职称英语综合类A级-57及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语综合类 A 级-57 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.These are the motives for doing it.（分数：1.00）A.reasonsB.excusesC.answersD.replies2.The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west.（分数：1.00）A.extendsB.stretchesC.broadensD.bends3.Many economists have given in to the fat

2、al lure of mathematics.（分数：1.00）A.errorB.puzzleC.attractionD.contradiction4.With immense relief I stopped running.（分数：1.00）A.noB.littleC.scarceD.enormous5.A great deal has been done to remedy the situation.（分数：1.00）A.maintainB.improveC.preserveD.protect6.John is collaborating with Mary in writing an

3、 article.（分数：1.00）A.cooperatingB.marryingC.combiningD.arguing7.He will consolidate his power.（分数：1.00）A.strengthenB.winC.abandonD.unite8.Many scientists have been probing psychological problems.（分数：1.00）A.solvingB.exploringC.settlingD.handling9.Hearing problems may be alleviated by changes in diet a

4、nd exercise habits.（分数：1.00）A.removedB.curedC.treatedD.lessened10.The conclusion can be deduced from the premises.（分数：1.00）A.goneB.derivedC.doneD.come11.The food is insufficient for three people.（分数：1.00）A.scarceB.shortC.marginalD.inadequate12.Most of the butterflies perish in the first frosts of au

5、tumn.（分数：1.00）A.dieB.disappearC.migrateD.vanish13.But ultimately he gave in.（分数：1.00）A.undoubtedlyB.certainlyC.finallyD.necessarily14.It is a complicated problem.（分数：1.00）A.strangeB.complexC.difficultD.unusual15.In Britain and many other countries appraisal is now a tool of management.（分数：1.00）A.eva

6、luationB.productionC.efficiencyD.publicity二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Going Back to Its BirthplaceNo sporting event takes hold of the world“s attention and imagination like the Olympic Games. The football World Cup fascinates fans in Europe and South America; baseball“s World Series is required view

7、ing in North America; and the World Table Tennis Championships attracts the most interest in Asia. But the Olympics belong to the whole world. Now, after travelling to 17 countries over 108 years, the summer Games are returning to Athens, the place where the first modern Olympics was held. Participa

8、tion in the Games is looked on not only as an achievement, but also as an honour. The 16 days between August 13 and 29 will. see a record 202 countries compete, up from Sydney“s 199. Afghanistan is back, having been banned from Sydney because the Taliban government didn“t let women do sports. There

9、is also a place for newcomers East Timor and Kiribati. A total of 10,500 athletes will compete in 28 sports, watched by 5.3 million ticket-paying viewers as well as a television audience of 4 billion. Athens is to use its rich history and culture to make the Olympics as special as possible. The Game

10、s will open with cycling events which start in front of the Parthenon and Acropolis monuments. The final event will be a historic men“s marathon following the original route run by Phidippides in 490 BC to bring news of victory over the Persians. The ancient stadium at Olympia, first used for the Ga

11、mes nearly three centuries ago, will stage the shot put competitions. And the Panathenian Stadium, where the first modern Olympics was held, is to host the archery (射箭) events. If the well-known ancient sites deliver a great sense of history to the Games, the 39 new venues add a modern touch to the

12、city of Athens. The main Olympic stadium, with a giant glass and steel roof, is the landmark (标志) building of the Olympics. “We believe that we will organize a “magical“ Games,“ said Athens 2004 President Gianna Angelopoulos-Daskalaki. “Our history with the Olympic Games goes back nearly 3,000 years

13、, and Athens 2004 could be the best ever.“（分数：7.00）(1).The World Table Tennis Championships attracts the most interest in Asian countries.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Participation in the Olympic Games is looked upon as an honor as well as an achievement.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not men

14、tioned(3).Many state leaders will attend the opening ceremony.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The Games will open with cycling events because these events will take hold of the world“s attention.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The first modern Olympics was held nearly three centu

15、ries ago.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The Panathenian Stadium is the landmark building of Olympics.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Athens 2004 has been proven to be the best Olympic Games.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Even Intelligent P

16、eople Can Fail1 The striking thing about the innovators who succeeded in making our modern world is how often they failed. Turn on a light, take a photograph, watch TV, search the Web, jet across the Pacific Ocean, talk on a cellphone (手机). The innovators who left us these things had to find the way

17、 to success through a maze (错综复杂) of wrong turns. 2 We have just celebrated the 125th anniversary of American innovator Thomas Edison“s success in heating a thin line to white-hot heat for 14 hours in his lab in New Jersey, US. He did that on October 22, 1879, and followed up a month later by keepin

18、g a thread of common cardboard alight (点亮着的) in an airless space for 45 hours. Three years later he went on to light up half a square mile of downtown Manhattan, even though only one of the six power plants in his design worked when he turned it on, on September 4, 1882. 3 “Many of life“s failures,“

19、 the supreme innovator said, “are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up.“ Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work. 4 No one likes failure,

20、 but the smart innovators learn from it. Mark Gumz, the head of the camera maker Olympus America Inc, attributes some of the company“s successes in technology to understanding failure. His popular phrase is: “You only fail when you quit.“ 5 Over two centuries, the most common quality of the innovato

21、rs has been persistence. That is another way of saying they had the emotional ability to keep up what they were doing. Walt Disney, the founder of Disneyland, was so broke after a succession of financial failures that he was left shoeless in his office because he could not afford the US $1.50 to get

22、 his shoes from the repair shop. Pioneering car maker Henry Ford failed with one company and was forced out of another before he developed the Model T car. 6 Failure is harder to bear in today“s open, accelerated world. Hardly any innovation works the first time. But an impatient society and the med

23、ia want instant success. When American music and movie master David Geffen had a difficult time, a critic said nastily that the only difference between Geffen Records (Geffen“s company) and the Titanic (the ship that went down) was that the Titanic had better music. Actually, it wasn“t. After four y

24、ears of losses, Geffen had so many hits (成功的作品) he could afford a ship as big as the Titanic all to himself.（分数：8.00）(1).A. Importance of learning from failure B. Quality shared by most innovators C. Edison“s innovation D. Edison“s comment on failure E. Contributions made by innovators F. Miseries e

25、ndured by innovators Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）(5).A. he developed 3,000 theories B. he couldn“t afford to buy a pair of shoes C. he found himself an unsuccessful man D. they quitted E. an innovation should work immediately F.

26、 failure is the mother of success People often didn“t realize how close they were to success when 1.（分数：1.00）(6).Before Henry Ford eventually developed the Model T car, 1.（分数：1.00）(7).Walt Disney was once so poor that 1.（分数：1.00）(8).The media demand that 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(

27、总题数：1，分数：15.00)More Than a Ride to SchoolThe National Education Association claims, “The school bus is a mirror of the community.“ They further add that, unfortunately, what appears on the exterior (外部) does not always reflect the reality of a chosen community. They are right, and sometimes it refle

28、cts more! Just ask Liesl Denson. Riding the school bus has been more than a ride to school for Liesl. Bruce Hardy, school bus driver for Althouse Bus Company has been Liesl“s bus driver since kindergarten. Last year when Liesl“s family moved to Parkesburg, knowing her bus went by her new residence,

29、she requested to ride the same bus. This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year riding the bus. She says, “It“s been a great ride so far! My bus driver is so cool and has always been a good friend and a good listener. Sometimes when you“re a child adults do not think that what you have

30、to say is important. Mr. Hardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel important.“ Her friends Ashley Batista and Amanda Wolfe agree. Bruce Hardy has been making Octorara students feel special since 1975. This year he will celebrate 30 years working for Althouse Bus Transportation.

31、 Company President, Larry Althouse acknowledges Bruce Hardy“s outstanding record. “You do not come by employees like Bruce these days; he has never missed a day of work and has a perfect driving record. Recognized in 2000 by the Pennsylvania School Bus Association for driving 350,000 accident free m

32、iles, Hardy“s reputation is made further evident through the relationships he has made with the students that ride his bus.“ Althouse further added, “Althouse Bus Transportation was established 70 years ago and has been providing quality transportation ever since. My grandfather started the business

33、 with one bus. Althouse Bus Transportation is delighted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and safe service to our local school and community and looks forward to continuing to provide quality service for many more years to come.“ Three generations of business is not all the company has en

34、joyed. Thanks to drivers like Bruce Hardy, they have been building relationships through generations. Liesl“s mother Carol also enjoys fond memories of riding Bruce Hardy“s bus to the Octorara School District.（分数：15.00）(1).The word “mirror“ in the first line could be best replaced by（分数：3.00）A.“vehi

35、cle“.B.“device“.C.“company“.D.“reflection“.(2).How long has Bruce Hardy been working for Althouse Bus Transportation?（分数：3.00）A.For 30 years.B.For 70 years.C.Since last year.D.Since 2000.(3).Which of the following statements is NOT true of Bruce Hardy?（分数：3.00）A.He is cool.B.He is a good friend.C.He

36、 is impatient.D.He has driven 350,000 accident free miles.(4).Who founded Althouse Bus Transportation?（分数：3.00）A.Larry Althouse.B.Althouse“s grandfather.C.Liesl“s mother.D.Ashley Batista.(5).What has Althouse Bus Transportation been mainly aiming at?（分数：3.00）A.Making as much money as possible.B.Buil

37、ding up its fame.C.Developing its business.D.Providing the local community with quality service.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Don“t Count on DungConservationists (自然保护主义者) may be miscalculating the numbers of the threatened animals such as elephants, say African and American researchers. The error occurs bec

38、ause of a flaw in the way they estimate animal numbers from the piles of dung (粪) the creatures leave behind. The mistake could lead researchers to think that there are twice as many elephants as there really are in some regions, according to Andrew Plumptre of the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS

39、) in New York. Biologist Katy Payne of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, agrees. “We really need to know elephant numbers and the evidence that we have is quite indirect,“ says Payne, who electronically tracks elephants. Counting elephants from planes is impossible in the vast rainforests of C

40、entral Africa. So researchers often estimate elephant numbers by counting dung piles in a given area. They also need to know the rate at which dung decays. Because it“s extremely difficult to determine these rates, however, researchers counting elephants in one region tend to rely on standard decay

41、rates established elsewhere. But researchers at the WCS have found that this decay rate varies from region to region depending on the climate and environment. Using the wrong values can lead the census astray (离开正道). says Plumptre. He and his colleague Anthony Chifu Nchanji studied decaying elephant

42、 dung in the forests of Cameroon. They found that the dung decayed between 55 and 65 per cent more slowly than the dung in the rainforests of neighbouring Gabon. If researchers use decay rates from Gabon to count elephants in Cameroon, they would probably find more elephants than are actually around

43、. This could mean estimates in Cameroon are at least twice as high as those derived from decay rates calculated locally, says Plumptre. “However accurate your dung density estimate might be, the decay rate can severely affect the result.“ Plumptre also says that the dung-pile census should be carrie

44、d out over a region similar in size to an elephant“s natural range. The usual technique of monitoring only small, protected areas distorts numbers because elephants move in and out of these regions, he says. “If the elephant population increases within the protected area, you can not determine wheth

45、er it is a real increase or whether it is due to elephants moving in because they are being poached (入侵偷猎) outside.“ Plumptre says that similar problems may also affect other animal census studies that rely on indirect evidence such as nests, tracks or burrows (地洞).（分数：15.00）(1).The word “threatened

46、“ in the first sentence of the first paragraph could be best replaced by（分数：3.00）A.“endangered“.B.“frightened“.C.“killed“.D.“angered“.(2).Why do researchers estimate elephant numbers in an area by counting dung piles?（分数：3.00）A.Because elephants are difficult to catch.B.Because it is not possible to

47、 count elephants from a plane.C.Because it is not possible to keep track of elephants.D.Because elephants are shy animals.(3).Piles of dung can“t be relied upon when it comes to estimate elephant numbers because（分数：3.00）A.they are different in size.B.they scatter all over the region.C.they are diffe

48、rent in decay rate.D.they are different in quality.(4).According to Plumptre, the region over which a dung-pile census is carried out should be（分数：3.00）A.small enough.B.well protected.C.carefully monitored.D.large enough.(5).The first word “He“ in paragraph 6 refers to（分数：3.00）A.Andrew Plumptre.B.Ka

49、ty Payne.C.Anthony Chifu Nchanji.D.the writer of the article.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)More Than Just MoneyWhen Patricia Rochester decided to go back to school after ten years as a staff nurse at Toronto Western Hospital. her employer not only cheered her on, but also paid her tuition and gave her a day off with pay every week to study. Throughout her years at the hospital, Rochester has also taken workshops on everything from coaching peers to career developmentcourses that she believes have helped her advance at work. “I“m now head of the mentoring (指导) program for new hires, students and staff