【考研类试卷】考研英语-353及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语-353 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、In 1971 a team of ex(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.（分数：0.50）A.andB.orC.neitherD.but2.（分数：0.50）A.reduceB.increaseC.compareD.match3.（分数：0.50）A.toB.ofC.byD.with4.（分数：0.50）A.byB.inC.onD.at5.（分数：0.50）A.inB.toC.byD.way6.（分数：0.50）A.necessarilyB.e

2、ventuallyC.timelyD.doubtfully7.（分数：0.50）A.onB.secondC.lastlyD.in addition8.（分数：0.50）A.sometimeB.sometimesC.some timeD.some times9.（分数：0.50）A.byB.atC.toD.on10.（分数：0.50）A.thatB.whichC.oneD.experts11.（分数：0.50）A.because ofB.apart fromC.in addition toD.in spite of12.（分数：0.50）A.SoB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.Tho

3、ugh13.（分数：0.50）A.howeverB.furthermoreC.even ifD.because14.（分数：0.50）A.namelyB.consequentlyC.moreoverD.as a result15.（分数：0.50）A.AssumingB.In caseC.Apart fromD.In addition16.（分数：0.50）A.the lessB.the slowerC.the soonerD.the fewer17.（分数：0.50）A.atB.byC.onD.in18.（分数：0.50）A.howeverB.thoughC.providingD.even

4、if19.（分数：0.50）A.onB.byC.inD.for20.（分数：0.50）A.atB.toC.byD.in三、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Text 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.From the first sentence of the passage, we learn that_（分数：2.00）A.acid rain has caused air pollutionB.acid rain has caused widespread environmental damageC.a

5、cid, rain has become a much studied subjectD.acid rain travels in all directions before it rains down22.The second paragraph is mainly about_（分数：2.00）A.the origin of acid rainB.the cause of acid rainC.the formation .of acid rainD.the widespread damage of acid rain23.Acid fog_（分数：2.00）A.falls down wh

6、en the atmosphere is moistB.is not as frequent as acid rainC.often falls in the region of Manchester, EnglandD.is as damaging as acid rain24.Governments_（分数：2.00）A.deny that industries causes acid rainB.admit that they are only partly responsibleC.claim that they are the main sources of pollutionD.t

7、hink that the cause of acid rain needs further study25.Why is acid rain little understood?_（分数：2.00）A.Because it is a new phenomenonB.Because it is not frequent enoughC.Because its formation is complexD.Because it is difficult to study it六、Text 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.The main idea of the passage is bes

8、t expressed by which of the following? _（分数：2.00）A.Business organizations should not spend so much money to attract new customersB.Maintaining customers patronage is the most important to business organizationsC.Customers are kingsD.Organizations should pay more attention to the benefit of their cus

9、tomers27.The author might probably disagree with which of the following statements?_（分数：2.00）A.Some errors and failures are unavoidableB.Both an organization and their customer are responsible for certain errorC.An attitude of indifference towards their customers might result in a heavy loss of prof

10、itD.Only regular customers deserve good treatment28.What does the author imply in the sentence“The old saw that all customers should be treatedalike is a myth”?_（分数：2.00）A.Its not real that customers should be treated equalB.Its not true that all customers are treated equalC.Customers received equal

11、 treatment in the pastD.Its an old story that customers were treated equal29.Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the second paragraph? _（分数：2.00）A.Customers should always be well servicedB.Without loyal customers an organization might go bankruptC.Companies can employ custofners to

12、advertise their productsD.It is difficult for large organizations to provide their customers with good service30.The word “identify” in the fourth paragraph is the same as _（分数：2.00）A.noticeB.distinguishC.describeD.recognize七、Text 3(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.Which of the following is NOT true?_（分数：2.00）A.Fl

13、at rate benefits are based on the contributions one has madeB.One automatically has thee right to fiat rate benefits regardless of contributions madeC.If one is out of work, he can get the fiat rate benefitsD.If the government decides one is below the minimum standard of living, supplementary benefi

14、ts are provided.32.The new approach to the social security system will spend_（分数：2.00）A.over 45% of the health authority expenditureB.less on care of the elderlyC.almost 30% of the public expenditureD.one-third of the public expenditure33.To get flat rate benefits one needs_（分数：2.00）A.to claimB.deta

15、ils of his capital assets and source of incomeC.certain number of contributionD.nothing34.Which benefits have to be demanded?_（分数：2.00）A.UnemploymentB.Flat rateC.SupplementaryD.None of the above35.Owing to the efforts of the originators of the Welfare State_（分数：2.00）A.the living standard had been gr

16、eatly improvedB.the cost of living has been improvedC.people can live a longer lifeD.Both A and C八、Text 4(总题数：5，分数：10.00)36.It is said in the third paragraph that Abraham Lincoln_（分数：2.00）A.was anti-socialB.learned little from his friendsC.had few friendsD.knew very few doctors37.We may say in gener

17、al that Lincoln was_（分数：2.00）A.a failure because of his ignoranceB.a man who triumphed over his disadvantagesC.an exceptionally successful and well-educated personD.an illiterate man, but with some natural talents38.The habit of reflection helped Lincoln_（分数：2.00）A.to develop independenceB.to become

18、 more opinionatedC.to attain clear convictionsD.to become a hesitant person39.The implication of the second paragraph is that Abraham Lincoln_（分数：2.00）A.was illiterateB.was never educatedC.was never provided with any regular educationD.behaved rudely when he was young40.We are also told that Abraham

19、 Lincoln_（分数：2.00）A.never cared much for readingB.did much reading when he was youngC.never had much chance to readD.became an enthusiastic reader when he was grown up九、Part B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Applicants who have (总题数：5，分数：10.00)41.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_42.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_43.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_44.（分数：2.00）填空项

20、 1:_45.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_十一、Part C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、46) Maybe they are t(总题数：5，分数：10.00)46.（分数：2.00）_47.（分数：2.00）_48.（分数：2.00）_49.（分数：2.00）_50.（分数：2.00）_十三、Section Writing(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十四、Part A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)51.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end

21、 of the letter. Use “Mary“ instead. You do not need to write the address .( 10 points)（分数：10.00）_十五、Part B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)52.3. But wealth seldom goes hand in hand with happiness.（分数：20.00）_考研英语-353 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、In 1971 a team of ex(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1

22、.（分数：0.50）A.andB.or C.neitherD.but解析：eitheror为固定结构，表示“不是就是”。2.（分数：0.50）A.reduce B.increaseC.compareD.match解析：reduce pollution 意为“减少污染”。3.（分数：0.50）A.toB.of C.byD.with解析：adoption of measures 采取措施，表示动宾关系。4.（分数：0.50）A.byB.in C.onD.at解析：succeedin 为固定搭配，表示“成功，达到”。5.（分数：0.50）A.inB.to C.byD.way解析：lead to 为固

23、定搭配，意为“通往，通向”。如，The path leads to the village这条小路通到那村庄。6.（分数：0.50）A.necessarilyB.eventually C.timelyD.doubtfully解析：从上下文看，以上因素会最终使资源枯竭。故 eventually“最终”符合题意。7.（分数：0.50）A.onB.second C.lastlyD.in addition解析：由于前面用了关联词 first，为对应，应使用 second，意为“首先”，“第二”。8.（分数：0.50）A.sometimeB.sometimesC.some time D.some tim

24、es解析：(A)sometime“某一时候”；(B)sometimes“不时，有时”；(C)sometime“在未来的某时”(D)sometimes“几次”。该句表示未来某个时候，故(C)应为答案。9.（分数：0.50）A.by B.atC.toD.on解析：参见题 2。表示“根据，按照”应用 by。10.（分数：0.50）A.thatB.which C.oneD.experts解析：该句应为非限定性定语从句，应该填人一个关系代词，只能用 which，同时与前一 which引导的从句对应。11.（分数：0.50）A.because of B.apart fromC.in addition to

25、D.in spite of解析：从上下文看应表示原因，故应填入 because of。12.（分数：0.50）A.SoB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.Though 解析：该句意为，尽管是用温和的语言所描绘，但由该调查得出的结论令人震惊。分句明显应为转折关系。13.（分数：0.50）A.howeverB.furthermoreC.even if D.because解析：从上下文看，这里应该是一个表示让步的状语从句，evenr“即使，尽管”符合要求。14.（分数：0.50）A.namely B.consequentlyC.moreoverD.as a result解析：后面的内容是对前

26、面内容的进一步说明，故 namely“就是说”符合题意。15.（分数：0.50）A.Assuming B.In caseC.Apart fromD.In addition解析：assume“假定，假设”，常常用于句首，引导一表示假设内容的从句。如，Assuming the house is for sale，would you buy it?假如那座房子出售，你要买吗?16.（分数：0.50）A.the lessB.the slowerC.the sooner D.the fewer解析：该句意为，它们被开发得越快，耗尽也越快。the soonerthesooner意为“越快，就越”17.（分

27、数：0.50）A.atB.byC.on D.in解析：base on 为固定搭配，意为“基于”。18.（分数：0.50）A.however B.thoughC.providingD.even if解析：该句明显为转折关系，填人成分应为一副词，只有 however符合要求。19.（分数：0.50）A.onB.byC.inD.for 解析：depend 后面接 on，但句中 on被置于 whose votes前，后面应填入 for，表用途，表示这些选票“用于政治支持”。20.（分数：0.50）A.at B.toC.byD.in解析：at the rate of 为固定搭配，表示“以的速度”，whi

28、ch 前面可加介词。三、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Text 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.From the first sentence of the passage, we learn that_（分数：2.00）A.acid rain has caused air pollutionB.acid rain has caused widespread environmental damage C.acid, rain has become a much studied subjectD.aci

29、d rain travels in all directions before it rains down解析：第一段第一句指出，酸雨是空气污染的一种形式，由于其所造成的普遍环境损害，最近人们对它展开了激烈的争论。22.The second paragraph is mainly about_（分数：2.00）A.the origin of acid rainB.the cause of acid rainC.the formation .of acid rainD.the widespread damage of acid rain 解析：第二段第三句概括了本段内容：然而，酸雨对环境的广泛破

30、坏在近几年很明显。23.Acid fog_（分数：2.00）A.falls down when the atmosphere is moistB.is not as frequent as acid rainC.often falls in the region of Manchester, EnglandD.is as damaging as acid rain 解析：第一段第三句指出，污染同样会以雪、雾等干燥的形式降落地面。最后一句指出，干燥形式的沉积物对环境的损害与液体形式一样。24.Governments_（分数：2.00）A.deny that industries causes a

31、cid rainB.admit that they are only partly responsibleC.claim that they are the main sources of pollutionD.think that the cause of acid rain needs further study 解析：第三段第二句后半句指出，由于减少环境污染的高成本，政府倾向于支持企业的观点，即作进一步的研究。25.Why is acid rain little understood?_（分数：2.00）A.Because it is a new phenomenonB.Because

32、it is not frequent enoughC.Because its formation is complex D.Because it is difficult to study it解析：第三段第二句指出，由于大气中酸雨形成的化学反应很复杂，几乎不为人们所了解。六、Text 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.The main idea of the passage is best expressed by which of the following? _（分数：2.00）A.Business organizations should not spend so much mo

33、ney to attract new customersB.Maintaining customers patronage is the most important to business organizations C.Customers are kingsD.Organizations should pay more attention to the benefit of their customers解析：第一段第一句指出，一些商业组织的奇怪事情是他们花许多钱去招揽新顾客，但不在乎他们是否再回头光顾。文章围绕顾客是否再光顾展开讨论，认为是商业成败与否的关键。27.The author

34、might probably disagree with which of the following statements?_（分数：2.00）A.Some errors and failures are unavoidableB.Both an organization and their customer are responsible for certain errorC.An attitude of indifference towards their customers might result in a heavy loss of profitD.Only regular cus

35、tomers deserve good treatment 解析：第二段倒数第二句指出，保持顾客光顾是一个态度问题，要确信每一个到你这来买东西的顾客都有资格得到你提供的最好的服务。这明显与(D)冲突。28.What does the author imply in the sentence“The old saw that all customers should be treatedalike is a myth”?_（分数：2.00）A.Its not real that customers should be treated equalB.Its not true that all cu

36、stomers are treated equal C.Customers received equal treatment in the pastD.Its an old story that customers were treated equal解析：该句意为“有一句古老的格言说，对所有的顾客必须一视同仁”，这是荒诞的说法。作者举例说明经常大量订购商品的顾客会受到更多的注意。29.Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the second paragraph? _（分数：2.00）A.Customers should a

37、lways be well servicedB.Without loyal customers an organization might go bankrupt C.Companies can employ custofners to advertise their productsD.It is difficult for large organizations to provide their customers with good service解析：第二段第一句指出，忠实的顾客是保护企业不破产的惟一措施，因为忽视和冷淡而失去顾客是最大的过错。30.The word “identify

38、” in the fourth paragraph is the same as _（分数：2.00）A.noticeB.distinguishC.describeD.recognize 解析：第四段最后一句指出，偶尔顾客不能清楚地认识产品或需要的服务，也不应该受到责备。identify“识别”与 recognize“识别”同义。七、Text 3(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.Which of the following is NOT true?_（分数：2.00）A.Flat rate benefits are based on the contributions one has ma

39、deB.One automatically has thee right to fiat rate benefits regardless of contributions made C.If one is out of work, he can get the fiat rate benefitsD.If the government decides one is below the minimum standard of living, supplementary benefits are provided.解析：第一段第三句指出，享受住房补贴率的前提是有过贡献；第四句提到，失业者属于此列

40、；第六句提到，生活在最低生活水平者政府也给予补贴。故(A)、(C)、(D)项均为正确。(B)文中末提到。32.The new approach to the social security system will spend_（分数：2.00）A.over 45% of the health authority expenditureB.less on care of the elderlyC.almost 30% of the public expenditureD.one-third of the public expenditure 解析：第三段第一句指出，现政府在计划一种新的社会保障系

41、统，它约占公共开支的三分之一。33.To get flat rate benefits one needs_（分数：2.00）A.to claimB.details of his capital assets and source of incomeC.certain number of contribution D.nothing解析：从题 1可知，享受住房补贴率的前提是有过贡献。34.Which benefits have to be demanded?_（分数：2.00）A.UnemploymentB.Flat rateC.Supplementary D.None of the abov

42、e解析：第一段倒数第二句指出，这些福利(指补助金)必须提出要求，个人要提交收入和财产的详细清单。35.Owing to the efforts of the originators of the Welfare State_（分数：2.00）A.the living standard had been greatly improvedB.the cost of living has been improvedC.people can live a longer lifeD.Both A and C 解析：第二段第二句指出，福利国家发起人要努力使人们的生活水平提高，寿命延长。八、Text 4(总

43、题数：5，分数：10.00)36.It is said in the third paragraph that Abraham Lincoln_（分数：2.00）A.was anti-socialB.learned little from his friends C.had few friendsD.knew very few doctors解析：第三段第一句和最后一句指出，他没有与他同甘共苦的人，小镇上的人也不了解他。37.We may say in general that Lincoln was_（分数：2.00）A.a failure because of his ignoranceB

44、.a man who triumphed over his disadvantages C.an exceptionally successful and well-educated personD.an illiterate man, but with some natural talents解析：从全文不难看出，林肯是在逆境中成长起来的具有自己特点的伟人。38.The habit of reflection helped Lincoln_（分数：2.00）A.to develop independenceB.to become more opinionatedC.to attain cle

45、ar convictions D.to become a hesitant person解析：第四段第二、三、四句指出，孤独不但培养了他的自信，同时使他养成了思考的习惯。他将自己所了解的一切变成他的特点。他的自信具有清楚和连贯的特点。39.The implication of the second paragraph is that Abraham Lincoln_（分数：2.00）A.was illiterateB.was never educatedC.was never provided with any regular education D.behaved rudely when h

46、e was young解析：第二段第一句指出，林肯生于非常贫困的家庭，从未受过任何教育。40.We are also told that Abraham Lincoln_（分数：2.00）A.never cared much for readingB.did much reading when he was youngC.never had much chance to read D.became an enthusiastic reader when he was grown up解析：第二段第二句指出，他甚至没有学习和培训的书本。九、Part B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Applicants who have (总题数：5，分数：10.00)41.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：F）解析：空白处后面第一句为一条件从句，意为“如果申请人以前没有护照而又出生在美国，一般要向主管护照申请的部门提交出生证明副件。”可推知前面空白处应该与护照和出生有关，而(F)提到以前颁发护照的问题，与该条件从句有前后逻辑关系。42.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_