【考研类试卷】工程硕士(GCT)英语-91及答案解析.doc

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1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-91 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.All flights _ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.（分数：2.00）A.had been canceledB.have been canceledC.were canceledD.having been canceled2.I hate people who _ the end of a film that y

2、ou havent seen before.（分数：2.00）A.revealB.rewriteC.reviseD.reverse3.People appreciate _ with him because he has a good sense of humor.（分数：2.00）A.to workB.to have workedC.workingD.having worked4.As early as 1637 Ohio made a decision that free, tax supported schools must be established in every town _

3、40 households or more.（分数：2.00）A.havingB.to haveC.to have hadD.having had5.The man in the comer confessed to _ a lie to the manager of the company.（分数：2.00）A.have toldB.be toldC.being toldD.having told6.Hes watching TV? Hes _ to be cleaning his room.（分数：2.00）A.knownB.supposedC.regardedD.considered7.

4、Im sure he is up to the job _ he would give his mind to it.（分数：2.00）A.if onlyB.in caseC.untilD.unless8.In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total _ for living expenses.（分数：2.00）A.acceptableB.availableC.advisableD.applicable9.We are all for your

5、proposal that the discussion（分数：2.00）A.be put off.B.was put offC.should put offD.is to put off10.Research findings show we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we _ during the day.（分数：2.00）A.should have doneB.would have doneC.may have doneD.must have done二、BPart Reading (总题数：4，

6、分数：40.00)B11-15/BEven plants can run a fever, especially when theyre under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away straight up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared scanning technology developed for military purposes and other sate

7、llites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide (杀虫剂) spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that dont have pest (害虫

8、) problems.Even better, Paleys Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where pl

9、ants were running “fevers“. Farmers could then spot-spray, using 40 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.The bad news is that Paleys company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewe

10、d concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States.“ says George Oerther of Texas A&M. Ray Jac

11、kson, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Pale3i finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.（分数：10.00）(1).Plants will emit an increased amount of heat when they ar

12、e _.（分数：2.00）A.sprayed with pesticidesB.facing an infrared scannerC.in poor physical conditionD.exposed to excessive sun rays(2).In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to _.（分数：2.00）A.estimate the damage to the cropsB.measure the size of the affected areaC.draw

13、a color-coded mapD.locate the problem area(3).Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by _.（分数：2.00）A.resorting to spot-sprayingB.consulting infrared scanning expertsC.transforming poisoned rainD.detecting crop problems at an early stage(4).The application of infrared scanning technology

14、 to agriculture met with some difficulties:_.（分数：2.00）A.the lack of official supportB.its high costC.the lack of financial supportD.its failure to help increase production(5).Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of _.（分数：2.00）A.the desire of farmers to improve the

15、quality of theft produceB.growing concern about the excessive use of pesticides on cropsC.the forceful promotion by the Department of AgricultureD.full support from agricultural expertsB16-20/BAfter a 300 million yuan renovation project, Lidai Diwang Miao, or the Imperial Temple of Emperors of Succe

16、ssive Dynasties, was reopened to the public last weekend.Originally constructed about 470 years ago, during the reign of Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty, the temple was used by emperors of both the Ming and Qing to offer sacrifices to their ancestors.It underwent two periods of renovation in the

17、 Qing Dynasty, during the reigns of emperors Yongzheng and Qianlong. From 1929 until early 2000, it was part of Beijing No.159 Middle School.The temples Jingdechongsheng Hall contains stone tablets memorializing 188 Chinese emperors. The Jinzhuan bricks used to pave the floor, the same as those used

18、 in the Forbidden City, are finely textured and golden-yellow in color. According to Xi Wei, an official from the Xicheng District government present at the reopening of the temple, Jinzhuan bricks were made in Yuyao, Suzhou, specially for imperial use.The renovation was done strictly according to t

19、hat carried out at the orders of Emperor Qianlong, and only those sections of the temple too damaged to repair have been replaced.（分数：10.00）(1).What does the verb form of the word “renovation“ mean in Paragraph 1?（分数：2.00）A.Reform.B.Rearrange.C.Retreat.D.Restore.(2).Which of the following statements

20、 is TRUE?（分数：2.00）A.The temple is still not reopened yet to the public.B.The Jinzhuan bricks were made in Hangzhou for imperial use.C.The Jinzhuan bricks used to pave the wall in the temple.D.The temple was at first constructed 470 years ago.(3).How long has Lidai Diwang Miao been in part of a middl

21、e school in Beijing?（分数：2.00）A.470years.B.159years.C.71years.D.188years.(4).What can we infer from the passage?（分数：2.00）A.The temple has a long history.B.The renovation of the temple was easy with modern technology.C.The bricks in the temple are not so valuable as those in the Forbidden city.D.The r

22、enovation was done according to the orders of Emperor Qianlong.(5).Which of the following is NOT true according to the author?（分数：2.00）A.The renovation project cost 300 million yuan.B.The temple was once a part of Beijing No.159 Middle School.C.Those parts of the temple too destroyed to repair are s

23、till there.D.The temple was built about 470 years ago.B21-25/BFor centuries, explorers have risked their lives venturing into the unknown for reasons that were to varying degrees economic and nationalistic. Columbus went west to look for better trade routes to the Orient and to promote the greater g

24、lory of Spain. Lewis and Clark journeyed into the American wilderness to find out what the U.S. had acquired when it purchased Louisiana, and the Appolo astronauts rocketed to the moon in a dramatic show off technological muscle during the cold war.Although their missions blended commercial and poli

25、tical-military imperatives, the explorers involved all accomplished some significant science simply by going where no scientists had gone before.Today Mars looms (隐约出现) as humanitys next great terra incognita (未探明之地). And with doubtful prospects for a short-term financial return, with the cold war a

26、 rapidly fading memory and amid a growing emphasis on international cooperation in large space ventures, it is clear that imperatives other than profits or nationalism will have to compel human beings to leave their tracks on the planets reddish surface. Could it be that science, which has long play

27、ed a minor role in exploration, is at last destined to take a leading role? The question naturally invites a couple of others: are there experiments that only humans could do on Mars? Could those experiments provide insights profound enough to justify the expense of sending people across interplanet

28、ary space?With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been. The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuin

29、g controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite (陨石) from Mars. A more conclusive answer about life on Mars, past or present, would give researchers invaluable data about the range of conditions under which a planet can generate the complex chemistry that leads to

30、life. If it could be established that life arose independently on Mars and Earth, the finding would provide the first concrete clues in one of the deepest mysteries in all of science: the prevalence of life in the universe.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, the chief purpose of explorers in goi

31、ng to unknown places in the past was _.（分数：2.00）A.to display their countrys military mightB.to accomplish some significant scienceC.to find new areas for colonizationD.to pursue commercial and state interests(2).At present, a probable inducement for countries to initiate large-scale space ventures i

32、s _.（分数：2.00）A.international cooperationB.nationalistic reasonsC.scientific researchD.long-term profits(3).What is the main goal of sending human missions to Mars?（分数：2.00）A.To find out if life ever existed there.B.To see if humans could survive there.C.To prove the feasibility of large-scale space

33、ventures.D.To show the leading role of science in space exploration.(4).By saying “With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been“ (Line 1, Para. 4), the author means that _.（分数：2.00）A.with Mars the risks involved are much greater than any previous space venturesB.in th

34、e case of Mars, the rewards of scientific exploration can be very highC.in the case of Mars, much more research funds are needed than ever beforeD.with Mars, scientists argue, the fundamental interests of science are at issue(5).The passage tells us that proof of life on Mars would _.（分数：2.00）A.make

35、 clear the complex chemistry in the development of lifeB.confirm the suggestion that bacterial fossils traveled to Earth on a meteorC.reveal the kind of conditions under which life originatesD.provide an explanation why life is common in the universeB26-30/BWhile still in its early stages, welfare r

36、eform has already been judged a great success in many states, at least in getting people off welfare. Its estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994.In the past four years, welfare rolls in Athens County have been cut in half. But 70 percent of the people who left in th

37、e past two years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour. The result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percenttwice the national average.For advocates (代言人) for the poor, thats an indication much more needs to be done.“More people are getting jobs, but its not making the

38、ir lives any better,“ says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington.A center analysis of U.S. Census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a greater percentage of single, female-headed households were earning money on their own, but that a

39、verage income for these households actually went down.But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.“Welfare was a poison. It was a toxin (毒素) that was poisoning the family,“ says Robert Re

40、ctor, a welfare-reform policy analyst. “The reform is changing the moral climate in low-income communities. Its beginning to rebuild the work ethic (道德观), which is much more important.“Mr. Rector and others argued that once “the habit of dependency is cracked“, then the country can make other policy

41、 changes aimed at improving living standards.（分数：10.00）(1).From the passage, it can be seen that the author _.（分数：2.00）A.believes the reform has reduced the governments burdenB.insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poorC.is overenthusiastic about the success of welfare reformD.con

42、siders welfare reform to be fundamentally successful(2).Why arent people enjoying better lives when they have jobs?（分数：2.00）A.Because many families are divorced.B.Because government aid is now rare.C.Because their wages are low.D.Because the cost of living is rising.(3).What is worth noting from the

43、 example of Athens County is that _.（分数：2.00）A.greater efforts should be made to improve peoples living standardsB.70 percent of the people there have been employed for two yearsC.40 percent of the population no longer relies on welfareD.the living standards of most people are going down(4).From the

44、 passage we know that welfare reform aims at _.（分数：2.00）A.saving welfare fundsB.rebuilding the work ethicC.providing more jobsD.cutting government expenses(5).According to the passage, before the welfare reform was carried out, _.（分数：2.00）A.the poverty rate was lowerB.average living standards were h

45、igherC.the average worker was paid higher wagesD.the poor used to rely on government aid三、BPart Cloze/(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They.U (31) /Uat in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for theU (

46、32) /Uman. But they insisted that itsU (33) /Uresults during the period from 1740 to 1840 were widespread poverty and misery for theU (34) /Uof the English population.U (35) /Ucontrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1640 to 1740, when England was still aU (36) /U.agricultural country,

47、 a period of great abundance and prosperity.This view,U (37) /Uis generally thought to be wrong. SpecialistsU (38) /Uhistory and economics, haveU (39) /Utwo things: that the period from 1640 to 1740 wasU (40) /Uby great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actual

48、ly improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.（分数：20.00）A.admittedB.believedC.claimedD.predictedA.plainB.averageC.meanD.normalA.momentaryB.promptC.instantD.immediateA.bulkB.hostC.grossD.magnitudeA.OnB.WithC.ForD.ByA.broadlyB.thoroughlyC.generallyD.completelyA.howeverB.meanwhileC.theref

49、oreD.moreoverA.atB.inC.aboutD.forA.manifestedB.approvedC.shownD.speculatedA.notedB.impressedC.labeledD.marked四、BPart Dialogue(总题数：10，分数：20.00)11.Receptionist: _ Caller: Hello. Id like to book a double-room for next weekend.（分数：2.00）A.Hello. Can I help you?B.Just a moment, please.C.Good morning, Royal Hotel.D.Hello. This is