【考研类试卷】考博英语-116及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-116 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary(总题数：40，分数：100.00)1._ before we leave the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful time together.（分数：2.50）A.Had they arrivedB.Would they arriveC.Were they arrivingD.Were they to arrive2._ last year and is now earning his living as an advertising

2、agent.（分数：2.50）A.He would leave schoolB.He left schoolC.He had left schoolD.He has left school3.Some people viewed the findings with caution, noting that a cause-and-effect relationship between passive smoking and cancer remained _.（分数：2.50）A.to be shownB.to have been shownC.to have shownD.being sho

3、wn4._ that should be given priority to.（分数：2.50）A.It is the committee has decidedB.It is only the committee has decidedC.It is what the committee has decidedD.It is what has the committee decided5.The most interesting new cars may owe _ the simple wisdom of hiring a few talented people and allowing

4、them to work.（分数：2.50）A.less local free-spiritedness thanB.less local free-spiritedness than toC.to less local free-spiritedness than toD.less to local free-spiritedness than to6.Over the years, Jimmy Connors _ phenomenal displays of tennis and temperand at the U.S. Open last week, he exhibited both

5、 again.（分数：2.50）A.has treated spectators withB.has treated spectators forC.has treated spectatorsD.has treated spectators to7._ a ticket for the match, he can now only watch it on TV at home.（分数：2.50）A.Obtaining notB.Not obtainingC.Not having obtainedD.Not obtained8.How can I ever concentrate if you

6、 _ continually _ me with silly questions?（分数：2.50）A.have, interruptedB.had, interruptedC.are, interruptingD.were, interrupted9.As it turned out to be a small house party, we _ so formally.（分数：2.50）A.need not have dressed upB.must not have dressed upC.did not need to dress upD.must not dress up10.The

7、 well-maintained facility in San Francisco _ leagues in virtually every sport.（分数：2.50）A.were home toB.was the home ofC.was home toD.was home of11.If you have any clothes _ today, give them to me.（分数：2.50）A.to washB.to be washedC.for washingD.being washed12.I _ the meeting yesterday, but some urgent

8、 matter prevented me from coming.（分数：2.50）A.ought to attendB.was about to attendC.was to have attendedD.was to attend13.He told us a lot of jokes and had us _ all through the meal.（分数：2.50）A.laughingB.laughC.laughedD.to laugh14.There“s _ when we shall meet again.（分数：2.50）A.not knowB.not to knowC.no

9、knowingD.never knowing15.The garden looked as if it _ for years.（分数：2.50）A.wasn“t wateredB.didn“t waterC.hasn“t wateredD.hadn“t been watered16._ the way, we set off on foot into the dark night.（分数：2.50）A.The guide ledB.With the guide leadingC.With the guide to leadD.With the guide lead17._ when Shan

10、ghai was the paradise for imperialist adventurers.（分数：2.50）A.Gone are the daysB.Are the days goneC.Gone the days areD.Are gone the days18.Shanghai is one of the largest cities in the world that _ large populations each over ten million.（分数：2.50）A.hasB.haveC.hadD.are19.Peter used to live in London, _

11、?（分数：2.50）A.usedn“t heB.wasn“t heC.didn“t he useD.didn“t he use to20.Plastic heart valves and other human “spare parts“ have _ possible many recent developments in surgery.（分数：2.50）A.made itB.been madeC.madeD.become21.Adopting this method, the team raised the average yield _ 40%.（分数：2.50）A.atB.byC.t

12、oD.with22.This is the only book _ I have on chemistry.（分数：2.50）A.whatB.whatsoeverC.whichD.that23.That trumpet player was certainly loud, but I wasn“t bothered by his loudness _ by his lack of talent.（分数：2.50）A.asB.thanC.rather thanD.so much as24.Our new firm _ for a credible, aggressive individual w

13、ith great skills to fill this position.（分数：2.50）A.have lookedB.are lookingC.is lookingD.look25.Many of the fads of the 1970s _ as today“s latest fashions.（分数：2.50）A.are being revivedB.is revisedC.are revokedD.is being reviled26.If you want to do well on the exam, you _ on the directions that the pro

14、fessor gives and take ex-act notes.（分数：2.50）A.will have concentratedB.have to concentrateC.will be concentratedD.will be concentrating27.One student after another _ up to answer the teacher“s questions.（分数：2.50）A.standB.standsC.standingD.to stand28.There used to be a theater here years ago, _?（分数：2.

15、50）A.didn“t itB.usedn“t itC.didn“t there use toD.didn“t there29.We think _ possible for them to fulfil their task in a few weeks.（分数：2.50）A.itB.thatC.whatD.this30.Neither John nor his brothers bought what _ needed.（分数：2.50）A.heB.theyC.oneD.you31.It is not easy to give away money _ it is to make mone

16、y.（分数：2.50）A.asB.more thanC.as much asD.any more than32.He is an honest person. He is _ to do such a dishonest thing.（分数：2.50）A.the least manB.not likelyC.the last manD.the latest man33.He has two children, but the elder is _ of the two.（分数：2.50）A.cleverB.clevererC.cleverestD.the cleverer34.Listen t

17、o that laughter! They _ themselves.（分数：2.50）A.must enjoyB.must be enjoyingC.may be enjoyingD.can be enjoying35._ from space, our earth, with water covering 70% of its surface, appears as a “blue planet“.（分数：2.50）A.SeeB.SeeingC.SeenD.To be seen36.He complied with the requirement that all graduate stu

18、dents in education _ a thesis.（分数：2.50）A.writeB.writingC.to writeD.be writing37._ for your advice, I would have been taken in.（分数：2.50）A.Had it notB.Had it not beenC.If it had notD.Weren“t it38.I admit I have made a mistake, _ I deny the serious consequence it may have.（分数：2.50）A.soB.so willC.nor wi

19、llD.how can39.Neither of the two parties _ able to solve the problems of the poor.（分数：2.50）A.areB.isC.have beenD.will have been40.I wish to have a talk with you, _?（分数：2.50）A.shall IB.would IC.will ID.may I考博英语-116 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary(总题数：40，分数：100.00)1._ before we leave the day a

20、fter tomorrow, we should have a wonderful time together.（分数：2.50）A.Had they arrivedB.Would they arriveC.Were they arrivingD.Were they to arrive 解析：解析 本题空格处表达的意思是：如果他们在我们后天离开之前到的话。所以本题考查的是虚拟语气。根据 the day after tomorrow可知，这里应用将来时的虚拟语气 were to形式。虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有 were，should 或 had，则可将 if省略，再把 were，should

21、或 had移到从句句首，实行倒装。因此本题答案为 D。2._ last year and is now earning his living as an advertising agent.（分数：2.50）A.He would leave schoolB.He left school C.He had left schoolD.He has left school解析：解析 本题空格处表达的意思是：他去年毕业。因为句中有明确的时间状语 last year，所以动词应该用过去式。因此本题答案为 B。3.Some people viewed the findings with caution,

22、noting that a cause-and-effect relationship between passive smoking and cancer remained _.（分数：2.50）A.to be shown B.to have been shownC.to have shownD.being shown解析：解析 本题空格处表达的意思是：他们注意到被动吸烟和癌症之间的因果关系有待揭示。remain to be done意思是“有待于(被)”，因此本题答案为 A。4._ that should be given priority to.（分数：2.50）A.It is the

23、committee has decidedB.It is only the committee has decidedC.It is what the committee has decided D.It is what has the committee decided解析：解析 本题空格处表达的意思是：委员会的决定应该被优先执行。本题考查的是“It is (was)+被强调部分+that (who)”句型，此处强调的是被动句的主语 what the committee has decided，因此本题答案为 C。5.The most interesting new cars may owe

24、 _ the simple wisdom of hiring a few talented people and allowing them to work.（分数：2.50）A.less local free-spiritedness thanB.less local free-spiritedness than toC.to less local free-spiritedness than toD.less to local free-spiritedness than to 解析：解析 本题空格处表达的意思是：这种最新颖的新车的出现与其说是得益于当地的自由精神，还不如说是得益于一种简单

25、的智慧，即雇用几个能人，并让他们为之工作。短语 owe to的意思是“归功于，得益于”，如：The young writer owed his success to his teacher“s encouragement.(年轻作家把自己的成功归于他的老师的鼓励。)因此本题答案为 D。6.Over the years, Jimmy Connors _ phenomenal displays of tennis and temperand at the U.S. Open last week, he exhibited both again.（分数：2.50）A.has treated spec

26、tators with B.has treated spectators forC.has treated spectatorsD.has treated spectators to解析：解析 本题空格处表达的意思是：Jimmy Connors 曾向观众展现了他的网球球技及其个性特点，treatwith的意思是“用招待”，因此本题答案为 A。7._ a ticket for the match, he can now only watch it on TV at home.（分数：2.50）A.Obtaining notB.Not obtainingC.Not having obtained

27、D.Not obtained解析：解析 在这个句子中，已经发生的事情(没有买到票)对后来的事情(看电视)产生了影响，所以应该用现在分词的完成式。所以，答案是 C。8.How can I ever concentrate if you _ continually _ me with silly questions?（分数：2.50）A.have, interruptedB.had, interruptedC.are, interrupting D.were, interrupted解析：解析 在这个句子中，continually 的意思是：不断地，频繁地。continually 表示反复发生的动

28、作或持续存在的状态，所以，句子应该用现在进行时。所以，答案是 C。9.As it turned out to be a small house party, we _ so formally.（分数：2.50）A.need not have dressed up B.must not have dressed upC.did not need to dress upD.must not dress up解析：解析 在这个句子中，句意表达的意思是：不必要做某事，但事实上却做了某事。在题目提供的四个选项中，needn“t have done 表示“过去不必做某事，但事实上却做了”。所以，答案是 A

29、。10.The well-maintained facility in San Francisco _ leagues in virtually every sport.（分数：2.50）A.were home toB.was the home ofC.was home to D.was home of解析：解析 本题空格处表达的意思是：联盟的发源地。be home to 的意思是“的发源地，的家园”，因此本题答案为 C。11.If you have any clothes _ today, give them to me.（分数：2.50）A.to washB.to be washed C.

30、for washingD.being washed解析：解析 have any clothes to be washed“有需要洗的衣服”，这里的不定式被动态做定语，表示有待做的事情。注意区分：have some clothes to wash“有衣服要洗”，这个不定式作为前面名词的定语，它们是动宾关系，不定式的施动者为句子主语。12.I _ the meeting yesterday, but some urgent matter prevented me from coming.（分数：2.50）A.ought to attendB.was about to attendC.was to

31、have attended D.was to attend解析：解析 was/were to have done sth.表示根据计划或安排本来要做某事，但后因故未做。be to do sth.表示根据计划或安排要做某事，或打算要做某事。be about to do sth.表示就要做某事。13.He told us a lot of jokes and had us _ all through the meal.（分数：2.50）A.laughing B.laughC.laughedD.to laugh解析：解析 have sb. doing sth.强调的是使某人处于某种动作进行中的状态，

32、不强调动作的起始。14.There“s _ when we shall meet again.（分数：2.50）A.not knowB.not to knowC.no knowing D.never knowing解析：解析 There“s no+-ing=It“s impossible to do sth.常用这个句式搭配的动词有know，tell，say 等，如：There“s no knowing/telling/saying15.The garden looked as if it _ for years.（分数：2.50）A.wasn“t wateredB.didn“t waterC

33、.hasn“t wateredD.hadn“t been watered 解析：解析 as if 和 as though从句谓语可以用虚拟语气或陈述语气；如果 as if表述的并非实际情况就用虚拟语气。谓语用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的情况；谓语用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的情况，如：I“ve loved you as if you were my son (but you are not my son). You look as if you didn“t care (but in fact you do care). He talks as if he had been to the

34、Great Wall (but he hasn“t been there).但并非在一切情况下 as if从句谓语都用虚拟语气，当 as if表述的内容接近实际情况时，谓语就用陈述语气，特别是当主句谓语是 look，sound，taste，smell，seem 等动词时，如当你看到天空乌云密布时你说：It looks as if it“s going to rain.(表示有可能下雨。)当你吃肉时觉得有些怪味时你说：This meat tastes as if it has already gone bad.(肉可能真的变味了。)以上这些从句的谓语都是陈述语气，表述的内容是实际情况或接近实际情

35、况。16._ the way, we set off on foot into the dark night.（分数：2.50）A.The guide ledB.With the guide leading C.With the guide to leadD.With the guide lead解析：解析 with the guide leading the way“由向导带路”。该结构称为介词 with独立结构，表示方式。介词 with的独立结构主要有以下三种情况：with+名词+-ing；with+名词+过去分词；with+名词+介词短语/副词。如：with winter coming

36、on；with my mother being ill；with the door locked；with her hands folded；with his head on his arms；with our backs to the wall；with John away；with his clothes on 等。17._ when Shanghai was the paradise for imperialist adventurers.（分数：2.50）A.Gone are the days B.Are the days goneC.Gone the days areD.Are go

37、ne the days解析：解析 此种倒装句属于书面语体，口语中可以说：The days are gone whenwhen 引导的是 the days的定语从句。18.Shanghai is one of the largest cities in the world that _ large populations each over ten million.（分数：2.50）A.hasB.have C.hadD.are解析：解析 “one of the+名词(复数)”后面的限制性定语从句的谓语动词用第三人称复数，但是“the only one of the+名词(复数)”后面的限制性定语

38、从句的谓语动词用第三人称单数。19.Peter used to live in London, _?（分数：2.50）A.usedn“t he B.wasn“t heC.didn“t he useD.didn“t he use to解析：解析 used to do 的附加疑问句可以用两种形式：use (d)n“t(读作ju snt)+主语或 didn“t+主语。20.Plastic heart valves and other human “spare parts“ have _ possible many recent developments in surgery.（分数：2.50）A.m

39、ade itB.been madeC.made D.become解析：解析 make 后面可以跟带形容词的复合结构(make sth. possible)，如果宾语太长，也可把形容词提到宾语前面；如果宾语是不定式或从句，则需将宾语后移，用形式宾语填补，如：make it possible to do sth.；make it possible that；make possible+(较长)宾语。21.Adopting this method, the team raised the average yield _ 40%.（分数：2.50）A.atB.by C.toD.with解析：解析 ra

40、ise the yield by 40%“将产量提高了 40%”，这是增加或减少多少的倍数表达法。如果要表达的是纯增加或减少的具体数，就用介词 by表示(有时 by可以省略)。如：raise the price by 10%；The price of tea has risen by five pence. Party membership has increased by 4,000. Butter rose five cents in prices.如果纯增加或减少的量刚好是整倍数时就不需用介词 by，如：Foreign investments increased six times.如果

41、要表示“增加到或减少到”则需用介词 to；如果要表示“(从)增加到(或减少到)”，就要用(from)to，如：The price of tea has risen (from 20 pence) to 30 pence.22.This is the only book _ I have on chemistry.（分数：2.50）A.whatB.whatsoeverC.whichD.that 解析：解析 以 only修饰的名词后面用 that引导限定性定语从句，不用 which。23.That trumpet player was certainly loud, but I wasn“t bo

42、thered by his loudness _ by his lack of talent.（分数：2.50）A.asB.thanC.rather thanD.so much as 解析：解析 “not so muchas”或“notso much as”“与其说不如说；与其说毋宁说”。如：He isn“t so much ill as depressed (=He“s depressed rather than ill). rather than“而不是”，用在肯定句中。24.Our new firm _ for a credible, aggressive individual with

43、 great skills to fill this position.（分数：2.50）A.have lookedB.are lookingC.is looking D.look解析：解析 “firm”是单数形式，后面的谓语动词相应地使用单数形式，所以选择 C。25.Many of the fads of the 1970s _ as today“s latest fashions.（分数：2.50）A.are being revived B.is revisedC.are revokedD.is being reviled解析：解析 各选项的意思是：revived 复活，再生；revise

44、d 修订，改变；revoked 已撤销；reviled诽谤。主语“the fads”是复数，根据句意选择 A。26.If you want to do well on the exam, you _ on the directions that the professor gives and take ex-act notes.（分数：2.50）A.will have concentratedB.have to concentrate C.will be concentratedD.will be concentrating解析：解析 此句子是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时态，不用虚拟语气。应选

45、择 B。27.One student after another _ up to answer the teacher“s questions.（分数：2.50）A.standB.stands C.standingD.to stand解析：解析 以 oneafter another做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。28.There used to be a theater here years ago, _?（分数：2.50）A.didn“t itB.usedn“t itC.didn“t there use toD.didn“t there 解析：解析 There used to be的附加疑

46、问句有两种形式：use (d)n“t there?或 didn“t there? used to的否定句和疑问句也有两种构成方法：Sb. did not use(d) to do/usedn“t to do. Used sb. Do/did sb. use to do?29.We think _ possible for them to fulfil their task in a few weeks.（分数：2.50）A.it B.thatC.whatD.this解析：解析 think 后面可以跟带形容词、名词、to be 的复合结构做宾语；如果宾语是不定式须后移，则用形式宾语 it填补。此

47、处的不定式自身带有逻辑主语，用介词 for引导，如：A lazy sheep thinks its wool heavy. Jonnie thought this good advice. We all thought him to be a wealthy man. He might think it polite (for him) to return the visit.30.Neither John nor his brothers bought what _ needed.（分数：2.50）A.heB.they C.oneD.you解析：解析 以选择并列连词 eitheror或否定并

48、列连词 neithernor引导的两个并列名词做主语时，谓语动词的数应与 or/nor引导的名词的数保持一致；如果后面需用代词反指前面的名词，则代词的性、数、人称也应与 or/nor引导的名词保持一致，如：Either/Neither his parents or/nor John does/is(he/him/his)31.It is not easy to give away money _ it is to make money.（分数：2.50）A.asB.more thanC.as much asD.any more than 解析：解析 notany more than=no morethan=notjust asnot 可译为“不正如不一样；(两者)都同样不”。如：He“s no moreto be a minister than a scho