of complexity of the

40、mechanical product? Consumer goods are often composed of few parts compared to capital goods which may be an assembly of a large variety of different components being themselves complex systems. PD CEN/TR 17004:2016CEN/TR 17004:2016 (E) 8 5.2.8 Does the operator need special knowledge to use the mec

41、hanical product? Consumer goods are designed to be operated by everyone. Whereas, the operation of capital goods requires special training and know how. 5.3 Classification obtained Answering the questions listed in 5.2 allows classifying products/product groups as capital good or as consumer good. W

42、hen answering the questions for a certain product group leads to the result that all separate product covered by this group can be assigned to the same category, no further investigation is necessary. In some cases, a product group covers products that may have characteristics of both consumer and c

43、apital goods. In these cases, the questions listed in 5.2 shall be answered for each product and a decision shall be taken case by case. NOTE For instance, the product group “cranes” fulfils all characteristics of capital goods whether the specific product is a mobile crane, a tower crane or a gentr

44、y crane. Obviously a simple measuring tape is a consumer good whereas a theodolite fulfils all the criteria of a capital good, nevertheless both products belong to the product group “measuring instruments” (see Figure 2). a) Measuring tape b) Theodolite Figure 2 Measuring instruments 5.4 Type of com

45、munication Table 1 presents the different types of communication. PD CEN/TR 17004:2016CEN/TR 17004:2016 (E) 9 Table 1 Different types of communication Type I Communication according to EN ISO 14024 Type II Communication according to EN ISO 14021 Type III Communication according to EN ISO 14025 Ecola

46、bel Self-declared claims Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) Based on a certification scheme Third party verification Based on a voluntary approach (e.g. CEN/TS 16524) Self declaration Based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA as described in EN ISO 14040) Usually, third party verification Principles

47、To help consumers to identify environmentally improved products by using a very simple labelling system guaranteeing the customer a certain level of environmental performance. To encourage self- improvement with a periodical revision of the Eco- label rules. The Eco-label option is more suitable for

48、 mass-market products. However, eco-labels appear for mechanical products. To develop and highlight an effort in eco-innovation / eco-design. To communicate simply and easily to understand information about the environmental performance of products. To provide clear and accessible information for th

49、e client by linking environmental and technical characteristics of the product. To allow an easy application by the designers involved with environmental issues. To propose very detailed information on the environmental performance of products (multicriteria and whole life cycle) in terms of environmental impacts (biodiversity, resource depletion, climate change, etc.). It is based on environmental indicators and additional information, like for example dangerous substances or environmental management systems in the organization. It is possible