【考研类试卷】考博英语-117及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-117 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：20，分数：20.00)1.Cigarette smoking is a great health _ and may lead to fatal diseases.（分数：1.00）A.oppositionB.protagonistC.faultD.hazard2.The meeting was _ over by the mayor to discuss the toll of crossing the bridges in Wuhan.（分数：1.00）A.propelled

2、B.presumedC.presidedD.pricked3.Difficult as it is, English study is in the long run _ to a learner in his or her career development.（分数：1.00）A.advantageousB.rewardingC.profitableD.earning4.Smith failed to _ for the deficit in the companys hank balance.（分数：1.00）A.checkB.accountC.questD.prepare5.Peopl

3、es confidence in Blair was greatly _ by his wifes misbehavior.（分数：1.00）A.sappedB.cherishedC.sabotagedD.confirmed6.When he lived in Tibet in the 1950s, radio was the only means he had to keep _ of current events in the country.（分数：1.00）A.responseB.trackC.recordD.trace7.Stressful environment leads to

4、unhealthy behaviors such as Ix)or eating habits, which _ increase the risk of high blood pressure and heart disease.（分数：1.00）A.in turnB.by chanceC.by fortuneD.in case8.The private detective, having received new information from a confidential source, narrowed down the _ of his enquiry into the case.

5、（分数：1.00）A.aspectB.sphereC.dimensionD.scope9.The official was arrested for inability to _ all his fortune he has enjoyed.（分数：1.00）A.clarifyB.intensifyC.verifyD.justify10.It is the central government that has _ the coastal economies preferential policies.（分数：1.00）A.deliveredB.grantedC.submittedD.give

6、n11.Nowadays, our government advocates credit to whatever we do or whoever we contact with. Once you _ your words, you will lose your social status and personal reputation.（分数：1.00）A.keep up withB.give away fromC.go back onD.lose sight of12.No one could come up with an easy solution to the governmen

7、ts predicament-labor _ which is caused by the wars.（分数：1.00）A.declineB.vacancyC.rarityD.shortage13.After some time the second stage of the space shuttle, having used up its fuel, just like the booster, separates and _.（分数：1.00）A.runs awayB.charges forC.falls offD.merges into14.The world-famous Briti

8、sh Museum which houses a _ collection of valuable books, paintings, works of arts, etc. attracts millions of visitors every year.（分数：1.00）A.immersibleB.miscellaneousC.overwhelmingD.unified15.Though this apparatus is expensive, the patient agreed to use it after the operation because it could _ the p

9、ain.（分数：1.00）A.assessB.alleviateC.avengeD.affirm16.To the great disappointment of the public, the wanted in the murder case so far remains _.（分数：1.00）A.at largeB.in freedomC.at easeD.in prison17.He gradually _ that his wife was right and he had to change his way of living.（分数：1.00）A.exploredB.repell

10、edC.simplifiedD.perceived18.The professor gave _ instruction to the whole class so as to make every student understand how to conduct the experiment in the lab.（分数：1.00）A.explicitB.afflictiveC.authoritativeD.oblivious19.He became aware that he had lost his audience since he had not been able to talk

11、 _ around one topic.（分数：1.00）A.coherentlyB.initiativelyC.flexiblyD.pointedly20.The earthquake happened in south Xinjiang on Feb. 24. This _ killed 266 people.（分数：1.00）A.casualtyB.collapseC.calamityD.crater二、BPart Cloze/(总题数：1，分数：15.00)BDirections:/B There are 15 questions in this part of the test. R

12、ead the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Assuming that a const

13、ant travel-time budget, geographic constraints and short-term infrastructure constraints persist as fundamental features of global mobility, what long-term results can one expect? In high-income regions, U(21) /UNorth America, our picture suggests that the share of trafficU (22) /Usupplied by buses

14、and automobiles will decline as high-speed transport rises sharply. In developing countries, weU (23) /Uthe strongest increase to be in the shares first for buses and later for automobiles. Globally, theseU (24) /Uin bus and automobile transport are partially offsetting. In all regions, the share of

15、 low-speed rail transport will probably continue its stronglyU (25) /Udecline.We expect that throughout the period 19902050, theU (26) /UNorth American will continue to devote most of his or her 1.1-hour travel-timeU (27) /Uto automobile travel. The very large demandU (28) /Uair travel (or high-spee

16、d rail travel) that will be manifest in 2050U (29) /Uto only 12 minutes per person a day; a little time goes a long way in the air. In several developing regions, most travelU (30) /Uin 2050 will still be devoted to nonmotorized modes. Buses will persistU (31) /Uthe primary form of motorized transpo

17、rtation in developing countries for decades. U(32) /Uimportant air travel becomes, buses, automobiles andU (33) /Ulow-speed trains will surely go on serving vital functions. U(34) /Uof the super-rich already commute and shop in aircraft, but average people will continue to spend most of their travel

18、 time on theU (35) /U.（分数：15.00）A.franklyB.exceptionallyC.unfortunatelyD.notablyA.volumeB.bodyC.measureD.fundsA.admireB.assureC.assertD.anticipateA.outcomesB.trendsC.declinesD.impactsA.inherentB.evidentC.large-scaleD.hiddenA.generalB.commonC.localD.averageA.profitB.costC.budgetD.facilityA.inB.ofC.at

19、D.forA.works outB.leaves outC.runs outD.puts outA.timeB.desireC.agencyD.meansA.toB.asC.withD.overA.Despite the factB.Whatever it isC.No matter howD.Whether or notA.plusB.includingC.evenD.as well asA.FewB.AllC.NoneD.SomeA.mountainB.groundC.skyD.land三、BPart Reading (总题数：5，分数：30.00)BDirections:/B Below

20、 each of the following passages you will find some questions or incomplete statements. Each question or statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Read each passage carefully, and then select the choice that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark the letter of yo

21、ur choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.BPassage One/BCan animals have a sense of humor? Sally Blanchard, publisher of a newsletter called the Pet Bird Report, thinks a pet parrot may have pulled her leg. Thats one explanation for the time her Afri

22、can gray parrot, named Bongo Marie, seemed to feign distress at the possible death of an Amazon parrot named Paco.It happened one day when Blanchard was making Cornish game hen for dinner. As Blanchard lifted her knife, the African gray threw back its head and said. “Oh, no! Paco!“ Trying not to lau

23、gh, Blanchard said, “Thats not Paco.“ and showed Bongo Marie that the Amazon was alive and well. Mimicking a disappointed tone. Bongo Marie said. “Oh. no.“ and launched into a hoarse laugh.Was the parrot joking when it seemed to believe the other bird was a goner? Did Bongo Marie comprehend Blanchar

24、ds response? Studies of African grays have shown that they can understand the meaning of words, for example, that red refers to a color, not just a particular red object. Parrots also enjoy getting a reaction out of humans, and so, whether or not Bongo Maries crocodile tears were intentional, the ep

25、isode was thoroughly satisfying from the parrots point of view.（分数：3.00）(1).When Blanchard was making Cornish game hen for dinner. Bongo Marie acted as if Paco was _.（分数：1.00）A.gone and couldnt eat the mealB.dead and being cut for the mealC.deadly ill and discarded by the hostessD.away and should be

26、 back to join them(2).Why did Sally Blanchard believe Bongo Marie made a joke that day?（分数：1.00）A.It showed sadness and deceived her.B.It shed crocodile tears intentionally.C.It pretended to understand her words.D.It burst into laughter after a distressed tone.(3).In the last sentence, the clause “t

27、he episode was ., point of view“ suggests that Bongo Marie was _.（分数：1.00）A.quite content with its own performanceB.believed to have a sense of humorC.trying to win its hosts favorD.successful in getting a human responseBPassage Two/BDont call him just a college professor. Internet entrepreneur, TV

28、personality, adviser to presidents, and friend to the rich and powerful would be more accurate.Henry Louis “Skip“ Gates Jr. is better known for his activities outside the academy. This week he sold Africana. com, a website he created with a fellow Harvard University professor, to Time Warner. Terms

29、of the deal werent revealed, though the Wall Street Journal pegged the price at more than $10 million, with Gates reaping up to $ I million. Time Warner will incorporate the site, a portal with news and information about people of African descent, into America Online when the two merge as expected.

30、The sense is that Gates got a very good deal. The site is a rich source of scholarship but hardly a rich source of revenue.As recently as the late 1980s Gates, who turns 50 this week, was an obscure professor penning books on literary theory only a graduate student could love. Now he cant be avoided

31、, He hosted a series about Africa on public television, writes occasional articles for the New Yorker, and even advises the Gore presidential campaign. He counts director Steven Spielberg, Microsofts Bill Gates and President Clinton as friends. “Theyre not intimate friends,“ he insists.Indeed, Gates

32、 has evolved into a kind of expert on everything African-American. “He remains the go-to person on the state of African-American affairs,“ said Perry Steinberg, head of American Program Bureau, a lecture agency. The 30 or so speeches Gates delivers each year are another source of income for the prof

33、essor.With fame comes controversy. Several other black intellectuals have taken him to task for not being confrontational enough. Gates has heard it before. “Me? Critics? Oh, what a shock!“ But he considers himself more a descendent of historian and educator W. E. B. Du Bois than of Malcolm X. His u

34、ltimate goal is to build the field of Afro-American studies. “Fifty years from now I want there to be at least 10 great centers of Afro-American studies,“ he says.If working as a consultant on Spielbergs historical film Amistad or giving A1 Gore advice helps, so be it.（分数：6.00）(1).What can we learn

35、about Africans. com?（分数：1.00）A.It may be financially mediocre to Time Warner.B.It is maintained by Gates for Time Warner.C.It becomes a sister website of America Online.D.It is meant for the U. S. general public.(2).What is true about Henry Louis “Skip“ Gates Jr. ?（分数：1.00）A.He is. barely qualified

36、to teach in Harvard.B.He is an American of African descent.C.History and education are his minors.D.President Gore is among his friends.(3).In Paragraph 5, the phrase “have taken him to task for.“ most probably means（分数：1.00）A.“have blamed him for a certain fault“B.“have made him pay for his mistake

37、“C.“have had him do an assignment“D.“have trusted him with a certain job“(5).According to Henry Louis “Skip“ Gates Jr. himself, giving advice to President Gore is _.（分数：1.00）A.out of some academic concernB.for some financial purposesC.in the interest of Afro-AmericansD.of some political consequence(

38、6).In this passage the author expresses a tone of _.（分数：1.00）A.admirationB.sarcasmC.objectivityD.disapprovalBPassage Three/BForget football. At many high schools, the fiercest competition is between Coke and Pepsi over exclusive “pouring rights“ to sell on campus. But last week Jeffrey Dunn, preside

39、nt of Coca-Cola Americas, called a timeout: Cokes machines will now also stock water, juice, and other healthful optionseven rival brands and their facades will feature school scenes and other “noncommercial graphics“ instead of Cokes vivid red logo. “The pendulum needs to swing back“ on school-base

40、d marketing, said Dunn.Cokes about-faceparticularly the call to end the exclusive deals that bottlers make with school districtscomes amid rising concern over kids health. American children are growing ever more obese and developing weight-related diseases usually found in adults. While inactivity a

41、nd huge helpings factor heavily, a recent study in the Lancet fingered soda pop as a likely culprit. Communitiesand legislatorsare already on the case. Last year, for instance, parents in Philadelphia detailed a proposed contract with Coca-Cola that would have netted the school system $43 million ov

42、er 10 years. And in a searing report to Congress last month, the U. S. Department of Agriculture recommended that all snacks sold in schools meet federal nutrition standards (the requirements are loose enough that Snickers bars qualify),Spare change? Activists hope Cokes capitulation will help curb

43、commercialism in schools altogether. From ads on Channel One, which broadcasts current-affairs programs on classroom TVs, to middle-school math texts that cite Nike and other brand-name products in their word problems, to company-sponsored scoreboards on football fields, American pupils are bombarde

44、d. But Andrew Hagelshaw, executive director of the Oakland, Calif.-based Center for Commercial-Free Public Education, views Coca-Colas policy shift as a “partial victory“. Schools sign contracts with local bottlers; the parent company can only urge them to back off. Moreover, Cokes machines will rem

45、ain in place, although with healthier options.And dont expect teenagers to suddenly swear off the stuffor school districts to give up the revenue. At Wheeler High School in Marietta, Ga., where students arrive before 7 a. m. and stay as late as 11 oclock at night, they rely on the machines. And the

46、$50, 000 in annual vending revenues have enabled Principal Joe Boland to refinish the gym floor, install a new high-jump pit, and pay $7, 000 for two buses. “If someone made an offer to me to take the machines out, Id consider it,“ says Boland. “But nobodys offering me any money.“（分数：6.00）(1).“Forge

47、t football“ in Paragraph 1 suggests that football has been _.（分数：1.00）A.the fiercest competition at high schoolsB.thought to have ill impact on studentsC.competing with commercials on campusD.brought into disrepute by Coke and Pepsi(2).Last week Jeffrey Dunn, president of Coca-Cola Americas, made an

48、 important decision to _.（分数：1.00）A.defend its red logo on a still larger scaleB.agree m negotiate with Pepsi over new termsC.modify its sales engineering at high schoolsD.give up its exclusive “pouring rights“ on campus(3).Coca-cola is to take new action most probably because _.（分数：1.00）A.it will sacrifice itself for childrens healthB.it will not get involved in some law suitsC.it is unable to beat so many opponentsD.it is reluctant to fall behind Pepsi company(4).Supporters of Coca-Cola would say that its new practice will _.（分数：1.00）A.