2013年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语（上海卷带解析）.doc

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1、2013年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语（上海卷带解析） 其他 Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 【小题 1】今年元旦我们玩得很开心。 (enjoy) 【小题 2】舅舅昨天寄给我一张卡片，祝贺我 18岁生日。 (congratulate) 【小题 3】经过多年的建设，这个小镇现在和地震前一样充满了活力。 (as.as) 【小题 4】演出以一段五十多岁的人耳熟能详的经典音乐开始。 (familiar) 【小题

2、 5】她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目，就立志加入野生动物保护组织。 (No sooner) 答案： 【小题 1】 We enjoyed ourselves this New Years Day this year. 【小题 2】 My uncle sent me a card yesterday to congratulate / congratulating me on my 18th birthday. 【小题 3】 After years of / years construction, the little town is now as lively as it was befo

3、re the earthquake / it used to be before the earthquake. 【小题 4】 The performance began with a piece of classical music which was familiar to people in their fifties. 【小题 5】 No sooner had she watched the TV program on the extinct species than she made up her mind to join the wildlife protection organi

4、zation. 【小题 1】根据 “今年元旦 ”可知，该句用一般过去时，玩得很开心用词组 enjoy oneself 【小题 2】根据 “昨天 ”可知，该句用一般过去时， congratulate 的用法是congratulate sth或者 congratulate sb on sth 【小题 3】根据 “经过多年的建设 ”可知，后面描述的是建设后的情形，即现在的情形，因此用一般现在时， as.as.的用法是形容词或者副词放在中间。 【小题 4】根据句意可知，演出已经开始了，事情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时， familiar的用法是 sb be familiar with sth 或者 s

5、th be familiar to sb 【小题 5】 no sooner的句型为 no sooner .than,因为 no sooner是否定词，因此no sooner后面要用部分倒装的句式。 【小题 1】 The use of health supplements such as multivitamin tablets has increased greatly in the western world. People take these supplements because advertising suggests that they prevent a range of med

6、ical conditions from developing. However, there is concern that people are consuming worryingly high doses of these supplements and the European Union (EU) has issued a directive that will ban the sale of a wide range of them. This EU directive should be supported. 【小题 2】 Research suggests that peop

7、le who take Vitamin C supplements of over 5000 milligrams a day are more likely to develop cancer. This shows how much damage these health supplements do to peoples health. A spokesman for the health supplement industry has argued that other research shows that Vitamin C supplements help prevent hea

8、rt disease, but we can dismiss this evidence as it is from a biased source. 【小题 3】 Science fiction of the 1960s and 1970s predicted that pills would replace meals as the way in which people would get the fuel they needed. This, it was argued, would mean a more efficient use of time as people wouldnt

9、 have to waste it preparing or eating meals. The EU directive would help prevent this nightmare of pills replacing food becoming a reality. 【小题 4】 Peop0le already take too many pills instead of adopting a healthier lifestyle. For example, the consumption of painkillers in Britain in 1998 was 21 tabl

10、ets per year for every man, woman and child in the country. People do not need all these pills. 【小题 5】 Some might argue that the EU directive denies peoples right to freedom of choice. However, there are many legal examples for such intervention when it is in the individuals best interests. We now m

11、ake people wear seatbelts rather than allowing them to choose to do so. Opposing the EU directive would mean beneficial measures like this would be threatened. 答案： 【小题 1】 C 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3】 F 【小题 4】 A 【小题 5】 E 【文章大意】文章讲述的是针对人们服用过多的维生素等药物，欧盟出台了一项指令，为了纠正和防止药物的过渡使用所产生的问题。 【小题 1】根据第一段的内容可知，该段的主要观点是 howev

12、er,之后的内容，前面是提出一个现象，为了引出问题， however之后是文章主要讨论的话题，即 there is concern that people are consuming worryingly high doses of these supplements and the European Union (EU) has issued a directive that will ban the sale of a wide range of them ，担心人们错误地消费了高剂量的补品，因此 EU对此作出了反应，出台了一项指令，将会禁止补品的广泛使用。即 C项， UE对过度使用健康产

13、品的反应。 【小 题 2】根据第二段的 Research suggests that people who take Vitamin C supplements of over 5000 milligrams a day are more likely to develop cancer. 和 A spokesman for the health supplement industry has argued that other research shows that Vitamin C supplements help prevent heart disease可知，该段主要讲述了两种截然相

14、反的，关于是否要服用额外的维生素 C的观点，因此选择 B项，讲的是关于服用额外维生素的不同发现。 【小题 3】根据该段的 The EU directive would help prevent this nightmare of pills replacing food becoming a reality可知，欧盟的指令将会阻止这种用药片来代替食物的噩梦成为现实，即 F项。 【小题 4】根据该段的 Peop0le already take too many pills instead of adopting a healthier lifestyle可知，人们已经服用了太多的药片了，故选择

15、A项。 【小题 5】根据最后一段的 However, there are many legal examples for such intervention when it is in the individuals best interests. . Opposing the EU directive would mean beneficial measures like this would be threatened可知，欧盟的这项指令目的是为了公众的最大利益，即选择 E。 单项选择 * Im looking for a nearby place for my holiday. Any

16、good ideas How about the Moon Lake It is _ easy reach of the city. A by B beyond C within D from 答案： C Some people care much about their appearance and always ask if they look fine in _ they are wearing. A that B what C how D which 答案： B Among the crises that face humans _ the lack of natural resour

17、ces. A is B are C is there D are there 答案： A An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area _ interact with one another. A that B where C who D what 答案： A _ at the photos, illustrations, title and headings and you can guess what the reading is about. A To look B Looking C Having

18、 looked D Look 答案： D I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise _ I am sitting. A before B until C unless D where 答案： D Sophia got an e-mail _ her credit card account number. A asking for B ask for C asked for D having asked for 答案： A Young people may risk _ deaf if they are expo

19、sed to very loud music every day. A to go B to have gone C going D having gone 答案： C I have no idea _ the cell phone isnt working, so could you fix it for me A what B why C if D which 答案： B The students are looking forward to having an opportunity _ society for real-life experience. A explore B to e

20、xplore C exploring D explored 答案： B The judges gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really _. A to be worried B to worry C having worried D worried 答案： D They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, _ they might have. A however difficult B how difficult C wha

21、tever difficulty D what difficulty 答案： C The school board is made up of parents who _ to make decisions about school affairs. A had been elected B had elected C have been elected D have elected 答案： C Its a _ clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century. A charming French small B Frenc

22、h small charming C small French charming D charming small French 答案： D Those who smoke heavily should remind _ of health, the bad smell and the feelings of other people. A theirs B them C themselves D oneself 答案： C Bob called to tell his mother that he couldnt enter the house, for he _ his key at sc

23、hool. A had left B would leave C was leaving D has left 答案： A 完型填空 Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up the markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is： Is economic globalization 50 for all According to the Wo

24、rld Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce 51 in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration (融合 ) of local economi

25、es into the world economy. Home to some three billion people, these twenty-four countries have seen incomes 53 at an average rate of five percentcompared to two percent in developed countries. Those who 54 globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities

26、 for small and home-based businesses. 55 , small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 56 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet. Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually 57 the gap between t

27、he rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually 58 from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been

28、 left behind. 59 , they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to 60 their products may soon face fierce competition that could put them out of 61 . When large-scale

29、 manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to 62 and will be crowded out. One thing is certain about globalizationthere is no 63 . Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an i

30、nterconnected world. The 64 now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all. (347 words) 【小题1】 A possible B smooth C good D easy A crime B poverty C conflict D population A contributing B responding C turning D owing A remain B drop C shift D increase A doubt

31、 B define C advocate D ignore A In addition B For instance C In other words D All in all A mature B new C local D foreign A finding B exploring C bridging D widening A suffered B profited C learned D withdrawn A Furthermore B Therefore C However D Otherwise A consume B deliver C export D advertise A

32、 trouble B business C power D mind A keep up B come in C go around D help out A taking off B getting along C holding out D turning back A agreement B prediction C outcome D challenge 答案： 【小题 1】 C 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3】 A 【小题 4】 D 【小题 5】 C 【小题 6】 B 【小题 7】 C 【小题 8】 D 【小题 9】 B 【小题 10】 A 【小题 11】 C 【小题 12】 B 【小

33、题 13】 A 【小题 14】 D 【小题 15】 D 【文章大意】文章主要讲述的是市场开放，即全球化给人们带来的影响。文章中包含两种相反的观点，一种观点陈述的是全球化带来的好处，一种观点陈述的是全球化带来的问题，各有充足的论点和论据。文章最后，得出结论，全球化不可避免、无回头路可走，只有想办法找到一条最好的全球化的道路。 【小题 1】 possible意为可能 smooth 意为顺利的，光滑的，平稳的 good好的 easy简单的。根据上一句的 “increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global

34、market”逐渐地把世界经济转变为了一个自由流动的全球大市场。很明显这是讲的市场开放的好处，因此后面提出问题， “问题是，经济全球化对所有人都好吗（有好处吗）？ ”，故选择 C项。 【小题 2】根据后文的 “It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries ”中的increased wealth增加的财富，可知，市场开放给这些国家带来了财富的增加，财富增加了，那么就是减少了贫困问题，即选择 B项

35、。 Crime犯罪 poverty贫困 conflict冲突 population人口 【小题 3】 contribute to 促成，导致 respond to 对 做出反应 turn to 转向，向某人求助 owe to由于，根据后面的 improved education and longer life 可知，教育得到了改善，人的寿命得到了延长 ，因此是产生了好的促进作用，因此选择A项。 【小题 4】根据上文中的 It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life

36、 in twenty-four developing countries可知，这 24个国家的财富增加了，也就是说他们的收入增加了，即 increase。句意为，这24个国家的人的收入增加了平均百分之五。 Remain 仍然 drop下降 shift变化 increase增加，因此选择 D 【小题 5】 doubt 怀疑； define 定义、规定、明确； advocate 提倡、拥护； ignore忽视，根据后面的 “economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home

37、-based businesses”发展中国家的经济会收益，源于小型的、家庭型生意获得的新机会，尤其是其中的 “benefit from”可知，该观点的 those人们是支持，提倡市场开放的，因此 选择 C项。 【小题 6】上一句讲到了小型的、家庭型的生意会获得等多的机会，该句讲的是他们具体是得到怎样的机会，因此属于具体说明、举例说明，故选择 B 项的for instance意为例如。 In addition意为此外，表递进关系。 In other words换句话说， All in all总而言之。 【小题 7】根据后面的 “can now promote their goods world

38、wide by the Internet.”中的 now, worldwide与前半句的 originally和 in 56 open-air markets 是对比关系，即过去是当地市场，现在市场开放后是全球市场。因此选择 C项， local 意为当地的； mature意为成熟的； new意为新的； foreign意为国外的 【小题 8】根据前面的 “Critics take a different view”可知，该部分陈述的是反对市场开放的观点，因此他们认为市场开放会加大（ widen）穷人和富人之间的差距。 Widen 变宽； find找到； explore探索； bridge架桥、度

39、过，故选择 D，widen 【小题 9】 suffer遭受； profit获益、盈利； learn学习； withdraw撤退、收回。根据后面的 “ the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind”可知，穷人、未受教育的人、没有技术的工人和当地人都被丢在了后面，也就是说只有少部分人是从中（市场开放）收益的，即 profit from sth,从 中受益、获益 【小题 10】根据下文的 “globalization may eventually threaten emerg

40、ing businesses.”意为全球化会逐渐威胁到新兴企业。该观点与上面几句的观点类似，都是属于反对市场开放的，但是该观点与上面的加大贫富差距不一样，因此跟上一观点是递进关系，因此选择 A项， furthermore意为，此外，表递进关系。 Therefore意为因此，因果关系， however然而，转折关系 otherwise否则，转折关系 【小题 11】根据上文中的 “small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 56 open-air markets can now p

41、romote their goods worldwide by the Internet”可知，当地人可以通过互联网把商品卖到世界各地，即向国外出口（ export)商品，故选择 C，句意为，例如，印度的手艺人目前看起来是从全球化中收益了，因为他们可以出口他们的商品，但是他们很快就会面对激烈的竞争，这可能会让他们破产。故选择 C项。 Consume消耗、消费 deliver递送，发表， advertise做广告 【小题 12】根据 “face fierce competition ”可知，激烈的竞争可能会导致他们破产，即 out of business.故选择 B项。 Out of troub

42、le 脱离困境 out of power 丧失权利 out of mind心不在焉 【小题 13】 keep up保持、继续、不落后； come in进来； go around四处走动、供应； help out帮助 摆脱困境。根据上文的 out of business破产和下文的 be crowded out被排挤出去可知，此处指的是小手艺人的生意将不能继续下去。故选 择 A 【小题 14】根据下文可知，随着科技的发展，还会有更多的开放政策，将会出现更好的全球化，因此可知，全球化是必然的，是没有回头路可走的，因此选择 D 项， turn back 意为往回走。 Take off 意为起飞，脱掉

43、； get along意为相处、进展； hold out意为伸出、坚持。 【小题 15】 agreement意为同意、一致； prediction预测、预计； outcome意为后果； challenge意为挑战。该句句意为，目前最大的挑战就是找到一个方法，来创造出一个能够对每一个人都有好处的全球化。 阅读理解 For some people, music is no fun at all. About four percent of the population is what scientists call “amusic.” People who are amusic are born

44、without the ability to recognize or reproduce musical notes (音调 ). Amusic people often cannot tell the difference between two songs. Amusics can only hear the difference between two notes if they are very far apart on the musical scale. As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics

45、compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. Their inability to enjoy music set them apart from others. It can be difficult for other people to identify with their condition. In fact, most people cannot begin to grasp what it feels like to be amusic

46、. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping mall can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics intentionally stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in withdrawal and social isolation. “I used to hate parties,” says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who

47、only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition. Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from the brains of people who can appreciate music. The difference is complex, and it doesnt

48、 involve defective hearing. Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding ordinary speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just cant see certain colors. Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed (诊断 ). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem with music. Now she knows that she is not alone. There is a name for her condition. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say, No thank