2014年初中毕业升学考试（山东临沂卷）英语（带解析）.doc

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1、2014年初中毕业升学考试（山东临沂卷）英语（带解析） 其他 Yuan Longping, a Chinese scientist, has saved people without any magic. His success on hybrid rice (杂交水稻 ) fed millions of people in hunger. Yuan 【小题 1】 (be) born on September 7, 1930. After graduating from the then Southwest Agriculture Institute (农业学院 ), he worked as

2、 a teacher at an agriculture school in Hunan. About 50 years ago, some natural disasters (灾难 ) hit China. Yuan saw many people lose their lives because of hunger every day. Since then, he 【小题 2】 (do) research on how to grow good quality rice. In 1964, he found a natural hybrid rice plant by accident

3、. It had great advantages over others. Yuan was excited about what he discovered. He then decided 【小题 3】 (study) this particular plant. In 1973, he started to grow a type of hybrid rice. It 【小题 4】 (produce) 20% more rice each unit than common ones. The next year he had a great success. This progress

4、 made China the worlds leader in rice production. In China, most rice fields (稻田 ) grow Yuans hybrid rice. He 【小题 5】 (call) the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. Now he is 84 years old. He still 【小题 6】 (have) a dream. He hopes hybrid rice 【小题 7】 (grow) as tall as Chinese sorghum (高粱 ) one day! 答案： 【小题 1】 was

5、 【小题 2】 has done 【小题 3】 to study 【小题 4】 produced 【小题 5】 is called 【小题 6】 has 【小题 7】 will grow 试题分析：本文叙述 了袁隆平是中国的水稻之父，他研究出了高产的杂交水稻，提高了水稻产量，他有一个梦想，希望水稻长的与高粱一样的高。 【小题 1】根据时间状语可知本句描述的是过去的动作，故用一般过去时态 .主语是单数，故谓语动词用单数。 【小题 2】根据时间状语 Since then,可知本句描述的是一直持续到现在的动作，故用现在完成时态。 【小题 3】 decide后面一般接带 to的动词不定式作宾语。 【小

6、题 4】联系前一句，可知本句描述的是过去发生的动作，故用一般过去时态。 【小题 5】句意：他被称为 “杂交水稻之父 ”。本句描述的是客观性事实 ，故用一般现在时态。主语是动作对象，故用被动语态。 【小题 6】本句描述的是客观性事实，故用一般现在时态。主语 he是单数第三人称，故谓语动词用单数。 【小题 7】根据时间状语 one day可知从句中用一般将来时态。 考点：考查动词填空 词形转换 【小题 1】 There are (seventh) small apples in the bowl. 【小题 2】 Mona also bought an alarm clock yesterday.

7、I compared my alarm clock with (her). 【小题 3】 Everyone knows that (library) are places for people to study. 【小题 4】 Listen. Do you hear the sound of birds outside Thanks to your ears, you can hear it (clear). 【小题 5】 It is said that (tomorrow) sports meeting has been put off because of the bad weather.

8、 【小题 6】 His two daughters are very (difference) from each other. 【小题 7】 The (win) of the photo competition was a 30-year-old man from Shanghai. 【小题 8】 Mr Smith and his son used to smoke, but they (like) smoking now because they think its unhealthy. 答案： 【小题 1】 seven 【小题 2】 hers 【小题 3】 libraries 【小题 4

9、】 clearly 【小题 5】 tomorrows 【小题 6】 different 【小题 7】 winner 【小题 8】 dislike 试题分析： 【小题 1】句意：碗里有七个小苹果。故填基数词作定语。 【小题 2】本句代词指代的是莫娜的小闹钟，故用名词性物主代词作宾语。 【小题 3】根据系动词 are，可知主语用复数。 【小题 4】结合语境可知所填单词作状语，故用副词形式。 【小题 5】明天的运动会，故用名词所有格作定语。 【小题 6】短语 be different from与 不同。 【小题 7】照相比赛的获胜者。根据系动词 was，可知主语为单数。 【小题 8】根据下文 the

10、y think its unhealthy可知现在他们不喜欢吸烟了。本句描述的是客观性事实，故用一般现在时态。主语是复数，故谓语动词用原形。 考点：考查单词填空 单项选择 * Mike went to the library _ some books yesterday. A borrow B to borrow C borrows D borrowed 答案： B 试题分析：句意：昨天麦克去图书馆借了一些书。动词不定式做目的状语表示具体的，将要进行的动作。选 B。 考点：考查非谓语动词 Dad, can you tell me _ to the amusement park The day

11、after tomorrow. A when we are going B when we went C when are we going D when did we go 答案： A 试题分析：英语宾语从句中一般为陈述语序，根据下文答语，可知从句中描述的是将来动作，故用一般将来时态。故选 A。 考点：考查宾语从句 Your pencil case looks really beautiful. _. But in fact, Ginas looks better than mine. A Of course B Not at all C Im afraid not D Thank you

12、答案： D 试题分析： Of course当然了； Not at all一点也 不； Im afraid not 恐怕不；Thank you谢谢你。根据上文，你的铅笔盒看起来真的很漂亮。英语中对于夸奖赞美之词一般是表示感谢。故选 D。 考点：考查交际用语 _ delicious these beef noodles are! A What B How C What a D How a 答案： B 试题分析：感叹句主要由 what和 how构成： 1、 what修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式： 1. What+a(an)+（形容词） +单数可数名词 +主语 +谓语！或是： What+名词词组

13、 +主语 +谓语！ 2. What+(形容词） +可数名词复数或不可数名词 +主语 +谓语！ 2、 How引导的感叹句。 how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是： How+形容词（副词） +主语 +谓语！ 本句中是副词修饰形容词 delicious，故选 B。 考点：考查感叹句 After Mandela was free (自由的 ) in 1990, he chose to shake hands with the people _ wanted to kill him. A whose B which C / D who 答案： D 试题分析：句意：在 1990年曼德拉自由之后，他选

14、择和曾经想杀害他的人握手 .本句中先行词 the people为下文定语从句的逻辑主语，指人，故引导词用 who.选 D。 考点：考查定语从句 Im sorry, sir. I cant finish the work on time. Never mind. _, the work is quite difficult. A At least B For instance C After all D First of all 答案： C 试题分析： At least最少； For instance例如； After all毕竟，终究； First of all首先。句意：很抱歉，先生，我不能

15、按时完成这项工作。 不用介意，毕竟这项工作很难。选 C。 考点：考查短语辨析 When you are swimming, _ your ears. You can use earplugs (耳塞 ) to stop water getting into your ears. A take after B take part in C take off D take care of 答案： D 试题分析： take after与 相像： take part in参加； take off起飞，脱下； take care of照顾，关心。句意：当你游泳时，注意你的耳朵。你可以用耳塞防止水进入你的

16、耳朵。故选 D。 考点：考查短语动词 Turn off the water while you _ your teeth or washing your hands. A were brushing B brush C are brushing D brushed 答案： C 试题分析：句意：当你刷牙或者洗手时关掉水管。 while引导的从句中常用进行时态。当主句描述将来动作时，条件从句中常用现在时态，故选 C。 考点：考查时态辨析 It _ about eight minutes for sunlight (阳光 ) to travel from the sun to the earth.

17、A takes B spends C costs D pays 答案： A 试题分析： take 用于 it takes sb . to do sth句型，仅指花费时间（ three hours等），必须用 it作形式主语，指代下文不定式内容； spend用于 sb spend.on sth或者 sb spend.in doing sth（ in可以省略）， spend的主语必须是人，可以指花费时间、也可以指花费金钱； cost用于 sth costs sb sth，主语必须是物，多指花费金钱，少数情况可指花费时间、气力，有时表示成本的消耗； pay的基本用法是： (1) pay (sb.)

18、money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买 。 (2)pay for sth. 付 的钱。 (3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。 (4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。句意：阳光从太阳到地球好花费八分钟的时间。故选 A。 考点：考查动词辨析 Talk to your teacher and you will get help _ you have a problem. A unless B if C until D so 答案： B 试题分析： unless除非，如果不； if是否，如果； until直到； So因此。句意：如果你有问题，给你的老师说说，你就会得到帮助。故选 B。 考点：

19、考查连词辨析 We have friends to help us fight against pollution, and trees are one of _. A themselves B they C their D them 答案： D 试题分析： themselves反身代词，他们自己； they人称代词主格，他们； their他们的； Them人称代词宾格，他们 .句意：我们有朋友来帮助我们防止污染，树木就是 其中之一。本句中人称代词做介词宾语，故用宾格形式。选 D。 考点：考查代词辨析 Now, people regard drinking tea _ a culture mo

20、re than a habit. A as B by C of D with 答案： A 试题分析：句意：现在，许多人把饮茶当做是一种文化，而不是一个习惯 .固定搭配 regardas 把 当做 。故选 A. 考点：考查介词固定搭配 Our mother earth gives us _ we need in our daily life. A nobody B nothing C everybody D everything 答案： D 试题分析： nobody 没有人； nothing什么也没有； everybody每个人；Everything每件事 .句意：我们的地球母亲给我们日常生活中

21、需要的一切东西。故选 D。 考点：考查不定代词 We are happy to see our city is developing _ these years than before. A quickly B the most quickly C very quickly D more quickly 答案： D 试题分析：根据介词 than，可知本句中表示和过去的对比，故用比较级。选。 考点：考查比较级 Three bridges _ over the river five years ago. A built B build C were built D are built 答案： C

22、试题分析：根据时间状语 five years ago 可知本句用过去时态，主语是动作对象，故用被动语态。选 C。 考点：考查时态辨析。 阅读理解 Do you know something about the Akuapem people They live in eastern Ghana (加纳 ), where the sunshine hugs all the time. They are very friendly. Now lets have a look at how the Akuapem people receive a visitor. A visitor is often

23、 welcomed warmly in a family of Akuapem. After the visitor is welcomed into the house, he is offered a seat and water at the very beginning, for the host (主人 ) thinks that the visitor must have come from a very long trip and is in need of water. Then the host family greet the visitor by saying “Akwa

24、aba.” More interestingly, if there is a group of visitors, the host will greet the visitors from right to left. And the host shakes only with his right hand, because the left hand is regarded dirty according to the Akuapem people. Next, the visitor is asked how his trip was and why he has come. Whil

25、e the conversation is going on, the wife and children, especially girls, are cooking food for the visitor. The visitor can choose the food. After the visitor has finished eating, the host and the visitor continue their conversation. Usually this is a short one since the visitor is getting ready to s

26、ay goodbye. When the visitor is leaving, he is often given some food to take along. He is also accompanied (陪伴 ) by one of the children to the nearest station. The child who accompanies the visitor will not come back home until the visitor leaves safely. No matter if he is a close friend or just a p

27、asser-by (过路人 ), this is always the way that the friendly Akuapem people receive a visitor. B）阅读 表达。阅读第 I卷第三大题 D篇短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。（共 5小题，计 10分） 【小题 1】 What is the visitor offered at first by the family of Akuapem _ 【小题 2】 Why does the host shake only with his right hand _ 【小题 3】 Who are cooking food

28、while the host is chatting with the visitor _ 【小题 4】 When will the child who accompanies the visitor to the station come back home _ 【小题 5】 What does the article mainly talk about？ _ 答案： 【小题 1】 A seat and water. 【小题 2】 Because the left had is regarded dirty according to the Akuapem people. 【小题 3】 Th

29、e wife and children, especially girls. 【小题 4】 After the visitor leaves safely. (The child who accompanies the visitor to the station wont come back home until the visitor leaves safely.) 【小题 5】 How the Akuapem people receive a visitor. (The way that the friendly Akuapem people receive a visitor. ) 试

30、题分析：短文大意：这篇短文主要介绍了加纳的阿跨佩姆族人的待客之道。 【小题 1】细节理解题。根据 After the visitor is welcomed into the house, he is offered a seat and water at the very beginning, 描述，可知答： A seat and water. 【小题 2】根据 And the host shakes only with his right hand, because the left hand is regarded dirty according to the Akuapem peopl

31、e.描述，可知答： Because the left had is regarded dirty according to the Akuapem people. 【小题 3】根据 While the conversation is going on, the wife and children, especially girls, are cooking food for the visitor.描述，可知答： The wife and children, especially girls. 【小题 4】根据 The child who accompanies the visitor wil

32、l not come back home until the visitor leaves safely.描述，可知答： After the visitor leaves safely. (The child who accompanies the visitor to the station wont come back home until the visitor leaves safely.) 【小题 5】阅读短文可知，本文主要讲述了 Akuapem 人如何接待客人。故答：How the Akuapem people receive a visitor. (The way that th

33、e friendly Akuapem people receive a visitor. ) 考点：考查政治经济文化类阅读 It is a cold and dry winter morning. When you wake up, you feel that your throat hurts. You begin to sneeze and later you may cough. You must have a cold! Wait a moment. Could it just be a common cold or the flu (流感 ) thats been going aro

34、und A cold gives you a runny nose and cough. But its usually easy to deal with. Some take medicine while others drink herbal tea or chicken soup. Usually you feel better after a week. On the other hand, the flu can be much more dangerous. It usually gives you fever. Sometimes it can cause death. Acc

35、ording to an American magazine, the worst flu killed about 50 million people from 1918 to 1919. Dont worry. If you get a flu vaccine (疫苗 ), it can stop you from getting the virus (病毒 ). Flu vaccines work by giving the body a small amount of flu viruses. This causes your body to develop antibodies (抗

36、体 ). So next time you get the flu, the antibodies should help you. The flu virus changes every few years. Therefore, there are so many types of flu, such as H1N1 and H5N1. The antibodies for one type of flu cant help us against all types of flu. Thats why we need to get the vaccine every year. Howev

37、er, good health habits may also help stop you developing a cold or flu. Washing your hands often helps stop you from getting viruses. It is also important to get regular exercise and eat healthy food. All these can help you strengthen your immune system (增强免疫系统 ). 【小题 1】 If you have a common cold, u

38、sually youll feel better after _. A a week B two weeks C ten days D twenty days 【小题 2】 According to the passage, which is TRUE of the flu A It first happened in 1919. B It usually doesnt give you fever. C It is easy to deal with. D It can kill people sometimes. 【小题 3】 If you get a flu vaccine, _. A

39、it cant stop you from getting the flu virus B it wont cause your body to develop antibodies C your body will develop antibodies D your body will get a large amount of flu viruses 【小题 4】 We need to get a flu vaccine every year because _. A we probably have a cold in winter B the flu virus changes eve

40、ry few years C the flu is very dangerous D you dont need to take any medicine after that 【小题 5】 The following ways can help stop the flu EXCEPT _. A staying indoors B getting regular exercise C eating healthy food D washing our hands often 答案： 【小题 1】 A 【小题 2】 D 【小题 3】 C 【小题 4】 B 【小题 5】 A 试题分析：短文大意：这

41、篇短文主要讲述了流感的危害以及预防流感的方法。 【小题 1】细节理解题。根据 Usually you feel better after a week.描述可知通常一周后你就会好转，选 A。 【小题 2】细节理解题。根据 Sometimes it can cause death. 描述，可知流感有时能致死。选 D。 【小题 3】细节理解题。 If you get a flu vaccine (疫苗 ), Th is causes your body to develop antibodies (抗体 ).描述，可知你的身体会产生抗体，选 C。 【小题 4】细节理解题。根据短文倒数第二段描述，可

42、知流感病毒每几年就变异一次，选 B。 【小题 5】细节理解题。根据短文最后一段描述，可知呆在家里有助于预防流感，选 A。 考点：考查健康保健类阅读 What will the car be like in the future Maybe we can sit in a car that can drive itself. About 40 years ago, scientists from the United States started to develop self-driving cars (无人驾驶汽车 ). The most famous recent one was made

43、 by Google in 2009. There are cameras and radars (雷达 ) on the top of the car. They allow the computer in the car to draw a 3D map of the environment. Chinese scientists have also successfully developed a self-driving car. The car made a trip from Changsha to Wuhan. Is a self-driving car safe A recen

44、t study shows that robots make safer drivers than humans. If only 10% of cars on the street are self-driving, they will save 1,000 lives (生命 ) every year. If 90% of vehicles (交通工具 ) are self-driving, 21,700 lives will be saved a year. However, a self-driving car is expensive and each costs about $10

45、0,000. So it is impossible to be very popular in the near future. 根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用 “A”表示，不正确的用 “B”表示。 【小题 1】 American scientists started to develop self-driving cars in 2009. 【小题 2】 Cameras and computers are on the top of the self-driving car by Google. 【小题 3】 In China, scientists have successfu

46、lly developed a self-driving car. 【小题 4】 The more self-driving cars there are on the street, the fewer traffic deaths there will be. 【小题 5】 The self-driving cars will be very popular in the near future. 答案： 【小题 1】 B 【小题 2】 B 【小题 3】 A 【小题 4】 A 【小题 5】 B 试题分析：短文大意：这篇短文主要讲述了未来的一 种自主驾驶汽车，并详细介绍了这种汽车的功能以及应

47、用前景。 【小题 1】分析计算题。题干意为：美国科学家在 2009年开始研发自主驾驶汽车。根据 About 40 years ago, scientists from the United States started to develop self-driving cars (无人驾驶汽车 ).计算本句描述错误。 【小题 2】细节理解题。题干意为：通过谷歌，相机和微电脑在自主驾驶汽车顶部。根据 The most famous recent one was made by Google in 2009.There are cameras and radars (雷达 ) on the top of the car.可知本句描述错误。 【小题 3】细节理解题。题干意为：在中国科学家们成功的研发出了一种自主驾驶汽车。根据 Chinese scientists have also successfully developed a self-driving car.描述可知本句描述正确。 【小题 4】细节理解题。题干意为：大街上的自主驾驶汽车