2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（广东卷）英语及答案解析.docx

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1、2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（广东卷）I语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a 1 innumber. Human beings are born with this ability. 2 , experiments show that manyanimals are, too. For example, m

2、any birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs andyou remove one, the bird will not 3 . However, if you remove two, the bird 4leaves. This means that the bird knows the 5 between two and three.Another interesting experiment showed a birds 6 number sense.Aman was tryingto take a photo of a

3、 crow(乌鸦) that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she sawhim coming. The bird did not 7 until the man left the tower. The man had an 8 . He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they didnot 9 the bird. The crow stayed away until the second m

4、an left, too. The experimentwas 10 with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nestuntil all the men were 11 . It was not until five men went into the tower and only fourleft that they were 12 able to fool the crow.How good is a humans number sense? Its not very good. F

5、or example, babies about fourteenmonths old almost always notice if something is taken away from a 13 group. Butwhen the number goes beyond three or four, the children are 14 fooled.It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in thisworld, and that our human 15 is not

6、 much better than a crows.1.A. riseB. pattern C. changeD. trend解析：考查动词。（后文中的从1到4等都说明是在变化）根据上下文意思答题。答案：C2.A. ImportantlyB. SurprisinglyC. DisappointedlyD. Fortunately解析：考查副词。根据上下文句意，此处表示惊讶，居然动物也具有这种能力。答案：B3.A. survive B. careC. hatchD. notice解析：考查动词。（原词重现，13题前面）意为注意留意。此题的C选项意为，是属于超纲词。 答案：D4.A. Genera

7、llyB. sincerelyC. casuallyD. deliberately解析：考查副词。根据上下文意思可以得出答案。此句意为，鸟普遍会离开。另外，此题也可以通过排除发法解答。其他选项代入意思都不批匹配。答案：A5.A. distanceB. rangeC. different D. interval解析：考查名词。根据上下文意思答题。从上两句的表达不难得出答案。D选项interval超纲了。答案：C6.A. amazingB. annoyingC. satisfyingD. disturbing解析：考查形容词。根据上下文意思以及第二题的surprisingly不难得出答案。答案：A

8、7.A. relax B. recoverC. reactD. return解析：考查动词。根据第九题后的stayed away以及第十一题前的return不难得出答案。此题答题的关键是看重复出现until的结构一语句。（原词重现及反义重现11题前）答案：D8.A. appointmentB. excuseC. ideaD. explanation解析：考查名词。上下义重现。根据上下文，后面的做法都表明这是一个主意想法。可以直接排除其他选项。 答案：C9.A. foolB. hurtC. catch D. kill解析：考查动词。（原词重现，12题后的词fool以及14题后的词fooled）答

9、案：A10.A. reportedB. repeatedC. designedD. approved解析：考查动词。从上下文意思可以得出答案为重复做。此外，也可以根据常识中的实验是要反复进行的。答案：B11.A. confused B. goneC. tiredD. drunk解析：考查动词。（同义重现，根据第10题和第12题前的left可以知道答案）答案：B12.A. graduallyB. luckilyC. strangelyD. finally解析：考查副词。根据上下文意思可知此处表示多次努力后最终成功。答案：D13. A. singleB. smallC. localD. new解析

10、：考查形容词。反义重现及排除法可以解答。相对于three or four，用small较恰当。single只能表示1不能表示2。local和new与本文的内容没有任何关系。答案：B14.A. seldomB. temporarilyC. merelyD. often解析：考查副词。根据上下文意思可以得出答案。上文的always和but表示此处答案为often。 答案：D15.A. sightB. natureC. ability D. belief解析：考查名词。最后一段是对文章的总结，根据第一段第一和第二句话不难得出答案。原词重现。（原词重现，第一行首句）答案：C第二节语法填空（共10小题；

11、每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或者括号中词语的正确形式填空。One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in thekitchen .Suddenly, he 16 (find) that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son,”Go to the Village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price

12、for it: neither too much 17 toolittle.”His son looked surprised. ”I can understand why I shouldnt pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, 18 not save a bit of money?”“That would be a very 19 (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy asmall village like ours,” Nick said.Nicks gues

13、ts, 20 had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy saltmore cheaply if they could. Nick replied,” The only reason a man would sell salt 21 alower price would be because he was desperate for money.And anyone who took advantage ofthat situation would be showing a lack of respect 22 the

14、 sweat and struggle of the manwho worked very hard to produce it.”“But such a small thing couldnt 23 (possible) destroy a village.”“In the beginning, there was only 24 very small amount of unfairness in the world,but everyone added a little ,always 25 (think) that it was only small and not veryimpor

15、tant ,and look where we have ended up today.”解析： 16.考查动词的过去式。根据上下文的时态不难得出答案。17.考查连词搭配。neither nor表示既不也不18.考查连词。why not do sth.为什么不做某事，可以看作是固定搭配使用。19.考查形容词。其结构形式为a/an+形容词+单数名词。20.考查定语从句的连词。先行词是Nicks guests，who在从句中做主语。21.考查介词。固定搭配at a price以什么的价格。此题易错，主要是对这个搭配不熟悉。22.考查介词。show respect for sth.23.考查副词。修

16、饰动词destroy，此题多数学生知道是填副词形式，但会错在没有去e变y ,而是直接加ly。24.考查冠词。搭配a small amount of sth.结构同19题。25.考查非谓语动词，动名词表伴随。此题的结构为A，B and C，其中A，C用and连接表并列，谓语动词形式须一致，但B多数用现在分词形式表伴随。答案： 16.found 17. nor 18. why 19. reasonable 20. who 21. at 22. for 23. possibly 24. a25. thinkingII阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读

17、下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。AImagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear. Childrenknow this very well. Fred Epstein ,in his book If I Make It to Five, tells a story he heard from oneof friends about Tom, a four-year-old boy with a cancer in his back bone. He ca

18、me through severaloperations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination.Tom loved to pretend, and he particularly loved to play superheroes ,Dr. Epstein explainedthat it was actually a brilliant way for his young mind to handle the terrifying and painful life heled. The day before his third trip

19、 to the operating room, Tom was terribly afraid. ”Maybe I couldgo as Superman ,”he whispered to his mom. Hearing this, the mother hesitated for a while. Shehad avoided buying the expensive costume（戏装），finally she agreed.The next day Tom appeared as the powerful Superman, showing off through the hosp

20、ital halls and coolly waving his hand to the people greeting him along the way.And Tom, with the strengthof his fantasy, successfully made it through the operation.The power of imagination need not be reserved for children only. We all have the power touse our fantasies to attempt things we never th

21、ought possible, to go through those things that seemimpossible, and to achieve what we never believed we could. Just as Dr. Epstein puts it ,”If youcan dream it, you can do it”It doesnt mean that you should dress as a superhero for your next job interview. But, nexttime you are texted in a way that

22、seems impossible, imagine what it would take to overcomeit .Become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first.So, let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream.26.What do we know about Tom?A. He was seriously illB. He was a dishonest boy. C. He was crazy

23、 about magicD. He was Dr. Epsteins patient解析：细节理解题。根据第一段此句“Fred Epstein, in his book of If I Make It to Five, tells astory he heard from one of his friends about Tom, a four-year-old boy with a cancer in his backbone. He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination.

24、”得知，Tom得了癌症，并且经历了许多次手术。答案：A27.What can be inferred about Toms mother?A. She was a rich ladyB. She refused Toms requestC. She wanted Tom to be a superheroD. She wanted to get Tom through the pain解析：推理判断题。可以通过排除解题。A选项我们可以从第三段“Hearing this, the mother hesitated for a while. She had avoided buying the e

25、xpensive costume(戏装), but finally sheagreed.”得知Tom的母亲本不想购买戏装，因为昂贵，得知A选项错误；同时根据此句可得知B选项错误，因为最后母亲同意购买戏装；C选项文章中未提及，故正确项为D。答案：D28. When Tom went for the third operation, he _. A. pretended to be painfulB. acted like a superheroC. appeared in poor spiritsD. argued with his mother解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句话appeare

26、d as the powerful Superman可以得出答案。另外，也可以通过排除法解答。选项A文章未提及，C选项与文章相反，D选项未提及。答案：B29.In the last paragraph, you are advised _.A. to go through some difficult testsB. to wake up from your wild dreamsC. to become a powerful person in your mindD. to wear expensive clothes for job interviews解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第

27、二句话“Become the person you need to become to win over your challenge and do it in your mind first. So, let your imagination run wild, and dare todream.”得知正确选项为C。答案：C30.What is the purpose of the passage?A. To tell us an interesting story.B. To help us make right decisions.C. To advise us to care abou

28、t children.D. To encourage us to use our imagination.解析：写作目的题。文章出现最多的词是imagination，所以答案自然要选含有这个词的选项了。此外，也可以根据第一段的第一句话和最后一段的最后一句话得出答案。答案：D B Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the rightfamily, and others believe that success mostly comes down to luck.

29、 Im not going to say luck,talent, and circumstances dont come into play because they do. Some people are born into theright family while others are born with great intelligence, and thats just the reality of how life is.However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually ma

30、ke it morepractical.And, in addition to that, in order to get really good at something, one needs to spend atleast 10,000 hours studying and practicing. To become great at certain things, itll require evenmore time, time that most people wont put in.This is a big reason why many successful people ad

31、vise you to do something you love. If youdont enjoy what you do ,it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you quit wellbefore you ever become good at it.When you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success, youknow that they have put in a huge part o

32、f their life to get there at a huge cost. Its sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born with some rare talent, but thinking that way does you nogood, and theres a huge chance that youre wrong anyway.Whatever you do, if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day ou

33、t,almost to the point of addiction, and over a long period of time. If youre not willing to put in thetime and work, dont expect to receive any rewards. Consistent, hard work wont guarantee you the level of success you may want, but it will guarantee that you will become really good atwhatever it is

34、 you put all that work into.31. Paragraph 1 mainly talks about _.A. the reasons for successB. the meaning of successC. the standards of successD. the importance of success解析：段落主旨大意题。通过第一段我们可以得知作者列出很多人认为成功的因素，如“Somepeople are born into the right family while others are born with great intelligence”出生

35、在好的家庭，天赋异禀，可得知本段主要在讲一些成功的因素，故选A。此外根据上下文意思和排除法，不难得出答案是原因。其他meaning（意义），standards（标准），importance（重要性）都不正确。答案：A 32. In Paragraph 2,the underlined word that refers to _.A. being good at somethingB. setting a practical goalC. putting in more timeD. succeeding in life解析：猜词题。此种题目的答案多数在前文找，根据前文，不难得知答案。Howev

36、er, to succeedin life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical.And, in additional tothat, in order to get really good at something, one needs to spend at least 10,000hours studying andpracticing.译文为：然而，要在生活中取得成功，你必须要设定一个目标然后逐步将它变得更加实际。除此之外，要变得更加擅长某事，必须花费至少10,000个小时进行学

37、习和实践。此外，也可以从结构上找到答案，出现两次的needs.答案：B33.Successful people suggest doing what one loves because _. A. work makes one feel painB. one tends to enjoy his workC. one gives up his work easilyD. it takes a lot of time to succeed解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的this is a big reason why., If you dont enjoy what you do, it isgo

38、ing to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you quit well before you ever become goodat it.可知答案的关键是this。而this指代的内容刚好是与时间（To become great at certainthings, itll require even more time, time that most people wont put in.）有关。答案：D34.What can we infer from Paragraph 4?A. Successful people like

39、to show their great skills.B. People sometimes succeed without luck or talent.C. People need to achieve success at the cost of life. D. It helps to think that luck or talent leads to success.解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“Its sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were bornwith some rare talent, but thinkin

40、g that way does you no good, and theres a huge chance thatyoure wrong anyway.”句义为很容易去认为他们是运气好，或者天生有些独特的天赋，但是这么想对你并无好处，而且极有可能你想错了。可以得知很多人的成功并不是因为天赋或 运气。通过but之后的内容不难得出答案。而且也可以通过排除法得出答案。A项的show skills表达错误。C项的表达at the cost of life以生命为代价是错误的。D项可以根据第四段最后一句的does you no good可以知道答案。答案：B35.What is the main th

41、eme of the passage?A. Having a goal is vital to success.B. Being good is different from being great.C. One cannot succeed without time and practice.D. Luck, talent and family help to achieve success.解析：主旨大意题。可通过文章最后一段主题句“Whatever you do , if you want to become greatat it, you need to work day in and

42、 day out, almost to the point of addiction, and over a long periodof time.”得知正确项为C。ABD项都是以偏概全。文章多次提到要花费时间和精力。答案：C COne day, when I was working as a psychologist in England，an adolescent boy showed up inmy office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his handsshaki

43、ng slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. This boy has lost his family, he wrote.He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and Im very worried about him. Canyou help?”I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problemspsychology doesnt

44、 have the answer to, and which no words can describe. Sometimes the bestthing one can do is to listen openly and sympatheticallyThe first two times we met, David didnt say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look atthe childrens drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of ches

45、s. He nodded.After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon-in complete silence and withoutlooking at me. Its not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice. Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed. took the chess board and pieces from the shelf andbegan se

46、tting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed mycompany. But why did he never look at me?Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with, I thought. Perhaps he senses thatI respect his suffering.”Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at

47、 mesuddenly.Its your turn, he said.After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. Hewrote to me a few times. about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get intouniversity. Now he had really started to live his own life.Maybe I gave David som

48、ething. But I also learned that one-without any words-can reach outto another person.All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear thatlistens. 36. When he first met the author, David _.A. felt a little excitedB. walked energeticallyC. looked a little nervous D. showed up

49、 with his teacher解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的his hands shaking slightly.可以知道答案。此题易错选B,因为文中有一句话是这样说的kept walking up and down restlessly.如果选它，不符合文章中说的学生有心理问题。答案：C37.As a psychologist, the author _.A. was ready to listen to DavidB. was skeptical about psychologyC. was able to describe Davids problemD. was sure of handling Davids problem解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openlyand sympathetically.”不能得出答案。答案：A 38. David enjoyed being with the author because he _.A. wanted to ask the author