【考研类试卷】考博英语-471及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-471 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：15.00)1.I was most favorably struck by the assurance with which the boy answered all my questions.（分数：0.50）A.insuranceB.confidenceC.reluctanceD.independence2.If you can convince the interviewer of your special qualifications, your chanc

2、e of being accepted will be greatly enhanced.（分数：0.50）A.appreciatedB.encouragedC.frustratedD.increased3.Mr. Dane went through his daughters essay carefully, to eliminate slang words from it.（分数：0.50）A.reduceB.exchangedC.removeD.exhibit4.Growing economic problems were highlighted by a slowdown in oil

3、 output.（分数：0.50）A.accounted forB.worked outC.made prominentD.taken for granted5.The foreign minister would reveal nothing about his recent tour of the Middle East beyond what had already been announced at the press conference.（分数：0.50）A.as forB.in addition toC.along withD.in relation to6.The commit

4、tee reported its findings after a thorough investigation.（分数：0.50）A.things that are foundB.decisionsC.results of an enquiryD.files7.Her panic was transient, and ceased when she began to speak.（分数：0.50）A.beyond descriptionB.unnoticedC.passing quicklyD.vague8.Mary is by no means learned; nor is she go

5、od at any practical trade. The only asset she possesses is her beauty.（分数：0.50）A.something valuableB.temptationC.something pleasing to the eyeD.womanly virtue9.Be was interested only in the story and skipped all those passages of landscape description.（分数：0.50）A.thought badly ofB.went overC.went thr

6、oughD.passed over10.This exquisite violin was with superb workmanship.（分数：0.50）A.rather strangeB.pretty cheapC.utterly worthlessD.very lovely11.A trip to the Antarctic is reasonably safe if you take the necessary precautions.（分数：0.50）A.within reasonB.ratherC.beyond doubtD.doubly12.Heavy rains were c

7、ausing inundation and much damage throughout the country.（分数：0.50）A.much inconvenienceB.serious concernC.overflow of waterD.human misery13.Because alcohol is a solvent, it is a component of many liquid medicines.（分数：0.50）A.basic ingredient in making medicinesB.combination of things of different qual

8、itiesC.one of the parts that make up a wholeD.substance that helps to cure certain diseases14.How to evaluate the performance of students is still a problem that troubles many professors.（分数：0.50）A.examine and judgeB.assist inC.enhanceD.account for15.Obviously these are all factors affecting smooth

9、operation, but the underlying problem is still to be identified.（分数：0.50）A.operationalB.fundamentalC.operatingD.underneath16.They are meticulous in work, Well aware a careless mistake will cost the company millions of pounds.（分数：0.50）A.lather casualB.pretty slowC.very carefulD.really considerate17.E

10、xport of handicraft products is the mainstay of the countys economy.（分数：0.50）A.rich resourcesB.primary concernC.only sourceD.main support18.When the pacific War broke out, Edward was drafted by navy and served four full years on a big aircraft carrier.（分数：0.50）A.enlistedB.mobilizedC.approvedD.attrac

11、ted19.The emperor turned to alchemy to ensure immortally, but contrary to his wishes, the wrong chemistry shortened his life.（分数：0.50）A.good fortuneB.quick recovery from his illnessC.never-ending lifeD.everlasting peace20.Many workers felt that they were victimized by automation.（分数：0.50）A.make to w

12、ork hardB.replacedC.caused to sufferD.relieved21.Since the energy crisis, these big cars have become a real liability. They cost too much to run.（分数：0.50）A.lack of reliabilityB.substituteC.costly means of transportD.disadvantage22.The population in last area was growing rapidly. Needless to say, the

13、 housing problem there cried out for immediate solution.（分数：0.50）A.tried hard to findB.called loudlyC.needed very muchD.asked earnestly for23.The incidence of this disease has been greatly reduced thanks to our health care program.（分数：0.50）A.seriousnessB.frequency of occurrenceC.mortalityD.cure rate

14、24.Educational development is bound up with economic progress.（分数：0.50）A.in accordance withB.consistent withC.independent ofD.closely related to25.Young John showed no consistency when he did excellent work the first part of the year and very poor work after that.（分数：0.50）A.state of keeping to the s

15、ame course of actionB.right qualifications to do a jobC.ability to cope With ones workD.great amount of accumulated experience26.With his brows knitted, the doctor contemplated the difficult operation he had to perform.（分数：0.50）A.succeeded inB.decided againstC.went on withD.thought deeply about27.If

16、 the batiks statement agrees with my bank balance, it does not follow indisputably that the balance is correct.（分数：0.50）A.indispensablyB.unquestionablyC.disreputablyD.consequently28.The critics assessment of the book is that it is beautifully written.（分数：0.50）A.comprehensionB.recommendationC.admirat

17、ionD.judgment29.Initially his book did not receive much attention, but two weeks after the critics review appeared in the newspapers, it climbed to the best sellers list.（分数：0.50）A.At firstB.First of allC.At first sightD.From the first30.The man had a rather shady occupation and made a lot of money

18、within a short period of time.（分数：0.50）A.profitableB.comfortableC.honorableD.dishonest二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.The reason why women designers are few is that _.（分数：2.00）A.women are kept at homeB.women prefer to work as assistants of men designersC.women have b

19、een kept out of this profession for longD.very few women want to be designers32.In the writers view, because of suburbanization,_.（分数：2.00）A.many women are forced to move to the suburban areasB.many women are forced to move away from the suburban areasC.many women hate to go to the inner cityD.many

20、women in the suburban areas are forced to stay where they are33.The writer asserts that in design strategies and schemes _.（分数：2.00）A.womens special needs have been neglectedB.womens special needs are just like those of the handicappedC.women designers form a disadvantaged groupD.womens special need

21、s should not be overlooked34.According to paragraph 1, which of the following statements is true?（分数：2.00）A.Industrial revolution made men and women unequal.B.Industrial revolution made men and women equal.C.Industrial revolution made men and women more unequal.D.Industrial revolution made men and w

22、omen more equal.35.The writers message is that the built environment should be _.（分数：2.00）A.beneficial to allB.more beneficial to womenC.more beneficial to menD.gender biased四、Passage 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)36.The last sentence of the 2nd paragraph tells us that the writer believes that _.（分数：2.00）A.the c

23、omputer is as smart as human beingsB.the computer is friends with human beingsC.human beings can interact with the computer and do what they want at their willD.human beings have not used the computer to its fullest advantage37.The writer went to Fuji to _.（分数：2.00）A.participate in a celebrationB.te

24、ach children there how to use the computerC.make an adventure in the seaD.spend the holiday on the seashore38.According to the passage, who shall we fall back on for a better future for the environment?（分数：2.00）A.Our predecessorsB.PoliticiansC.ComputersD.Young people39.Forty years ago people were in

25、different to the health of the ocean because _.（分数：2.00）A.the ocean was immune to any pollution thenB.they didnt know what would come of if the ocean was deadly disruptedC.there was no computer thenD.there wasnt any problem with ocean at that time40.The writers attitude to the prospect of the ocean

26、is _.（分数：2.00）A.desperateB.unconcernedC.optimisticD.pragmatic五、Passage 3(总题数：5，分数：10.00)41.According to the statistics of the 1980s, which of the following is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.The top 20 percent of the workers earned more than the well-paid technicians.B.Over half of the workers were poorly paid.

27、C.There were more service jobs.D.Income still remained unequal.42.According to Paragraph 2, which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：2.00）A.Both mismatch theorists and polarization theorists think that greater inequality will remain.B.Mismatch theorists and polarization theorists have oppos

28、ite views regarding the post-industrial economy.C.Polarization theorists do not think it useful to train the workers.D.Both groups of theorists try to explain the causes of income inequality.43.Which of the following statements is true?（分数：2.00）A.The long-run increase in income inequality is caused

29、by the wage distribution.B.Fewer goods-producing industrial workers will be employed.C.Not enough college students are employed by different services.D.Less educated workers have become more important.44.From the Paragraph 1, we can see that beginning in the 1970s _.（分数：2.00）A.income became more une

30、qualB.income became more equalC.income became more unstableD.income became more stable45.According to the writer, intensifying global competition and immigration will _.（分数：2.00）A.reduce the proportion of union workersB.reduce the real value of the minimum wageC.increase the use of temporary workers

31、D.make the wages of less-educated workers go down六、Passage 4(总题数：5，分数：10.00)46.According to the passage, the rate of employment can be expected to rise when _.（分数：2.00）A.productivity rises at the same rate as growth of the labor forceB.productivity and labor force increase at a greater rate than out

32、putC.output exceeds productivityD.rate of economic growth is less than the number of man hours required47.In the specific recession years noted in the passage, it can be inferred that _.（分数：2.00）A.the rate of unemployment grewB.the rate of employment roseC.labor force growth exceeded final expenditu

33、re for goodsD.full employment was attained48.The authors purpose in this passage is to _.（分数：2.00）A.define the economic terms used in discussion of employmentB.criticize the decisions of past administrations during recession yearsC.call for the application of positive economic control policies in th

34、e year that lie aheadD.allay current fears about increasing unemployment49.It can be inferred from the passage that the author would _.（分数：2.00）A.advocate a carefully managed economyB.prefer the employment rate to rise arid fall with the value of the gross national product as a check on labor costsC

35、.perceive high unemployment as undesirable, but unavoidableD.contend that manipulation of the size of the labor force would prevent recessions in the years noted50.Which of the following statements is supported by the passage?（分数：2.00）A.As productivity rises, a greater amount of labor per dollar of

36、national product can be expected.B.Unemployment falls when production expands faster than labor force.C.Reduction in the growth of productivity and cutback in potential output are in the national interest.D.The long-term rate of growth in our economy, if continued into the future, will eventually de

37、crease our unemployment rate, all other factors remaining constant.七、Passage 5(总题数：5，分数：10.00)51.During the Renaissance, graphs and diagrams _.（分数：2.00）A.were often used to aid scientific researchesB.served as sources of fresh ideas for some scientistsC.could provide scientists with an immense quant

38、ity of knowledgeD.were necessary for the expression of creative ideas52.What is the main idea of the third paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.Geniuses make creations or discoveries in large quantities.B.Geniuses can make many achievements without much effort.C.Geniuses inevitably experience failures before making

39、 a success.D.Geniuses may just produce something common and ordinary.53.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?（分数：2.00）A.Einstein invented the concept of speed of light.B.The Waste Land is a great work of literature.C.Edison made one major invention every 10 days.D.Moza

40、rt composed something every day even when he was sick.54.In order to understand a problem thoroughly, da Vinci _.（分数：2.00）A.referred to numerous booksB.made use of drawings and graphsC.compared it with many other problemsD.approached it from different angles55.In the last paragraph, the author menti

41、ons the playful child in order to show _.（分数：2.00）A.that geniuses are fond of playing games, tooB.that geniuses are as creative as most children with a set of interesting toysC.how geniuses turn ideas into reality in different waysD.why making different combinations can work wonders八、Part Cloze(总题数：

42、0，分数：0.00)九、The wonders which me(总题数：20，分数：10.00)56.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_57.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_58.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_59.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_60.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_61.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_62.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_63.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_64.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_65.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_66.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_67.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_68.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_69.（

43、分数：0.50）填空项 1:_70.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_71.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_72.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_73.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_74.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_75.（分数：0.50）填空项 1:_十、Part Translation(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十一、Translate the underl(总题数：5，分数：10.00)76.（分数：2.00）_77.（分数：2.00）_78.（分数：2.00）_79.（分数：2.00）_80.（分数：2.00）_十二、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：15.00)81.

44、Some people say that in the highly developed industrial and material society, people are degenerating (退化) and are being dehumanized (使失去人性), and people can not live in harmony with nature. Do you agree with them? Why or why not?Living in Harmony with Nature in a Post-industrial society?2. A number

45、of scholars have recently asserted that there exist large-scale human-induced environmental pressures, which lead to acute (尖锐的) social conflict. What are the effects of intervening (干预的，介入的 ) factors on the relation of human activity, environmental change, and acute social conflict according to you

46、r understand?Causes of Conflicts Resulted from Environmental Change3. With the coming of globalization, cross-cultural communication will be increasingly important In your opinion, what will be the future trends of the Chinese culture?The Future Trends of Chinese Culture（分数：15.00）_考博英语-471 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：30，分数：15.00)1.I was most favorably struck by the assurance with which the boy answered all my questions.（分数：0.50）A.insuranceB.confidence C.reluctanceD.independence解析：insuran