大学英语六级102及答案解析.doc

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1、大学英语六级 102 及答案解析(总分：448.01，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Beijing Olympics Volunteers in My Eyes. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 1奥运志愿者所需具备的素质 2为什么参加奥运志愿者活动 3志愿者工作需要付出，

2、但值得一做 Useful words and expressions: 志愿者：volunteer(n./v.) 申请：apply for，application(n.) 招募：recruit(v.)，recruitment(n.) （分数：30.00）_二、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Power Struggle Arnold Schwarzenegger has a mission: he wants to terminate global warming. In June, the California governor called for the

3、 state to cut down drastically its greenhouse-gas emissions to 80% of 1990 levels in the next 45 years. “The debate is over,“ he said in a forthright speech in San Francisco. “We know the science. We see the threat. And we know the time for action is now.“ This was fighting talk, but if any advanced

4、 economy can pull off such drastic cuts in emissions, this high-technology Pacific Rim state and its 36 million residents probably can. Schwarzenegger has help. He gets support from a team of state energy-conservation experts who have been in the business for years. And first among them is Arthur Ro

5、senfeld. More than three decades ago, Rosenfeld helped to trigger the states successful fight to cut energy consumption; today he is one of the five members of Californias Energy Commission. Rosenfeld spent decades as a physics professor at the University of California, Berkeley. He now commutes wee

6、kly between his home overlooking San Francisco Bay and Sacramento, the capital, in an energy-saving car that the state provides. The Energy Commissions job isnt easy: to help the most populous US state figure out how it might cut greenhouse-gas emissions and make money doing it. Under control In his

7、 office, Rosenfeld pulls out a data plot of which he is particularly fond. It shows electricity consumption per capita from 1960 to 2002, with one line for California and one for the United States. In 1960, both lines sit at 4,000 kilowatt-hours per person. They rise at roughly the same pace to abou

8、t 7,000 kilowatthours in the early 1970s. But at the point when the US energy crisis struck that decade, the lines diverge dramatically: California virtually flatlines its energy use per citizen even though its economy was outpacing the rest of the nation. The states electricity use per capita today

9、 is the lowest in the nation at 6,800 kilowatt-hours, compared with 12,800 kilowatthours for the country overall. The strategies that helped California achieve those conservation goals may now help it in its greenhouse-gas cuts. State energy experts, including Rosenfeld, dont foresee California adop

10、ting many radical new technologies to meet its ambitious goals. Rather, a steady application of proven technologies should do much of the job. Californias $1.5-trillion gross annual product makes it the worlds sixth largest economy, behind France and ahead of Italy. It is the planets ninth-largest e

11、mitter of greenhouse gases. “California is not an insignificant actor, and we are seen as a world leader in protecting the environment,“ says Eileen Tutt, a senior officer at the California Environmental Protection Agency. Still, the governors pledge, made on the United Nations World Environment Day

12、, invited more support. Schwarzenegger is a tax-cutting Republican who is deeply suspicious of government regulation. Beset by budget fights and union opposition, he has dropped in popularity with the states generally Democratic voters since his election two years ago. But his energy policies, build

13、ing on those of a string of governors of both parties, get him reputation from longtime activists. “The governor is a real-life climate action hero today,“ Nancy Ryan, a senior economist with the group Environmental Defense, told reporters. Specifically, Schwarzenegger vowed that California will cut

14、 its greenhouse-gas emissions to below 2000 levels by 2010 and to less than the 1990 level of 373 million tonnes by 2020. But then the governor added the final, ambitious goal to cut emissions by a further 80% by 2050. Out on a limb His policy stands in opposite contrast to that of the federal admin

15、istration under President George W. Bush, who has refused to ratify the Kyoto Protocol to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions. The president has said that such action would squeeze the US economy too much. California officials say that they can do it while boosting the economy and creating jobs. The sta

16、tes strong environmental policies in the past, they point out, occurred while its economy thrived. Success will require the cooperation of several interlocking agencies. The Energy Commission plays a major role, as do the states Environmental Protection Agency, Air Resources Board and Public Utiliti

17、es Commission. Schwarzeneggers proclamation renewed their “absolute licence to go out and make California a model country for greenhouse policies“, says Stephen Schneider, a physicist and climate-policy analyst at Stanford University. State officials have much at stake. Californias climate could cha

18、nge utterly if a warmer world redirected storm paths. Rising temperatures could cause winter rain instead of snow in the Sierra Nevada mountains, triggering floods for which the states aqueducts(沟渠) and dams are not prepared. Plus, its coast is vulnerable to a rise in sea level. Other states have al

19、so recognized their vulnerability to climate change, and have independently taken climate policy into their own hands. Local legislators, from mayors of cities to state governors, have begun their own versions of Kyoto-like regulations. In the northeast, nine states have agreed to limit carbon dioxi

20、de emissions from more than 600 power plants in the region. On the west coast, California has joined with Oregon and Washington in a governors initiative to encourage energy efficiency and conservation. But of all the states, Californias example has caused effect: in recent years many other states h

21、ave adopted Californias standards for car pollution rather than the more lax federal standards. And the state is now attracting international attention. In September, its Public Utilities Commission, Energy Commission and the Pacific Gas and Electric Company signed a pact (合同) with Chinas Jiangsu pr

22、ovince to train officials and utility executives in energy-conservation tactics. Earlier this month, Schwarzenegger led a sales delegation to China to tout (吹捧) the states energy-saving technologies, and another team from the states Air Resources Board travelled to Belgium to brief European air-qual

23、ity experts on energy policies. Californias approach to energy conservation has helped it save money. The state sets electricity rates for private utilities, and sometimes provides subsidies to help power companies induce customers to cut their consumption. If they do, the state gives money back to

24、the companies through rate adjustments and other payments that makes up for what the firms would have earned had they built additional power plants. The Energy Commission calculates that the total power bill for residents is about $16 billion lower each year than if the state had not launched its co

25、nservation campaign. Conservation has also managed to prevent some 18 million tonnes of carbon pollution being emitted from power plants equivalent to taking 12 million cars off the roads. After allowing for the cost of measures such as changed building practices, appliances and subsidies, the net s

26、aving is about $12 billion. And deeper energy cuts should pay more, the commission says. The Air Resources Board estimates that planned reductions in greenhouse-gas emissions by 2020, from motor vehicles alone, could save Californians $256 million annually by 2010 (mostly from smaller fuel bills), a

27、nd $4.8 billion annually by 2020. Cut and dried? But will the states longer-term emissions policy succeed? Schneider is unsure how cost-effective the whole plan will be. Earlier stages may pay for themselves, he says, but the final leap to the 80% cut is unlikely to come without costs. “It would tak

28、e a total modification of our fuel infrastructure(基础设施),“ he notes. So far, even state planners arent sure how they will meet the later goals. “We dont have the details, but well have a report to the governors office in January,“ says Tutt. Some fresh ideas are already in the works. One notion, is t

29、o place 1 million solarpanel (太阳能) systems on rooftops by 2018. California gets about 11% of its electricity from geothermal, wind, biomass and solar units; for the United States overall, the number is around 2%. California aims to increase its share of renewable sources to 20% by 2010 and to 33% by

30、 2020. Also helpful will be the vehicle clean-up legislation enacted just before Schwarzeneggers arrival. This requires car manufacturers, starting in 2009, to cut greenhouse-gas emissions from new cars and trucks by 22% by 2013 and 33% by 2017. But the law remains in dispute perhaps predictably, ca

31、r companies have sued. They argue that carbon dioxide is not a pollutant, and that regulating it at state level would pre-empt (先占) federal control over the fuel-efficiency standards in new cars. In the long run, the governor has chosen hydrogen-fuelled cars as his personal crusade. Wind power figur

32、es large in state plans. California pioneered wide-scale use of it and already has more than 14,000 wind turbines. In a good breeze their combined capacity is 2,100 megawatts about the same as two nuclear power plants. State energy officials estimate that wind alone, in principle, can generate an ad

33、ditional 30,000 megawatts. （分数：71.00）(1).Arnold Schwarzenegger is the California governor.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).The job of Californias Energy Commission is to help US to cut down greenhouse-gas emissions.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).The electricity consumption per capita in America is 12,800 kilowatt-hou

34、rs today.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).To realize its goal, California will adopt many new technologies.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Schwarzeneggers energy policies get him reputation_.（分数：7.10）_(6).Schwarzeneggers energy policy is_ to that of the federal administration under President George W. Bush.（分数：7.10）_(

35、7).The policys success requires the cooperation between_, _,_, and_.（分数：7.10）_(8).Many local governments, from cities to state, have enacted (通过法案) their own versions of_ regulations of climate policy.（分数：7.10）_(9).According to the Energy Commission, the total power bill for residents in California

36、is about_ if the state had not launched its conservation campaign.（分数：7.10）_(10).California obtains about 11% of its electricity from_,_, _and_.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.He will tell Mary how to operate the dishwasher.B.He will wash the dishes himself instead.C.He will help B

37、ill to translate the manual.D.He himself will operate the dishwasher.A.Lose weight.B.Quit smoking.C.Weight himself frequently.D.Have a talk with the doctor.A.The woman should have complained to her neighbor.B.The woman should stay out until the neighbors are quiet.C.The woman should have stayed at t

38、he library.D.The lab will be a better place for reading.A.Check the figures later today.B.Do the calculations again tomorrow.C.Bring a calculator tomorrow.D.Calculate the number fight now.A.She doesnt remember much about the city.B.Shes never been to the city.C.She would find someone else to help.D.

39、She would talk to the man later.A.She thinks the man should have helped earlier.B.She doesnt need the mans help.C.She doesnt know the boxes are heavy.D.She wants the man to help with the boxes.A.She let the man use her books for the weekend.B.She brought the books the man asked for.C.She borrowed th

40、e books from the man.D.She offered to help the man.A.Shed like to have the windows open.B.She likes to have the air conditioner on.C.The air is heavily polluted.D.The windows are already open.A.Hes going to visit a photo studio.B.Hes just had his picture taken.C.Hes on the way to the theater.D.Hes j

41、ust returned from a job interview.A.At a gas station.B.In a park.C.In an emergency room.D.At a garage.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.He cant find his office key.B.He has misplaced some exams.C.He is unable to talk.D.He doesnt like his classroom.A.Mark the latest homework assignment.B.Put a cancellatio

42、n notice on the classroom door.C.Make an appointment with the doctor.D.Return some exams to his students.A.Teach Dons class while hes absent.B.Give Professor Webster the key to Dons office.C.Leave a message on the board in Dons classroom.D.Bring Don the homework that was due today.A.To put the homew

43、ork on Dons desk.B.To leave the master key for Don.C.To give Dons students the next assignment.D.To call Don at the end of the afternoon.A.He cant find his office key.B.He has misplaced some exams.C.He is unable to talk.D.He doesnt like his classroom.A.Teach Dons class while hes absent.B.Give Profes

44、sor Webster the key to Dons office.C.Leave a message on the board in Dons classroom.D.Bring Don the homework that was due today.A.To put the homework on Dons desk.B.To leave the master key for Don.C.To give Dons students the next assignment.D.To call Don at the end of the afternoon.五、Section B(总题数：3

45、，分数：30.00)A.Because the bottle was empty and useless.B.Because he wanted to lighten the load of his small plane.C.Because the bottle might be useful to the native Africans.D.Because he wanted to amuse the local tribes people.A.A message from the outside world.B.A symbol of misfortune.C.A warning fro

46、m the gods.D.A gift from the gods.A.The local Africans are peace-loving people.B.Soda bottles are very precious in some remote areas.C.A trivial thing may sometimes bring about undesirable consequences.D.Caution must be taken in introducing new technology.A.They thought that the gods were all crazy.

47、B.They were isolated from the outside world.C.They enjoyed living in the peaceful desert.D.They worshipped the gods all the more after the incident.A.Always.B.Once.C.Twice.D.Three times.A.4.2 billion years ago.B.3.3 billion years ago.C.2.9 billion years ago.D.1.2 billion years ago.A.From rocks in the mountain.B.From the remains of ancient sea life.C.From the