【考研类试卷】考博英语-523及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-523 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A: Spot Dict(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section B: Multiple (总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section C: Question (总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Part Vocabulary(总题数：40，分数：20.00)1.The destruction of rainforests has been _ as a disaster for the environment.（分数：0.

2、50）A.blamedB.declaredC.condemnedD.appealed2.The car one drives may show his/her _ or social position.（分数：0.50）A.curiosityB.statusC.importanceD.reputation3.It is still not clear what _ a series of argument between them.（分数：0.50）A.contributedB.markedC.ignitedD.triggered4.The local authorities seemed t

3、o _ for the accident taking place last week.（分数：0.50）A.shareB.takeC.criticizeD.blame5.The attack of the World Trade Center will leave a _ impression on those who have witnessed the explosion.（分数：0.50）A.longB.foreverC.lastingD.lively6.Because of a recent obstacle in production, sales have dropped and

4、 accordingly profits have _.（分数：0.50）A.declinedB.increasedC.brokenD.maintained7.Chemistry is closely _ with other studies: physics, biology and so on.（分数：0.50）A.correspondedB.concernedC.correlatedD.cooperated8.The goals and desires _ widely between men and women, between the rich and the poor.（分数：0.

5、50）A.swingB.varyC.distinguishD.transfer9.In order to survive now and _ in the future, all the working staff must constantly create new ideas for every aspect of your business.（分数：0.50）A.maximizeB.thriveC.measuresD.remain10.Since Japan _ importance to education and technological innovation, its econo

6、my has developed at a high speed.（分数：0.50）A.relatesB.appliesC.attachesD.connects11.Concerned people want to _ the risk of developing cancer.（分数：0.50）A.takeB.decreaseC.minimizeD.claimed12.The search for the lost ship must be _ because of poor weather.（分数：0.50）A.releasedB.resignedC.abandonedD.surrende

7、red13.In the _ of the project not being a success, the investors stand to lose up to USD 30 million.（分数：0.50）A.faceB.timeC.eventD.course14.Man may destroy the balance of nature, but from time to time, nature takes a terrible _.（分数：0.50）A.attackB.threatC.lessonD.revenge15.The Great Wall is a great to

8、urist _ , drawing millions of visitors from all parts of the world every year.（分数：0.50）A.attentionB.appointmentC.attractionD.interest16._ is the question of using existing resources to produce original and beneficial solutions, ideas or products.（分数：0.50）A.CreativityB.ProductivityC.ApplicationD.Comb

9、ination17.This policy gave _ to private property and led to differences between the rich and the poor.（分数：0.50）A.lifeB.birthC.wayD.death18.There has been an increase in attendance at lectures _ by the World Affairs Council, which brings international issues to public attention.（分数：0.50）A.developedB.

10、sponsoredC.advancedD.promoted19.There is a high job mobility among young people as they will _ work one day and find a new job the next.（分数：0.50）A.departB.rejectC.quitD.leave20.The full _ of changes in computer technology will be felt within the next few years.（分数：0.50）A.affectB.impactC.actionD.impo

11、rtance21.The survey showed that _ numbers of 15-year-olds were already smoking twenty cigarettes a week.（分数：0.50）A.essentialB.steadyC.primaryD.substantial22.She _ the high unemployment figures as evidence of the failure of the government policy.（分数：0.50）A.citedB.recitedC.listedD.lifted23.The jet qui

12、ckly _ into the sky and soon went out of our view.（分数：0.50）A.ascendedB.launchedC.assessedD.descended24.Disabled people are now able to care for many of their own needs, _ educational goals, and maintain jobs.（分数：0.50）A.attemptB.pursueC.realizeD.perform25.The coming of automation is _ to have importa

13、nt social consequences.（分数：0.50）A.likeB.frightfulC.boundD.compelled26.Why are some of us good at math, or writing, while others _ at art or basketball?（分数：0.50）A.workB.gazeC.aimD.excel27.Sometimes artists find it hard for their works to win popular _.（分数：0.50）A.welcomeB.applauseC.appetiteD.appreciat

14、ion28.It is not too late, but _ action is needed.（分数：0.50）A.fightB.urgentC.hurryD.prompt29.Humans should not develop their economy at the _ of the ecological environment.（分数：0.50）A.destructionB.pollutionC.expenseD.mercy30.It is our _ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.（分数：0.50）

15、A.consistentB.considerateC.certainD.decisive31.His desire to _ other people has caused trouble in his family.（分数：0.50）A.pleaseB.dominateC.forceD.urge32.We must try to _ the best of our moral values for our children and grand-children.（分数：0.50）A.replaceB.remainC.generateD.preserve33.A good deal of th

16、e _ for his achievement in this field must go to his supervisor, Professor Fang.（分数：0.50）A.creditB.reputationC.respectD.praise34.He was seriously injured in a car accident, which was _ to faulty brakes.（分数：0.50）A.attributedB.contributedC.blamedD.applied35.Tom could hardly _ his excitement as he knew

17、 that he had made a real discovery.（分数：0.50）A.concealB.revealC.showD.discover36.The police _ to emergencies in just a few minutes when the accident happened.（分数：0.50）A.respondedB.repliedC.adjustedD.appealed37.Shy people never _ set out to attract attention of other people.（分数：0.50）A.willinglyB.volun

18、tarilyC.decidedlyD.deliberately38.The badly wounded soldiers take _ for medical treatment over those only slightly hurt.（分数：0.50）A.priorityB.measuresC.chanceD.responsibility39.As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order, we have to _ it.（分数：0.50）A.postponeB.refuseC.acceptD.cancel40.Proper

19、 clothes _ for much in business. Thats why you see most business people dress formally.（分数：0.50）A.countB.accountC.allowD.care六、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Passage One(总题数：5，分数：10.00)41.John Bowman was given his first job as a secretary because _.（分数：2.00）A.he was luckyB.no one else appliedC.h

20、e had the best qualificationsD.he wanted to work for a woman42.When he was a post office clerk, secretaries were better paid because _.（分数：2.00）A.they were in shortageB.they were better trainedC.they worked longer hoursD.they had greater responsibility43.A secretary in the future will _.（分数：2.00）A.b

21、e better paidB.have less work to doC.have higher statusD.have more work to do44.The writer believes that before long _.（分数：2.00）A.men and women will compete for secretarial workB.men will take over women s jobs as secretariesC.women will operate most office machinesD.men will be better with machines

22、45.Before the first World War, female secretaries were rare because they _.（分数：2.00）A.wore stockingsB.were not as serious as menC.were less efficient than menD.would have disturbed the other office workers八、Passage Two(总题数：5，分数：10.00)46.An example of product in monopolistic competition is _.（分数：2.00

23、）A.comB.electricityC.airline ticketD.coffee47.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?（分数：2.00）A.MonopoliesB.The Commodity MarketC.The Competition ContinuumD.The Best Type of Competition48.The word “tolerated“ in paragraph 4 could best be replaced by _.（分数：2.00）A.permittedB.re

24、servedC.criticizedD.devised49.The word “it“ in paragraph 3 refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.a product or serviceB.competitionC.revenueD.oligopoly50.What does the author mean by the statement “Although price wars do occur, in which all companies offer substantial savings to customers, a somewhat similar tenden

25、cy to raise prices simultaneously is also usual“?（分数：2.00）A.It is not unusual for all companies to increase prices at the same time.B.It is common for companies to compete for customers by lowering prices.C.Customers may lose money when companies have price wars.D.Prices are lower during price wars,

26、 but they are usually higher afterwar九、Passage Three(总题数：5，分数：10.00)51.The writer thought the man might be _.（分数：2.00）A.someone who had always been a trampB.someone who had once worked for himC.someone who had once been his bossD.someone he often saw in the park52.When the man in park saw the writer

27、, the man _.（分数：2.00）A.bogged some money from himB.tried to hit himC.offered to help himD.walked away from him53.It seems that when Rogers was the writers boss, the writer _.（分数：2.00）A.rather liked RogersB.admired Rogers ability to sellC.thought Rogers was lazyD.was not very happy in his job54.When

28、this story begins, the writer _.（分数：2.00）A.was working for a man called RogersB.was on his way to work in the morningC.was going back to work after lunchD.had finished work and was going home55.When the writer told an ex-colleague about the man in the park, the ex-colleague _.（分数：2.00）A.said that Ro

29、gers was a company directorB.said he was sure Rogers was still in prisonC.didnt know anything about RogersD.seemed to think the man might have been Rogers十、Passage Four(总题数：5，分数：10.00)56.The authors experience shows that he was _.（分数：2.00）A.creativeB.irrationalC.ambitionsD.unrealistic57.In the eyes

30、of the author, a successful engineering student is expected _.（分数：2.00）A.to be imaginative with a value system to guide himB.to be a technical genius with a wide visionC.to have an excellent academic recordD.to be wise and mature58.The author chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts univer

31、sity because he _.（分数：2.00）A.intended to be a sensible student with noble idealsB.wanted to be an example of practicality and rationalityC.intended to be a combination of engineer and humanistD.wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal-arts courses in college59.According to the author, by intera

32、cting with people who study liberal arts, engineering students can _.（分数：2.00）A.broaden their horizonsB.become noble idealistsC.receive guidance in their careersD.balance engineering and the liberal arts60.The word “they“ in paragraph 5 refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.practicality and rationalityB.engineerin

33、g and the liberal artsC.reality and noble idealsD.flexibility and a value system十一、Passage five(总题数：5，分数：10.00)61.The word “obscurity“ in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by _.（分数：2.00）A.disappearanceB.influenceC.qualificationD.tolerance62.Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?（分

34、数：2.00）A.Standard speech.B.Idiomatic speech.C.Different types of speech.D.Dictionary usag63.The author mentions all of the following as requirements for slang expressions to be created except（分数：2.00）A.new situationsB.interaction among diverse groupsC.a new generationD.a number of linguists64.It can

35、 be inferred from the passage that the author _.（分数：2.00）A.does not approve of either slang or colloquial speech in any situationB.approves of colloquial speech in some situations, but not slangC.approves of slang and colloquial speech in appropriate situationsD.does not approve of colloquial usage

36、in writing65.How is slang defined by the author?（分数：2.00）A.Words and phrases accepted by the majority for formal usage.B.Words and phrases understood by the majority but not found in standard dictionaries.C.Words and phrases that axe understood by a restricted group of speakers.D.Words and phrases u

37、nderstood by a large number of speakers but not accepted as formal usag十二、Passage Six(总题数：5，分数：10.00)66.In what way are multinational companies similar to the long-surviving companies studied?（分数：2.00）A.Keeping central control.B.Willing to change.C.Saving money in an old-fashioned way.D.Choosing man

38、agers from within the company.67.Awareness of their identity means _.（分数：2.00）A.knowing who they are in a communityB.knowing what role they should play in societyC.knowing that they are connected with the fortune of their companyD.knowing which positions they belong to68.The longevity of successful

39、companies is determined by _.（分数：2.00）A.knowledge on which they built their fortunesB.easy access to natural resources from which they made moneyC.their ability to learn and adapt to changesD.information on packets carried over vast distances by portage and ship69.W.R. Grace is typical long-lived co

40、mpany that has nm the following business except _.（分数：2.00）A.sugar and tinB.natural fertilizerC.chemical productsD.air planes70.Which of the following does not belong to conservatism in financing?（分数：2.00）A.Money bums a hole in ones pocket.B.Money doesnt grow on trees.C.Money called for is money wel

41、l spent.D.Money breeds money.十三、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)71.（分数：20.00）_考博英语-523 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A: Spot Dict(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section B: Multiple (总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section C: Question (总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Part Vocabulary(总题数：40，分数：20.00)1.The destr

42、uction of rainforests has been _ as a disaster for the environment.（分数：0.50）A.blamedB.declaredC.condemned D.appealed解析：blamed 责备；declared 宣布；condemned 谴责，判刑；appealed 控诉。2.The car one drives may show his/her _ or social position.（分数：0.50）A.curiosityB.status C.importanceD.reputation解析：curiosity 好奇心；st

43、atus 身份，地位；importance 重要性；reputation 名声。3.It is still not clear what _ a series of argument between them.（分数：0.50）A.contributedB.markedC.ignitedD.triggered 解析：contributed 捐献；marked 标记；ignited 点火，使激动；triggered 引发，触发。4.The local authorities seemed to _ for the accident taking place last week.（分数：0.50）

44、A.shareB.takeC.criticizeD.blame 解析：be to blame 应受谴责；share 分享；take for 以为；criticize 批评。5.The attack of the World Trade Center will leave a _ impression on those who have witnessed the explosion.（分数：0.50）A.longB.foreverC.lasting D.lively解析：long 长期的；forever 永远；lasting 持久的；lively 活泼的，逼真的。6.Because of a

45、recent obstacle in production, sales have dropped and accordingly profits have _.（分数：0.50）A.declined B.increasedC.brokenD.maintained解析：declined 下降；increased 增加；broken 打破；maintained 保持。7.Chemistry is closely _ with other studies: physics, biology and so on.（分数：0.50）A.correspondedB.concernedC.correlat

46、ed D.cooperated解析：corresponded 通信，协调；concerned 参与，干预；correlated 使相关联；cooperated 合作，协作。8.The goals and desires _ widely between men and women, between the rich and the poor.（分数：0.50）A.swingB.vary C.distinguishD.transfer解析：swing 摇摆；vary 变化，不同，有差异(主语多为物)；distinguish 区别，辨认(主语多为人)；transfer 转移。9.In order

47、to survive now and _ in the future, all the working staff must constantly create new ideas for every aspect of your business.（分数：0.50）A.maximizeB.thrive C.measuresD.remain解析：maximize 最大化；thrive 兴旺；measures 测量，权衡；remain 保持，剩余。10.Since Japan _ importance to education and technological innovation, its

48、economy has developed at a high speed.（分数：0.50）A.relatesB.appliesC.attaches D.connects解析：attach importance to 重视。11.Concerned people want to _ the risk of developing cancer.（分数：0.50）A.takeB.decreaseC.minimize D.claimed解析：take the risk of doing sth.冒险做；decrease 宣布，断言；minimize 减到最少；claimed声称，主张。12.The search for the lost ship must be _ because of poor weather.（分数：0.50）A.releasedB.resignedC.abandoned D