【考研类试卷】考博英语-118及答案解析.doc

《【考研类试卷】考博英语-118及答案解析.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《【考研类试卷】考博英语-118及答案解析.doc（12页珍藏版）》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。

1、考博英语-118 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary(总题数：40，分数：100.00)1.He set the engine of the car _.（分数：2.50）A.goingB.goC.to goingD.on going2.The apples from this tree taste especially _.（分数：2.50）A.wellB.deliciousC.deliciouslyD.wonderfully3.He _ killed last night if he had taken part in the surprise

2、attack on the city.（分数：2.50）A.would beB.should have beenC.must have beenD.might have been4.This article deals with the natural _ which is most interesting to everyone.（分数：2.50）A.phenomenonB.phenomenaC.phenomenonsD.phenomenas5.He is very tired. He needs _.（分数：2.50）A.a good night restB.good rest of a

3、nightC.a good rest nightD.a good night“s rest6.The furniture delivered by the shop is quite different from _ in the exhibition hall.（分数：2.50）A.thatB.thoseC.the oneD.the ones7._ China is mobilized to go all out to build the country into a powerful, modern, and socialist country.（分数：2.50）A.WholeB.The

4、wholeC.The whole ofD.The all of8.The American young man speaks Chinese as fluently as if he _ a Chinese.（分数：2.50）A.isB.wereC.has beenD.had been9.The scientist has made another wonderful discovery, _ is of great importance to science.（分数：2.50）A.which I thinkB.which I think itC.of which I thinkD.I thi

5、nk which10.With all the children _ at home during the holidays, she had a great deal of work to do.（分数：2.50）A.beB.wereC.beenD.being11.The new Beijing Library is larger than _ library in China.（分数：2.50）A.anyB.any otherC.otherD.the other12.I decided to go to the cinema as soon as I _.（分数：2.50）A.finish

6、 what I didB.would finish what I was doingC.finished what I didD.finished what I was doing13.They left at nine, so they _ by now.（分数：2.50）A.may arriveB.must arriveC.should have arrivedD.ought to arrive14.You didn“t put on more clothes; otherwise you _ cold.（分数：2.50）A.wouldn“t have caughtB.wouldn“t c

7、atchC.can“t catchD.can“t have caught15.Most parents encourage their children to take an active part in social events, _ those events do not interfere with their studies.（分数：2.50）A.lestB.so thatC.unlessD.provided16.What _ suppose would happen if the director knew you felt that way?（分数：2.50）A.will you

8、B.do youC.would youD.you would17.The students will put off the match until next week, _ they won“t be so busy.（分数：2.50）A.sinceB.asC.whenD.while18.Evidence came up _ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as five months old.（分数：2.50）A.thatB.whichC.whatD.when19._ every word of his we

9、re true, what action would the committee wish to take?（分数：2.50）A.SinceB.AsC.EvenD.Suppose20.I second Mr. Smith“s motion that we _ a special board to examine the problem.（分数：2.50）A.set upB.have to set upC.are to set upD.may set up21._, we shall go out for a picnic on Monday.（分数：2.50）A.Weather permits

10、B.Weather permittedC.Weather permittingD.With weather to permit22.The chemist and Nobel Prize winner _ seriously injured in a car accident.（分数：2.50）A.wereB.wasC.areD.had been23.He was _ when he became president of the corporation.（分数：2.50）A.at his fortyB.in his fortyC.of his fortiesD.in his forties2

11、4.A series of lectures on radio engineering _ scheduled.（分数：2.50）A.have beenB.has beenC.areD.had been25.I“m very keen of hearing, _?（分数：2.50）A.amn“t IB.ain“t IC.aren“t ID.don“t I26.Not only Jack but also I _ to attend the meeting.（分数：2.50）A.amB.areC.isD.has27.“I am sure you shan“t find a single mist

12、ake in my composition.“ “Oh, I shan“t, _?“（分数：2.50）A.will IB.shall IC.won“t ID.shan“t I28._ for many years, the novelist suddenly became famous.（分数：2.50）A.Having ignored himB.To be ignoredC.Having been ignoredD.To have been ignored29.Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office but, our w

13、ork _, we declined the offer.（分数：2.50）A.was not finishedB.has not been finishedC.did not finishD.not having been finished30.He would rather _ part in such dishonest business deals.（分数：2.50）A.resign than takeB.resign than to takeC.resign than takingD.resigning than take31.He must have had an accident

14、, or he _ here then.（分数：2.50）A.should beB.would beC.could have beenD.would have been32.How close parents are to their children _ a strong influence on the character of their children.（分数：2.50）A.havingB.haveC.hasD.to have33.My brother said he _ told his examination results by the time I next saw him.

15、（分数：2.50）A.would beB.was to beC.was to have beenD.would have been34.I don“t skate now, but I used _ when I was a kid.（分数：2.50）A.toB.to doC.to itD.to doing it35.May I _ that you“ll sign the document?（分数：2.50）A.takeB.take itC.take asD.take for36.Each and every difference _ contradiction.（分数：2.50）A.hav

16、eB.containC.containsD.will contain37.I don“t suppose you“re leaving this evening, _?（分数：2.50）A.won“t youB.are youC.aren“t youD.do I38._ average must a fellowship student maintain?（分数：2.50）A.How highB.What highC.How high anD.What a high39.The doctors have tried _ to save his life.（分数：2.50）A.humanly p

17、ossible everythingB.humanly everything possibleC.everything possible humanlyD.everything humanly possible40.Some women _ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.（分数：2.50）A.must makeB.would makeC.should have madeD.could have made考博英语-118

18、 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary(总题数：40，分数：100.00)1.He set the engine of the car _.（分数：2.50）A.going B.goC.to goingD.on going解析：解析 当 set作为使役动词表示“使做某事，使处于某种状态”时，后面可以跟带现在分词、形容词、不定式和介词短语的复合结构，如：His question set me thinking；set them laughing；set the machine right；set his affairs in order；set sb. t

19、o do sth.等。2.The apples from this tree taste especially _.（分数：2.50）A.wellB.delicious C.deliciouslyD.wonderfully解析：解析 表示味觉、触觉、嗅觉、视觉、听觉的动词，如 taste，feel，smell，look，sound 等，当主语是物时，它们后面跟形容词(不跟副词)，表示“尝起来，摸起来，闻起来，看起来，听起来”。3.He _ killed last night if he had taken part in the surprise attack on the city.（分数：

20、2.50）A.would beB.should have beenC.must have beenD.might have been 解析：解析 might 后跟完成式可用在虚拟条件句表示结果的主句中，表示如果假设的情况出现“也许会”产生什么样的结果，有时用于“本来可能简直可以”，如：If it had not been for Margaret, I might not have understood. But presently she grew calmer, she might have flared up. He was getting on for forty, but he mi

21、ght have passed for young.4.This article deals with the natural _ which is most interesting to everyone.（分数：2.50）A.phenomenon B.phenomenaC.phenomenonsD.phenomenas解析：解析 phenomenon 是源自拉丁语的名词单数形式，其复数为 phenomena。5.He is very tired. He needs _.（分数：2.50）A.a good night restB.good rest of a nightC.a good re

22、st nightD.a good night“s rest 解析：解析 由表示一段时间或距离的名词(短语)做定语限定另一名词时需用所有格形式，如：a week“s holiday；a five minutes“ walk；a twenty miles“ trip；a stone“s throw。6.The furniture delivered by the shop is quite different from _ in the exhibition hall.（分数：2.50）A.that B.thoseC.the oneD.the ones解析：解析 furniture 是不可数名词。

23、表示物的不可数名词在句中第二次出现时，为避免重复，用代词 that代替，不定代词 one代替前面出现过的可数名词单数，the one 代替特指可数名词单数。those和 the ones代替前面出现的可数名词复数(特指)。7._ China is mobilized to go all out to build the country into a powerful, modern, and socialist country.（分数：2.50）A.WholeB.The wholeC.The whole of D.The all of解析：解析 whole 做形容词表示“整个的，完整的”时，多

24、与冠词一起修饰可数名词单数，可用零冠词修饰不可数名词，如 a/the whole book；whole fish(整条鱼)；whole milk(全脂奶粉)。也可修饰可数名词复数(前面不用冠词)，表示“整个的”，如 whole cities(整座城市)：three whole days(三整天)。如果用 whole修饰由物主代词或指示代词修饰的名词，则要用 the whole of结构，如：the whole of his money/of your savings；the whole of this region；另外，whole 不能直接修饰专有名词，如不能说 whole China，而必

25、须说 the whole of China。定冠词 the不能直接放在 all的前面而必须置于其后，如不能说 the all books，而必须说 all the books或 all of the books。8.The American young man speaks Chinese as fluently as if he _ a Chinese.（分数：2.50）A.isB.were C.has beenD.had been解析：解析 as if he were a Chinese“好像他是个中国人”(其实不是)。as if 从句谓语动词用虚拟语气表示与事实相反的情况。9.The s

26、cientist has made another wonderful discovery, _ is of great importance to science.（分数：2.50）A.which I think B.which I think itC.of which I thinkD.I think which解析：解析 which 引导非限定性定语从句，I think 为插入语。10.With all the children _ at home during the holidays, she had a great deal of work to do.（分数：2.50）A.beB

27、.wereC.beenD.being 解析：解析 with all the children being at home 为介词 with的独立结构，表示原因，being 也可省略。11.The new Beijing Library is larger than _ library in China.（分数：2.50）A.anyB.any other C.otherD.the other解析：解析 any other library“任何别的图书馆”，即除了北京图书馆以外的任何别的图书馆。any library“任何图书馆”，也包括北京图书馆。12.I decided to go to th

28、e cinema as soon as I _.（分数：2.50）A.finish what I didB.would finish what I was doingC.finished what I didD.finished what I was doing 解析：解析 as soon as 引导时间状语从句，从句谓语动词用一般现在时表示将来，用一般过去时表示过去将来，“what I was doing”指说话时正在做的事情(指在将来回过头来看过去)。13.They left at nine, so they _ by now.（分数：2.50）A.may arriveB.must arr

29、iveC.should have arrived D.ought to arrive解析：解析 should have arrived by now“现在应该已经到达了”。should have done 用于判断，表示说话时某人应该已经做了某事。也可表示“本来应该已经做了某事”(但实际上并未做)，含有责备之意。14.You didn“t put on more clothes; otherwise you _ cold.（分数：2.50）A.wouldn“t have caught B.wouldn“t catchC.can“t catchD.can“t have caught解析：解析 o

30、ther wise you wouldn“t have caught cold“否则你就不会得感冒了”。第一句是陈述句“你穿的衣服不够”，otherwise 引导一种相反的假设，是含蓄虚拟条件句，相当于 if you had put on more clothes，就会有 wouldn“t have caught cold的结果；wouldn“t have p.p.(现在完成时)是虚拟过去的结果。15.Most parents encourage their children to take an active part in social events, _ those events do

31、not interfere with their studies.（分数：2.50）A.lestB.so thatC.unlessD.provided 解析：解析 provided (that)/providing (that)=only if“如果，只要”，从句谓语动词用一般时态。16.What _ suppose would happen if the director knew you felt that way?（分数：2.50）A.will youB.do you C.would youD.you would解析：解析 What would happen if the directo

32、r knew为虚拟条件现在时；do you suppose 为插入语，不影响主句谓语使用的时态和语气。17.The students will put off the match until next week, _ they won“t be so busy.（分数：2.50）A.sinceB.asC.when D.while解析：解析 when=at which time“在那时”，在这里做关系副词，一般用在前一句中的day，week，time 等表示时间的名词之后，引出非限定性定语从句，常译为“那时”。18.Evidence came up _ specific speech sound

33、s are recognized by babies as young as five months old.（分数：2.50）A.that B.whichC.whatD.when解析：解析 that 为连词，引导 evidence的同位语从句，本应放在 evidence之后，但由于同位语从句很长，而主句的谓语又很短，因此后移至句尾。19._ every word of his were true, what action would the committee wish to take?（分数：2.50）A.SinceB.AsC.EvenD.Suppose 解析：解析 suppose/sup

34、posing (that)(=let it be that)“假定”，做连词，引起从句做状语，从句谓语可用虚拟语气，相当于纯假设的虚拟条件句；也可用陈述语气，如；Suppose/Supposing your friends know/knew how you“re behaving here, what will/would they think?20.I second Mr. Smith“s motion that we _ a special board to examine the problem.（分数：2.50）A.set up B.have to set upC.are to se

35、t upD.may set up解析：解析 motion 是动词 move(“提出动议”)的派生名词。move 的宾语从句的谓语需用虚拟语气，motion的同位语从句或表语从句的谓语也需用虚拟语气(should+动词原形)。21._, we shall go out for a picnic on Monday.（分数：2.50）A.Weather permitsB.Weather permittedC.Weather permitting D.With weather to permit解析：解析 weather permitting=if weather permits“如果天气好”。we

36、ather permitting 已成为习惯说法，属书面用语，在本句中属分词独立结构做状语。22.The chemist and Nobel Prize winner _ seriously injured in a car accident.（分数：2.50）A.wereB.was C.areD.had been解析：解析 当两个称号并列在一起，第一个称号前用定冠词，第二个称号前不用冠词时，就表示同一个人同时具有两个称号，如本题的 the chemist and Nobel Prize winner。就表示这个人既是化学家，也是诺贝尔奖获得者，因此谓语动词用单数。换句话说，如果两个称号前都有

37、定冠词限定，就表示是两个人；或者说，如果两个称号是表示两个人，那么这两个称号前都应分别用定冠词限定，如：the President and the Secretary表示“总裁与秘书”，做主语时谓语动词要用第三人称复数。23.He was _ when he became president of the corporation.（分数：2.50）A.at his fortyB.in his fortyC.of his fortiesD.in his forties 解析：解析 be in his forties“在他 40多岁时”，在这个结构中，注意介词 in和数字用复数，十几岁应说 in

38、one“s teens。从 20多岁到 90多岁分别应说：in one“s twentiesin one“s nineties。同样，在 20世纪 80年代、90 年代，分别应说：in 1980s；in 1990s(分别读作 in the nineteen eighties；in the nineteen nineties)。24.A series of lectures on radio engineering _ scheduled.（分数：2.50）A.have beenB.has been C.areD.had been解析：解析 以 series of+名词(复数)做主语时，谓语的数

39、与 series保持一致，series 单复数不变。以 a series of做主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数；以 two series of做主语时谓语动词用第三人称复数。用法与此相同的同类名词还有 means，species，sheep 等。以 collection of，fleet of 等做主语时，谓语的数与这两个名词保持一致。25.I“m very keen of hearing, _?（分数：2.50）A.amn“t IB.ain“t IC.aren“t I D.don“t I解析：解析 I am的附加疑问句一般用“aren“t I?”而“amn“t I?”不规范。26.Not on

40、ly Jack but also I _ to attend the meeting.（分数：2.50）A.am B.areC.isD.has解析：解析 以并列连词 not onlybut also引导的并列名词或代词做主语时，句子谓语的人称和数应与 but also后面的名词或代词保持一致。用法与此类似的并列连词还有 neithernor和 eitheror，句子谓语与 nor和 or后面的名词保持一致。27.“I am sure you shan“t find a single mistake in my composition.“ “Oh, I shan“t, _?“（分数：2.50）A

41、.will IB.shall IC.won“t ID.shan“t I 解析：解析 这种附加疑问句与主句全是不完整的简短句，并且两者或是全否定或是全肯定的格式，常用于两人对话之中。它的特点是第二人用不完整的短句重复第一人的话，然后用同样的肯定或否定句形式附加疑问句，表示对第一人所说的话不同意、不赞成、不满、惊讶或反驳等。28._ for many years, the novelist suddenly became famous.（分数：2.50）A.Having ignored himB.To be ignoredC.Having been ignored D.To have been i

42、gnored解析：解析 having been ignored for many years 为现在分词短语(被动态)做状语，表示时间和原因。29.Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office but, our work _, we declined the offer.（分数：2.50）A.was not finishedB.has not been finishedC.did not finishD.not having been finished 解析：解析 our work not haying been finishe

43、d“我们的工作尚未完成”，为分词独立结构做状语，表示原因。注意：否定的分词短语中的否定词 not必须放在整个分词短语的最前面，而不能放在其后，如只能说 not having been finished，而不能说 having not been finished。30.He would rather _ part in such dishonest business deals.（分数：2.50）A.resign than take B.resign than to takeC.resign than takingD.resigning than take解析：解析 would rather d

44、o A than do B“宁愿做 A而不做 B”。注意：than 前后联系的成分要对等，必须全是名词、全是介词短语或全是不定式，本题 than后面为不定式。31.He must have had an accident, or he _ here then.（分数：2.50）A.should beB.would beC.could have beenD.would have been 解析：解析 第一句推断他必定出了事故，or 暗含一种与事实相反的假设条件，即 if he had not had an accident，因此 D项为正确答案。32.How close parents are

45、to their children _ a strong influence on the character of their children.（分数：2.50）A.havingB.haveC.has D.to have解析：解析 how 引导的从句做主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。33.My brother said he _ told his examination results by the time I next saw him.（分数：2.50）A.would beB.was to beC.was to have beenD.would have been 解析：解析 by th

46、e time I next saw him“到下一次我见到他的时候”，表示过去的将来的时间；would have been told his examination results为过去将来完成式的被动态；was to have been told表示根据计划或安排本该已经被告知(但后因故未被告知)。34.I don“t skate now, but I used _ when I was a kid.（分数：2.50）A.to B.to doC.to itD.to doing it解析：解析 used to“过去常常”，这是为避免重复而省略了前一句中谈到的动词：skate 只保留不定式 to

47、；但如果不定式是动词 be，则 be不能省略，如：I“m not a diplomat, now, but I used to be.35.May I _ that you“ll sign the document?（分数：2.50）A.takeB.take it C.take asD.take for解析：解析 take it that(从句)“猜想，认为”，take 的宾语是由 that引导的从句所表达的内容，而 take后面不能直接跟宾语从句，因此用形式宾语 it填补宾语的位置，that 从句就成了 it的同位语。36.Each and every difference _ contra

48、diction.（分数：2.50）A.haveB.containC.contains D.will contain解析：解析 由 each and every修饰可数名词单数做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。37.I don“t suppose you“re leaving this evening, _?（分数：2.50）A.won“t youB.are you C.aren“t youD.do I解析：解析 I don“t suppose/think+从句结构中的 not称为“否定转移”，它否定的是从句的谓语动词，因此附加疑问句应用简单肯定句形式。38._ average must a fellowship student maintain?（分数：2.50）A.How highB.What highC.How high an D.What a high