【考研类试卷】考博英语-474及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-474 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：10，分数：10.00)1.Although most dreams apparently happen _ , dream activity may be provoked by external influence.（分数：1.00）A.spontaneouslyB.simultaneouslyC.homogeneouslyD.instantaneously2.As a _ actor, he can perform, si

2、ng, dance and play several kinds of musical instruments.（分数：1.00）A.flexibleB.versatileC.sophisticatedD.productive3.You need to rewrite this sentence because it is _ . The readers will have difficulty in understanding it.（分数：1.00）A.comprehensiveB.alternativeC.deliberateD.ambiguous4.Anyone who does no

3、t speak the native language, _ Chinese or English, will be accompanied by a translator.（分数：1.00）A.being itB.it beingC.is itD.be it5.He is holding a _ position in the company and expects to be promoted soon.（分数：1.00）A.subordinateB.succeedingC.successiveD.subsequent6.There are not many teachers who ar

4、e strong _ of traditional methods in English teaching.（分数：1.00）A.sponsorsB.contributorsC.advocatesD.performers7.This is an ideal site for a university _ it is far from the downtown are（分数：1.00）A.A. provided thatB. now thatC. so thatD. in that8.The lady dressed in the latest Paris fashion is _ in her

5、 appearance but rude in her speech.（分数：1.00）A.elaborateB.excessiveC.elegantD.exaggerated9.It is essential that you _ your study habits if you expect to do well in college.（分数：1.00）A.changedB.changeC.changingD.will change10.Those who _ the weather as a conventional opening seem to be ignorant of the

6、reason why human beings wish to talk.（分数：1.00）A.disposeB.dispatchC.dismissD.despise三、Section B(总题数：10，分数：10.00)11.(See to it) that the lady (got) what she (wants) and (return to) her hometown safely.（分数：1.00）A.See to itB.gotC.wantsD.return to12.He had a serious car (accident) last week and (broke) h

7、is left leg because he got (drunk) and drove too (fastly).（分数：1.00）A.accidentB.brokeC.drunkD.fastly13.(Viewing biologically), modem (footballers) are (revealed) by the mass media as members of a disguised (hunting pack).（分数：1.00）A.Viewing biologicallyB.footballersC.revealedD.hunting pack14.Sichuan U

8、niversity has not only (a variety of) departments (but) a large (student body) (consisting in) many people from different countries all over the world.（分数：1.00）A.a variety ofB.butC.student bodyD.consisting in15.Treating old folks (kind), in my opinion, is (more a question) of (civilized) behaviour (

9、as) good manners.（分数：1.00）A.kindB.more a questionC.civilizedD.as16.It is not (surprised) that Mr. Smith got no help when he (fell ill). He wasnt (on) good terms with anyone in the (neighbourhood).（分数：1.00）A.surprisedB.fell illC.onD.neighbourhood17.(During) the early stages of the industrial revoluti

10、on, perhaps (one in every seven) (deaths) in Europe s (crowded cities) was caused by tuberculosis.（分数：1.00）A.DuringB.one in every sevenC.deathsD.crowded cities18.According to the (literature) in this field, expert (evidences) originally (appeared) in England, and later (got widen used) in the Common

11、wealth countries.（分数：1.00）A.literatureB.evidencesC.appearedD.got widen used19.The United States (has sent) several (spacecrafts) into orbits (around the earth) and has collected a lot of (information).（分数：1.00）A.has sentB.spacecraftsC.around the earthD.information20.(Like expected), experimental (st

12、udies) show that we should neither run nor scream when (encountering) a fierce animal (like) a lion.（分数：1.00）A.Like expectedB.studiesC.encounteringD.like四、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage 1(总题数：5，分数：5.00)21.What feature sets apart the three dictionaries discussed in the passage from tradit

13、ional ones ?（分数：1.00）A.The combination of two dictionaries into one.B.The new approach to defining words.C.The inclusion of cultural content.D.The increase in the number of entries.22.It is implied in the last paragraph that in approaching socio-cultural content in a dictionary, special thought shou

14、ld be given to _.（分数：1.00）A.the language levels of its usersB.the number of its prospective purchasersC.the different tastes of usersD.the various cultural backgrounds of its users23.The Longman dictionary is more likely to be criticized for cultural prejudice because _.（分数：1.00）A.its scope of cultu

15、ral entries goes beyond the culture of the English-speaking countriesB.it pays little attention to the cultural content of the non-English-speaking countriesC.it views the world purely from the standpoint of the English-speaking peopleD.it fails to distinguish language from culture in its encycloped

16、ic entries24.The BBC dictionary differs from Oxford and Longman in that _.（分数：1.00）A.it has a wider selection of encyclopedic entriesB.it is mainly designed to meet the needs of radio listenersC.it lays more emphasis on language than on cultureD.it is intended to help listeners develop their listeni

17、ng comprehension skills25.What is the passage mainly about?（分数：1.00）A.Different ways of treating socio-cultural elements in the three new English dictionaries.B.A comparison of people s opinions on the cultural content in the three new English dictionaries.C.The advantages of the BBC dictionary over

18、 Oxford and Longman.D.The user-friendliness of the three new English dictionaries.六、Passage 2(总题数：5，分数：5.00)26.According to the author, the introduction of the computer is a revolution mainly because _.（分数：1.00）A.the computer has revolutionized the workings of the human mindB.the computer can do the

19、 tasks that could only be done by people beforeC.it has helped to switch to an information technologyD.it has a great potential impact on society27.The examples of the Challenger and Chernobyl cited by the author serve to show that _.（分数：1.00）A.if not given close examination, technology could be use

20、d to destroy our wordB.technology is a human creation, so we are responsible for itC.technology usually goes wrong, if not controlled by manD.being a human creation, technology is liable to error28.A spear or a robot has the quality of technology only when it _.（分数：1.00）A.is used both as a cultural

21、and a physical objectB.serves different purposes equally wellC.is utilized by manD.can be of use to both man and animal29.By using the phrase the human quality of technology ( Par（分数：1.00）A.2 ), the author refers to the fact that technology _.A. has a gent impact on human lifeB. has some characteris

22、tics of human natureC. can replace some aspects of the human mindD. does not exist in the natural world30.The passage is based on the author s _.（分数：1.00）A.keen insight into the nature of technologyB.prejudiced criticism of the role of the industrial RevolutionC.cautious analysis of the replacement

23、of the human mind by computersD.exaggerated description of the negative consequences of technology七、Passage 3(总题数：5，分数：5.00)31.What started the public and Confessional concern about deceptive packaging rumpus?（分数：1.00）A.Consumers complaint about the changes in package size.B.Expensive packaging for

24、poor quality products.C.A senator s discovery of the tricks in packaging.D.The rise in the unit price for many products.32.Consumers are concerned about the changes in package size, mainly because _.（分数：1.00）A.they hate to see any changes in things they are familiar withB.the unit price for a produc

25、t often rises as a resultC.they have to pay for the cost of changing package sizesD.this entails an increase in the cost of packaging33.The word “undue“ (Line 2. Par（分数：1.00）A.2) means“ _.“.A. improperB. adequateC. unexpectedD. excessive34.The author is critical mainly of _.（分数：1.00）A.dishonest pack

26、agingB.inferior packagingC.the changes in package sizeD.exaggerated illustrations on packages35.According to this passage, various types of packaging come into existence to _.（分数：1.00）A.meet the needs of consumersB.suit all kinds of productsC.enhance the market position of productsD.introduce new pr

27、oducts八、Passage 4(总题数：5，分数：5.00)36.Which of the following is mentioned as one of the causes of bad breath?（分数：1.00）A.Tooth troubleB.Sulfur-rich foodC.Too much exerciseD.Mental Strain37.The phrase “emanate from“ in Paragraph 1 most probably means“ _“.（分数：1.00）A.thrive onB.account forC.originate fromD

28、.descend from38.We can infer from this passage that _.（分数：1.00）A.offensive breath cant easily be curedB.elderly people are less offended by bad breathC.heavy drinkers are less affected by bad breathD.offensive breath is less affected by alcohol39.According to the passage, alcohol has something to do

29、 with bad breath mainly because _.（分数：1.00）A.it keeps offending bacteria from reproducingB.its smell adds to bad breathC.it kills some helpful bacteriaD.it affects the normal flow of saliva40.Mouthwashes are not an effective cure for bad breath mainly because _.（分数：1.00）A.they can t mask the bad odo

30、r long enoughB.they can t get to all the offending bacteriaC.their strong smell mixes with bad breath and makes it worseD.they can t cover the thick layers of mucus九、Passage 5(总题数：5，分数：5.00)41.The emotional aspects of an object are more important than its physical aspects in that they _.（分数：1.00）A.h

31、elp society exploit its members for profitB.encourage us to perform important tasksC.help to perfect the legal and penal systemD.help us adapt our behavior to the world surrounding us42.Emotions are significant for man s survival and adaptation because _.（分数：1.00）A.they provide the means by which pe

32、ople view the size or shape of objectsB.they are the basis for the social feeling of agreement by which society is maintainedC.they encourage people to perform dangerous achievementsD.they generate more love than hate among people43.The reason why people might not be able to stay alive in a world wi

33、thout emotion is that _.（分数：1.00）A.they would not be able to tell the texture of objectsB.they would not know what was beneficial and what was harmful to themC.they would not be happy with a life without loveD.they would do things that hurt each other s feelings44.According to the passage, people s

34、learning activities are possible because they _.（分数：1.00）A.believe that emotions are fundamental for them to stay aliveB.benefit from providing help and support to one anotherC.enjoy being rewarded for doing the right thingD.know what is vital to the progress of society45.It can be inferred from the

35、 passage that the economic foundation of society is dependent on _.（分数：1.00）A.the ability to make moneyB.the will to work for pleasureC.the capacity to enjoy incentivesD.the categorizations of our emotional experiences十、Passage 6(总题数：5，分数：5.00)46.The best title for this passage would be _.（分数：1.00）A

36、.Role of Women and Minorities in ManagementB.The Importance of Being VisibleC.Job Performance and AdvancementD.Sex and Career Success47.The author is of the opinion that Coleman s beliefs are _.（分数：1.00）A.biasedB.popularC.insightfulD.superficial48.To achieve success in your career, the most importan

37、t factor, according to the passage, is to _.（分数：1.00）A.let your superiors know how good you areB.project a favorable image to the people around youC.work as a consultant to your superiorsD.perform well your tasks given by your superiors49.The reason why women and blacks play down their visibility is

38、 that they _.（分数：1.00）A.know that someone in authority will reach down and give them a promotionB.want to give people the impression that they work under false beliefsC.don t want people to think that their promotions were due to their sex or colorD.believes they can get promoted by reason of their

39、sex or color50.According to the passage, “things formerly judged to be best left unsaid“ (Line 2. Par（分数：1.00）A.t ) probably refers to“ _.“A. criticisms that shape everyone s experienceB. the opinions which contradict the established beliefsC. the tendencies that help the newcomers to see office mat

40、ters with a fresh eyeD. the ideas which usually come up with new ways of management in the organization十一、Part Translation(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Section A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)51.The authority of science, which is recognized by most philosophers of the modern epoch, is a very different thing from the authority

41、of the Church, since it is intellectual, not governmental. No penalties fall upon those who reject it; no prudential arguments influence those who accept it. It prevails solely by its intrinsic appeal to reason. It is, moreover, a piecemeal and partial authority; it does not, like the body of Cathol

42、ic dogma, lay down a complete system, covering human morality, human hopes, and the past and future history of the universe. It pronounces only on whatever, at the time, appears to have been scientifically ascertained, which is a small island in an ocean of nescience (非科学). There is yet another diff

43、erence from ecclesiastical authority, which declares its pronouncements to be absolutely certain and eternally unalterable; the pronouncements of science are made tentatively on a basis of probability, and are regarded as liable to modification. This produces a temper of mind very different from tha

44、t of the medieval dogmatist.（分数：5.00）_十三、Section B(总题数：5，分数：20.00)52.我要表达的观点是，作为当代的大学生，我们必须极为尊重知识，尤其是尊重对知识的追求，并非常重视传统、社会的约束和连续性。（分数：4.00）_53.表面上，男人对妇女的能力所做的评论听起来似乎是令人开心的。人们每天都在重复讲述妇女驾驶员的陈腐笑话。这种表面上的开心，显然不能掩饰男人对女人的真正蔑视。无论男人对女人怎样嗤之以鼻，他们自我宣传的优越感并没有为统计资料所证明。（分数：4.00）_54.现代人是在陶醉于电视的状态中成长的。他们耽搁了吃饭，不做家务，牺牲了

45、睡眠时间。电视是普天下的安静剂。母亲为了哄孩子们不哭闹，往往把他们往电视机前一放，而不管他们所看的电视节目的内容是什么只要他们保持安静就行了。（分数：4.00）_55.为什么要实行男女同校的教育呢?想一下下面的这个问题你就会明白了：假如有人叫你在全部由同性组成的社会里生活十二年的时间，你会有什么样的反应呢?至少可以这样说：你不会太乐意，除非你有点不正常。（分数：4.00）_56.野营乐趣无穷特别是如果你合家野营的时候。在旅馆沉闷的房间里徘徊，思忖着他们会给你送来什么样的饭菜，是一桩令人烦心的事儿。形成鲜明的对比的是，来到一个野营地支起帐篷，开始做饭的时候，简直是兴奋无比。（分数：4.00）_十

46、四、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：25.00)57.Our world is developing at an unprecedented rate today, which is certainly a good thing in most people s eyes. However, the side effects of development have become noticed by more and more people. Actually, there is substantial controversy over this accelerating tren

47、d of social development among the public. Write a composition of about 300 words on the topic: Is the End of the World at Hand?（分数：25.00）_考博英语-474 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：10，分数：10.00)1.Although most dreams apparently happen _ , dream activity may be provoked by external influence.（分数：1.00）A.spontaneously B.s