【考研类试卷】考研英语-459及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语-459 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、The (1) of the fluo(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.（分数：0.50）A.brought inB.brought forC.brought aboutD.brought around2.（分数：0.50）A.MarketsB.AffairsC.CentersD.Fairs3.（分数：0.50）A.constantlyB.consistentlyC.permanentlyD.instantly4.（分数：0.50）A.onB.b

2、yC.withD.from5.（分数：0.50）A.currentB.streamC.flowD.flight6.（分数：0.50）A.more efficient asB.so efficient thanC.so efficient asD.as efficient as7.（分数：0.50）A.makingB.makesC.causesD.causing8.（分数：0.50）A.despiteB.besidesC.exceptD.owing to9.（分数：0.50）A.leading toB.resulting fromC.resulting inD.bringing in10.（分数

3、：0.50）A.mythB.legendC.secretD.mystery11.（分数：0.50）A.lifelineB.lifeworkC.lifespanD.lifeguard12.（分数：0.50）A.basisB.principleC.ideaD.thesis13.（分数：0.50）A.nicerB.thinnerC.finerD.better14.（分数：0.50）A.changesB.gainsC.challengesD.lunges15.（分数：0.50）A.longB.extensiveC.exquisiteD.extreme16.（分数：0.50）A.lightingB.li

4、ghtedC.litD.lightening17.（分数：0.50）A.linesB.darkensC.protectsD.brightens18.（分数：0.50）A.survivesB.remainsC.lastsD.continues19.（分数：0.50）A.discoveryB.inventionC.conventionD.creation20.（分数：0.50）A.allowB.permitC.rejectD.absorb三、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Text 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00

5、)21.According to the passage, uranium ore is very dangerous because_（分数：2.00）A.it produces radioactive substances after it is dug outB.it has caused deaths of many minersC.the mining of it produces dangerous by-productsD.there is a problem in mining techniques22.Hot containers of nuclear wastes to b

6、e put in Antarctic region would_（分数：2.00）A.remain above ice sheetsB.be safe to environmentC.be highly probableD.remain under sea23.It is implied in the passage that the primary difficulty in seeking a safe way to dispose of nuclear wastes is caused by_（分数：2.00）A.the nuclear process involving the dan

7、ger of radioactivity at its every stageB.fuel for nuclear reactors producing dangerous wastesC.the weakness scientists have found in every previous methodsD.the nature of nuclear wastes together with their lengthy life span24.The best title for the passage might be_（分数：2.00）A.Nuclear Energy and Publ

8、ic SafetyB.Uranium Ore and Its CharacteristicsC.Scientific Approach to Disposal of Nuclear WastesD.Nuclear Process and Its Wastes25.According to the passage, scientists failed to_（分数：2.00）A.discover the characteristic of nuclear processB.discover the nature of uranium oreC.save the life of uranium m

9、inersD.store nuclear wastes in underwater tanks六、Text 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.The author regards the notion that heat pumps have a genuine drawback as a（分数：2.00）A.cause for regretB.sign of premature defeatismC.welcome challengeD.focus for an educational campaign27.According to the passage, the role of t

10、he flow restriction in a heat pump is to_（分数：2.00）A.measure accurately the flow rate of the refrigerant-mass at that pointB.compress and heat the refrigerant vaporC.bring about the evaporation and cooling of refrigerantD.exchange heat between the refrigerant and the air at that point28.The primary p

11、urpose, of the passage is to_（分数：2.00）A.explain the differences in the working of a heat pump when the outdoor temperature changesB.contrast the heating and the cooling modes of heat pumpsC.describe heat pumps, their use, and factors affecting their useD.advocate the more widespread use of heat pump

12、s29.If the authors assessment of the use of heat pumps is correct, which of the following best expresses the lesson that advertisers should learn from this case?_（分数：2.00）A.Do not make exaggerated claims about the products you are trying to promote.B.Focus your advertising campaign on vague analogie

13、s and veiled implications instead of on facts.C.Do not use facts in your advertising that will strain the prospective clients ability to believe.D.Do not assume in your advertising that the prospective clients know even the most elementary scientific principles.30.It can be inferred from the passage

14、 that, in the course of a heating season, the heatingcapacity of h heat pump is greatest When_（分数：2.00）A.heating is least essentialB.electricity rates are lowestC.its compressor runs the fastestD.outdoor temperatures hold steady七、Text 3(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.What is the real cause of the anxiety of the

15、workers and employees?_（分数：2.00）A.They are likely to lose their jobsB.They have no genuine satisfaction or interest in lifeC.They are faced with the fundamental realities of human existenceD.They are deprived of their individuality and independence32.To solve the present social problems the author s

16、uggests that we should_（分数：2.00）A.resort to the production mode of our ancestorsB.offer higher wages to the workers and employeesC.enable man to fully develop his potentialitiesD.take the fundamental realities for granted.33.What is one of the authors attitude towards industrialism?_（分数：2.00）A.Appro

17、valB.DissatisfactionC.SuspicionD.Tolerance34.By “a well-oiled cog in the machinery” the author intends to render the idea that man is_（分数：2.00）A.a necessary part of the society though each individuals function is negligibleB.working in complete harmony with the rest of the societyC.an unimportant pa

18、rt in comparison with the rest of the society though functioning smoothlyD.a humble component of the society, especially when working smoothly35.From the passage we can infer that real happiness of life belongs to those_（分数：2.00）A.who are at the bottom of the societyB.who are higher up in their soci

19、al statusC.who prove better than their fellow competitorsD.who could keep far away from this competitive world八、Text 4(总题数：5，分数：10.00)36.The author suggests that energy savings could be realized_（分数：2.00）A.with more effective transportation of consumer goodsB.with better educational programs and pla

20、nning techniquesC.with an efficient system of inner-city transportationD.with forceful limitation of the use of the automobile37.The best title for the passage might be_（分数：2.00）A.Americans Annual Consumption of GasB.Importance of Energy ConservationC.Energy ProblemsD.Automobile-Americas Thirsty Mac

21、hine38.Most people do not realize that_（分数：2.00）A.the manufacture of the automobile requires much energyB.gasoline is more expensive than home heating oilC.automobile speed lowers energy efficiencyD.oil resources could someday run out39.The authors implication is that_（分数：2.00）A.small cars use energ

22、y efficientlyB.anti-pollution devices on automobiles are not effectiveC.Americans have to import a great quantity of gas each yearD.Americans waste energy40.According to the author , what do most people realize?_（分数：2.00）A.Alternate sources of energy must be foundB.Car pools help to solve some of th

23、e energy problemC.The automobile uses large amounts of gasolineD.Great efforts have been made to solve the energy problem九、Part B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Just as 2001 was com(总题数：5，分数：10.00)41.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_42.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_43.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_44.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_45.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_十一、Part C(总题数：0，分数：0.00

24、)十二、When the public dema(总题数：5，分数：10.00)46.（分数：2.00）_47.（分数：2.00）_48.（分数：2.00）_49.（分数：2.00）_50.（分数：2.00）_十三、Section Writing(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十四、Part A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)51.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “James“ instead. You do no

25、t need to write the address. (10 points)（分数：10.00）_十五、Part B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)52.3. It is important to sustain our efforts to ban smoking.（分数：20.00）_考研英语-459 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、The (1) of the fluo(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.（分数：0.50）A.brought inB.brought forC.brought

26、 about D.brought around解析：参见题 1。bring about 意为“引起，带来”。2.（分数：0.50）A.MarketsB.AffairsC.CentersD.Fairs 解析：fairs 指“商品展览会，商品交易会”。这里应该指展览会。3.（分数：0.50）A.constantly B.consistentlyC.permanentlyD.instantly解析：(A)constantly“不断地”；(B)consistently“一贯地”；(C)permanently“永久地”；(D) instantly“马上地”。该句意为，这种更有效、照射更好、寿命更长的灯不

27、断地得到改进。4.（分数：0.50）A.on B.byC.withD.from解析：参见题 9，它的制造方法完全不同于白炽灯。buildon 为固定搭配，意为“基于”。5.（分数：0.50）A.current B.streamC.flowD.flight解析：electric current 意为“电流”。6.（分数：0.50）A.more efficient asB.so efficient thanC.so efficient asD.as efficient as 解析：该句意为，这种荧光灯的效果强于战时英国工厂使用的无影灯七、八倍。作比较应用“aSaS”。7.（分数：0.50）A.ma

28、kingB.makesC.causesD.causing 解析：参见题 17。使它发光，causing 为分词短语作状语，表结果。8.（分数：0.50）A.despite B.besidesC.exceptD.owing to解析：该句意为，但是尽管它已经广泛使用达 30多年，荧光灯对于多数用户来说仍然是个迷，它的制造原理完全不同于白炽灯。despite 表示“让步”，符合题意。9.（分数：0.50）A.leading toB.resulting fromC.resulting in D.bringing in解析：该句意为，在荧光管中，一束电子流轰击含有水银的气体，产生看不见的紫外线。res

29、ulting in“产生，导致”，这里为分词短语作状语表示同时发生的动作。10.（分数：0.50）A.mythB.legendC.secretD.mystery 解析：参见题 9，指对大多数用户仍然是个迷，应用 mystery“神秘，神秘的事物”。11.（分数：0.50）A.lifelineB.lifeworkC.lifespan D.lifeguard解析：lifespan 意为“寿命”，符合题意。(A)1ifeline“生命线”；(B)1ifework“毕生事业”；(D) lifeguard“救生员”。12.（分数：0.50）A.basisB.principle C.ideaD.thesi

30、s解析：制造“原理”应用“principle”。13.（分数：0.50）A.nicerB.thinnerC.finer D.better解析：该句意为，钨丝比人发还纤细。fine“好的，细的，纤细的”。14.（分数：0.50）A.changesB.gainsC.challenges D.lunges解析：该句意为，这样，慢慢地，荧光灯向全球家用白炽灯发起了挑战。15.（分数：0.50）A.longB.extensive C.exquisiteD.extreme解析：参见题 9，指广泛使用。16.（分数：0.50）A.lighting B.lightedC.litD.lightening解析：这

31、里是分词短语作定语修饰 fluorescent tube“荧光灯”，表示“照亮”应用lighting。lightening 意为“发光”。17.（分数：0.50）A.lines B.darkensC.protectsD.brightens解析：该句意为，紫外线照射排列在管壁的荧光涂料，使它发光。line“排列”，符合题意。18.（分数：0.50）A.survivesB.remainsC.lasts D.continues解析：表示“持续多长时间”，应用 Iast“持续，维持”。19.（分数：0.50）A.discoveryB.invention C.conventionD.creation解析

32、：该句意为，荧光管的发明在发展更好和更便宜的照明设备方面引起了一场重大革命。指发明应用“invention”20.（分数：0.50）A.allowB.permit C.rejectD.absorb解析：permit“准许：允许”，该句意为，荧光灯可以保持较凉的温度，使灯能达到更大的亮度。(A)allow“允许”；(C)reject“拒绝”；(D)absorb“吸收”。permit 和 allow都含“准许”的意思，在许多情况下可以通用，permit 较 allow正式，含有“积极地、从正面地允许”的意义。allow 指“并不反对”或“不加阻止”，偏重“默许”或“听任”。三、Section Re

33、ading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Text 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.According to the passage, uranium ore is very dangerous because_（分数：2.00）A.it produces radioactive substances after it is dug outB.it has caused deaths of many minersC.the mining of it produces dangerous by-products D.there is

34、a problem in mining techniques解析：第二段第二句提到，在开采铀矿时会产生具有放射性物质的副产品。22.Hot containers of nuclear wastes to be put in Antarctic region would_（分数：2.00）A.remain above ice sheetsB.be safe to environmentC.be highly probableD.remain under sea 解析：最后一段最后一句提到，一种方法是将存放核废料的热容器放在南极地区，它会将冰熔化而沉入海底。23.It is implied in

35、the passage that the primary difficulty in seeking a safe way to dispose of nuclear wastes is caused by_（分数：2.00）A.the nuclear process involving the danger of radioactivity at its every stageB.fuel for nuclear reactors producing dangerous wastesC.the weakness scientists have found in every previous

36、methodsD.the nature of nuclear wastes together with their lengthy life span 解析：第一段第一句指出，科学家无法找到一个安全处置核废料的方法是核能中的主要问题。第二句提到许多核废料在几万年中仍然具有放射性，有的甚至可达 25万年。故(D)符合答案。24.The best title for the passage might be_（分数：2.00）A.Nuclear Energy and Public Safety B.Uranium Ore and Its CharacteristicsC.Scientific Ap

37、proach to Disposal of Nuclear WastesD.Nuclear Process and Its Wastes解析：文章主要讨论利用核能和如何保障公众安全，(A)概括了文章内容。25.According to the passage, scientists failed to_（分数：2.00）A.discover the characteristic of nuclear processB.discover the nature of uranium ore C.save the life of uranium minersD.store nuclear waste

38、s in underwater tanks解析：第二段第三句提到，铀矿的放射性作用会导致死亡，但在很长时间人们没有发现。六、Text 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.The author regards the notion that heat pumps have a genuine drawback as a（分数：2.00）A.cause for regret B.sign of premature defeatismC.welcome challengeD.focus for an educational campaign解析：作者对热泵的原理和作用进行了详细和客观的叙述，持积

39、极的态度，但文章最后提到其弱点，以then为转折，认为是一种遗憾。27.According to the passage, the role of the flow restriction in a heat pump is to_（分数：2.00）A.measure accurately the flow rate of the refrigerant-mass at that pointB.compress and heat the refrigerant vaporC.bring about the evaporation and cooling of refrigerant D.exc

40、hange heat between the refrigerant and the air at that point解析：第二段第二至六句指出，制冷剂开始是以一种低温低压的气体进入压缩机，然后以高温和压缩的气体进入冷凝器，成为高压和冷却的液体，由于制冷剂的限制，压力下降，制冷剂膨胀并蒸发，变得冷却。28.The primary purpose, of the passage is to_（分数：2.00）A.explain the differences in the working of a heat pump when the outdoor temperature changesB.

41、contrast the heating and the cooling modes of heat pumpsC.describe heat pumps, their use, and factors affecting their use D.advocate the more widespread use of heat pumps解析：本文主要叙述空调系统中的热泵的原理、使用和问题，(C)能概括内容。29.If the authors assessment of the use of heat pumps is correct, which of the following best

42、expresses the lesson that advertisers should learn from this case?_（分数：2.00）A.Do not make exaggerated claims about the products you are trying to promote.B.Focus your advertising campaign on vague analogies and veiled implications instead of on facts.C.Do not use facts in your advertising that will

43、strain the prospective clients ability to believe. D.Do not assume in your advertising that the prospective clients know even the most elementary scientific principles.解析：第一段指出，广告商关于热泵的宣传是违背能量守恒定律的。最后一段也指出热泵的致命弱点：在极其寒冷的气候，当需要最大热量时，热泵却不能提供足够的热量。30.It can be inferred from the passage that, in the cour

44、se of a heating season, the heatingcapacity of h heat pump is greatest When_（分数：2.00）A.heating is least essential B.electricity rates are lowestC.its compressor runs the fastestD.outdoor temperatures hold steady解析：第五段第二、四句指出，热泵的制热能力随着室外温度下降而降低。原因是：被压缩的制冷剂容量减少，通过热泵循环传送的热负荷就越少。可见，随着温度升高，加热就没有必要。七、Text

45、 3(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.What is the real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees?_（分数：2.00）A.They are likely to lose their jobsB.They have no genuine satisfaction or interest in lifeC.They are faced with the fundamental realities of human existenceD.They are deprived of their individuality an

46、d independence 解析：第二段第一句指出，工人和雇员感到担忧，不仅发现自己会失业，同样因为他们不能获取对生活的满足感和兴趣。(D)最贴近题意。32.To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should_（分数：2.00）A.resort to the production mode of our ancestorsB.offer higher wages to the workers and employeesC.enable man to fully develop his potentialities D.take the fundamental realities for granted.解析：第五段第四句指出，我建议将我们官僚管理的工业化社会制度变革成一个人道主义的工业社会，极大化生产和消费将被终止，人和充分发展潜能成为全部社会优先目标。33.What is one of the authors attitude towards industrialism?_（分数：2.00）A.ApprovalB.Dissatisfaction C.SuspicionD.Tolerance解析：全文对对当前官僚管理表示了强烈的批评，并提出变革，显示了作者