职称英语理工类A级-35及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语理工类 A 级-35 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Can you follow the plot? A. change B. investigate C. write D. understand（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed. A. result B. judgment C. decision D. event（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Even in a highly mod

2、ernized country, manual work is still needed. A. physical B. mental C. natural D. hard（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.She seemed to have detected some anger in his voice. A. noticed B. heard C. realized D. got（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.I am not certain whether he will come. A. determined B. sure C. sorry D. glad（分数：1.00

3、）A.B.C.D.6.I had some difficulty in carrying out the plan. A. making B. keeping C. changing D. implementing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Such personal sacrifices, even if they are largely symbolic, help to create the sense of community and employee loyalty that is crucial to the Japanese way of doing business.

4、 A. significant B. accurate C. acute D. cruel（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.In short, I am going to live there myself. A. In other words B. That is to say C. In a word D. To be frank（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Please do not hesitate to call me if I can be of further assistance. A. contact B. see C. help D. touch（分数：1.00

5、）A.B.C.D.10.We all think that Marys husband is a very boring person. A. shy B. stupid C. dull D. selfish（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.They only have a limited amount of time to get their points across. A. large B. total C. small D. similar（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Norman Blarney is an artist of deep convictions. A.

6、 statements B. beliefs C. suggestions D. claims（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Mr. Johnson evidently regarded this as a great joke. A. readily B. casually C. obviously D. simply（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The workers in that factory manufacture furniture. A. promote B. paint C. produce D. polish（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.He h

7、as trouble understanding that other people judge him by his social skills and conduct. A. style B. behavior C. mode D. attitude（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The Cold PlacesThe Arctic is a polar region. It surrounds the North Pole.Like Antarctica, the Arctic is a land of ice and snow.

8、Antarctica holds the record for a low temperature reading 125 Fahrenheit below zero. Readings of 85 degrees below zero are common in both the Arctic and Antarctica. Winter temperatures average 30 degrees below zero in the Arctic. At the South Pole the winter is about 73 degrees below zero.One thing

9、alone makes it almost impossible for men to live in Antarctica and in parts of the Arctic. This one thing is the low temperaturethe killing chill of the far North and the polar South.To survive, men must wear the warmest possible clothing. They must build windproof shelters. They must keep heaters g

10、oing at all times. Not even for moment can they be unprotected against the below-zero temperature.Men have a way of providing for themselves. Polar explorers wrap themselves in warm coats and furs. The cold makes life difficult. But the explorers can stay alive.What about animals? Can they survive?

11、Do we find plants? Do we find life in the Arctic and the Antarctica? Yes, we do. There is life in the oceans. There is life on land.Antarctica, as we have seen, is a cold place indeed. But this has not always been the case. Expedition scientists have discovered that Antarctica may have been much lik

12、e our own.Explores have discovered coal in Antarctica. This leads them to believe that Antarctica at one time was a land of swamps and forests. Heat and moisture must have kept the trees in the forests alive.（分数：7.00）(1).As discovered by expedition scientists, Antarctica has not always been so cold

13、as it is today, so has the Arctic.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Winter temperatures average 85 degrees below zero in Antarctic（分数：1.00）A.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned(3).The Arctic and Antarctica are no mans lands because of their notorious coldness.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentio

14、ned(4).Polar explorers can stay alive without heaters and windproof shelters.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Despite the hostile environment, both animals and plants can be found in the oceans and on land in polar areas.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The lowest temperature that

15、man has ever known was recorded in Antarctic（分数：1.00）A.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned(7).At one time, the weather in Antarctica was so warm and damp that trees grew there.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00) A. Pacific war B. Gloomy world C. Putins commemorating

16、speech D. Chinas determination E. Schroeders plea for forgiveness F. Worlds worst disaster（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ A. an opening ceremony B. 61 countries C. a wreath laying ceremony D

17、. the 60th anniversary of its victory over Nazi Germany E. the road of peace and development F. 55 million people of their lives（分数：4.00）(1).Russia celebrated 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).World War Two deprived 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).China pledges herself to follow 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The world leaders fi

18、nally attended 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Experts Call for Local and Regional Control ofSites for Radioactive WasteThe withdrawal of Nevadas Yucca Mountain as a potential nuclear waste repository has reopened the debate over how and where to dispose of spent n

19、uclear fuel and high-level nuclear waste. In an article in the July 10 issue of Science, University of Michigan geologist Rodney Ewing and Princeton University nuclear physicist Frank yon Hippel argue that, although federal agencies should set standards and issue licenses for the approval of nuclear

20、 facilities, local communities and states should have the final approval on the siting of these facilities. The authors propose the development of multiple sites that would service the regions where nuclear reactors are located.“The main goal., should be to provide the Unied States with multiple alt

21、ernatives and substantial public involvement in an open siting and design process that requires acceptance by host communities and states,“ the authors write.Ewing and yon Hippel also analyze the reasons why Yucca Mountain, selected by Congress in 1987 as the only site to be investigated for long-te

22、rm nuclear waste disposal, finally was shelved after more than three decades of often controversial debate. The reasons include the sites geological problems, management problems, important changes in the Environmental Protection Agencys standard, unreliable funding and the failure to involve local

23、communities in the decision-making process.Going forward, efforts should be directed at locating storage facilities in the nations northeastern, southeastern, mid-western and western regions, and states within a given region should be responsible for developing solutions that suit their particular c

24、ircumstances. Transportation of nuclear waste over long distances, which was a concern with the Yucca Mountain site, would be less of a problem because temporary storage or geological disposal sites could be located closer to reactors.“This regional approach would be similar to the current approach

25、in Europe, where spent nuclear fuel and high-level nuclear waste from about 150 reactors and reprocessing plants is to be moved to a number of geological repositories in a variety of rock types,“ said Rodney Ewing, who has written extensively about the impact of nuclear waste management on the envir

26、onment and who has analyzed safety assessment criteria for the controversial Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following words can best substitute the word “withdrawal“ in the first paragraph?（分数：3.00）A.Retirement.B.Canceling.C.Replaced.D.Disposal.(2).According to Ro

27、dney Ewing and Frank von Hippel, where to locate nuclear facilities _.（分数：3.00）A.should be approved by the federal governmentB.should be approved by local people and statesC.should be approved by CongressD.is not an important issue(3).What is NOT true about the 1987 decision by Congress concerning s

28、iting of nuclear waste disposal?（分数：3.00）A.Yucca Mountain was selected as the only site for a nuclear waste repository.B.The selection of Yucca Mountain for nuclear waste disposal caused much controversy.C.The decision by Congress was put aside due to a number of problems.D.The decision by Congress

29、was accepted by local communities.(4).What does the author of the essay in the fourth paragraph want to say?（分数：3.00）A.Efforts should be made to solve the problems of transportation of nuclear waste over long distance.B.Efforts should be made to develop as many nuclear disposal sites in the US as po

30、ssible.C.Efforts should be made to develop nuclear disposal sites to suit the circumstances of the region.D.Efforts should be made to build up temporary nuclear disposal sites as possibl(5).What is meant by “regional approach“ as mentioned in the last paragraph?（分数：3.00）A.Waste disposal sites are lo

31、cated close to reactors and in places suitable for the regional circumstances.B.Geological repositories are located in a variety of rock types.C.Spent nuclear fuel and high-level nuclear waste is moved to developing countries.D.Waste disposal sites are located far away from reactors.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：1

32、5.00)The Problem Brought By Increasing PopulationA very important world problem is the increasing number of people who actually inhabit this planet. The limited amount of land and land resources will soon be unable to support the huge population if it continues to grow at its present rate.So why is

33、this huge increase in population taking place? It is really due to the spread of the knowledge and practice of what is becoming known as “Death Control“. You have no doubt heard of the term “Birth Control“. “Death Control“ is something rather different. It recognizes the work of the doctors and scie

34、ntists who now keep alive people who, not very long ago, would have died of a variety of then incurable diseases. Through a wide variety of technological innovations that include farming methods and the control of deadly diseases, we have found ways to reduce the rate at which we die. However, this

35、success is the very cause of the greatest threat to mankind.If we examine the amount of land available for this ever-increasing population, we begin to see the problem. If everyone on the planet had an equal share of land, we would each have about 50,000 square meters. This figure seems to be quite

36、encouraging until we examine the amount of usable land we actually have. More than three fifths of the worlds land cannot produce food.Obviously, with so little land to support us, we should be taking great care not to reduce it further. But we are not! Instead, we are consuming its “capitalits nonr

37、enewable fossil fuels and other mineral deposits that took millions of years to form but which are now being destroyed in decades. We are also doing the same with other vital resources not usually thought of as being nonrenewable such as fertile soils, groundwater and the millions of other species t

38、hat share the earth with us.It is a very common belief that the problems of the population explosion are caused mainly by poor people living in poor countries who do not know enough to limit their reproduction. This is not true. The actual number of people in an area is not as important as the effec

39、t they have on nature. Developing countries do have an effect on their environment, but it is the populations of richer countries that have a far greater impact on the earth as a whole.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the article, what contributes to the population increase?（分数：3.00）A.Birth explosion.B.Bi

40、rth Control.C.Technological innovations.D.Death Control.(2).The word “incurable“ in Paragraph 2 means _.（分数：3.00）A.commonB.epidemicC.unknownD.untreatable(3).There isnt enough land to support human being because _.（分数：3.00）A.most of the worlds land is unusableB.there are more seas than land in the wo

41、rldC.the worlds land has already been taken upD.the worlds land is not distributed equally(4).In Paragraph 4 the writer implies that fertile soils are _.（分数：3.00）A.limitedB.renewableC.nonrenewableD.productive(5).What does “to limit their reproduction“ in the last paragraph mean?（分数：3.00）A.To control

42、 deathB.To produce less goodsC.To practice birth controlD.To increase七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Wealth, Only Belonging to One GenerationThe rich have traditionally passed their wealth on to their children. But an increasing number of billionaires are choosing not to. The reason? They want their children t

43、o live on themselves and not to turn into spoiled successors.Nicola Horlick or “supermum“, a famous British billionaire, owing to the fact that she has high-flying jobs and five kids, has spent her career making a reported 250m pounds. She now seems determined to throw off large parts of it. She alr

44、eady gives away about 25% of her income each year; she has just revealed, in a report on the state of charity in the city, that she will not be leaving most of the remainder to her children. “I think it is wrong to give too much inherited wealth to children,“ Horlick told the reports authors. “I wil

45、l not be leaving all my wealth to my children because that would just ruin their lives.“ She is by no means the first to go public with this conviction.Bill Gates has put an estimated $30billion into the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. This was supplemented, in 2009, by another $24bn or so from h

46、is friend Warren Buffett. Buffett has always been colorful, quotably clear on where he stands. His daughter often tells a story of finding herself without change for a car parking ticket-her father lent her $20, then promptly made her write him a check. “To suggest that the children of the wealthy s

47、hould be just as wealthy,“ he has said, “is like saying the members of Americas 2004 Olympic team should be made up only of the children of the 1980 Olympic team.“Anita Roddick, the late founder of the Body Shop, told her kids that they would not inherit one penny. The money that she made from the c

48、ompany would go into the Body Shop Foundation, which isnt one of those awful tax shelters, like some in America. It just functions to take the money and give it away.（分数：15.00）(1).The billionaires mentioned in the passage dont want to leave much of their wealth to their children because _.（分数：3.00）A

49、.they prefer to give their wealth to charityB.they want their business to go on healthilyC.they believe too much wealth will harm their childrenD.they hope their children can make more money themselves(2).What do we learn about Nicola Horlick?（分数：3.00）A.She has already given away about 25% of her wealth.B.She is the first one who declares to