【考研类试卷】会计硕士专业学位联考英语(二)-13及答案解析.doc

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1、会计硕士专业学位联考英语(二)-13 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use English(总题数：3，分数：100.00)Most people would be 1 by the high quality of medicine 2 to most Americans. There is a lot of specialization, a great deal of 3 to the individual, a 4 amount of advanced technical equipment, and 5 effort not to make mistakes

2、 because of the financial risk which doctors and hospitals must 6 in the courts if they 7 things badly. But the Americans are in a mess. The problem is the way in 8 health care is organized and 9 . 10 to public belief it is not just a free competition system. To the private system has been joined a

3、large public system, because private care was simply not 11 the less fortunate and the elderly. But even with this huge public part of the system, 12 this year will eat up 84.5 billion dollarsmore than 10 per cent of the U. S. budgetlarge numbers of Americans are left 13 . These include about half t

4、he 11 million unemployed and those who fail to meet the strict limits 14 income fixed by a government trying to make savings where it can. The basic problem, however, is that there is no central control 15 the health system. There is no 16 to what doctors and hospitals charge for their services, oth

5、er than what the public is able to pay. The number of doctors has shot up and prices have climbed. When faced with toothache, a sick child, or a heart attack, all the unfortunate person concerned can do is 17 up. Two thirds of the population 18 covered by medical insurance. Doctors charge as much as

6、 they want 19 that the insurance company will pay the bill. The rising cost of medicine in the U. S. A is among the most worrying problems facing the country. In 1981 the country“s health bill climbed 15.9 per centabout twice as fast as price 20 general.（分数：20.00）A.compressedB.impressedC.obsessedD.r

7、epressedA.availableB.attainableC.achievableD.amenableA.extensionB.retentionC.attentionD.exertionA.countlessB.titanicC.broadD.vastA.intensiveB.absorbedC.intenseD.concentratedA.run intoB.come intoC.faceD.defyA.treatB.dealC.maneuverD.handleA.whichB.thatC.whatD.whenA.to financeB.financedC.the financeD.t

8、o be financedA.ContraryB.OpposedC.AverseD.ObjectedA.looking forB.looking intoC.looking afterD.looking overA.whichB.whatC.thatD.itA.overB.outC.offD.awayA.forB.inC.withD.onA.overB.onC.underD.behindA.boundaryB.restrictionC.confinementD.limitA.being paidB.payingC.payD.to have paidA.is beingB.areC.have b

9、eenD.isA.knowingB.to knowC.they knowD.knownA.inB.withC.onD.forHave you ever wondered what our future is like? Practically all people 21 a desire to predict their future 22 . Most people seem inclined to 23 this task using causal reasoning. First we 24 recognize that future circumstances are 25 cause

10、d or conditioned by present ones. We learn that getting an education will 26 how much money we earn later and that swimming beyond the reef may bring an unhappy 27 with a shark. Second, people also learn that such 28 of cause and effect are probabilistic (可能的) in nature. That is, the effects occur m

11、ore often when the causes occur than when the causes are 29 , but not always. Thus, students learn that studying hard 30 good grades in most instances, but not every time. Science makes these concepts of causality and probability more 31 and provides techniques for dealing 32 them more accurately th

12、an does causal human inquiry. In looking at ordinary human inquiry, we need to 33 between prediction and understanding. Often, even if we don“t understand why, we are willing to act 34 the basis of a demonstrated predictive ability. Whatever the primitive drives 35 motivate human beings, satisfying

13、them depends heavily on the ability to 36 future circumstances. The attempt to predict is often played in a 37 of knowledge and understanding. If you can understand why certain regular patterns 38 , you can predict better than if you simply observe those patterns. Thus, human inquiry aims 39 answeri

14、ng both “what“ and “why“ question, and we pursue these 40 by observing and figuring out.（分数：40.00）A.exhibitB.exaggerateC.examineD.exceedA.contextsB.circumstancesC.inspectionsD.intuitionsA.underestimateB.undermineC.undertakeD.undergoA.speciallyB.particularlyC.alwaysD.generallyA.somehowB.somebodyC.som

15、eoneD.somethingA.enactB.affectC.reflectD.inflectA.meetingB.occurrenceC.encounterD.contactA.patternsB.designsC.arrangementsD.picturesA.disappointedB.absentC.inadequateD.absoluteA.createsB.producesC.losesD.protectsA.obscureB.indistinctC.explicitD.explosiveA.forB.atC.inD.withA.distinguishB.distinctC.di

16、stortD.distractA.atB.onC.toD.underA.whyB.howC.thatD.whereA.predictB.produceC.pretendD.precedeA.contentB.contactC.contestD.contextA.happenB.occurC.occupyD.incurA.atB.onC.toD.beyondA.purposesB.ambitionsC.drivesD.goalsFrom childhood to old age, we all use language as a means of broadening our knowledge

17、 of ourselves and the world about us. When humans first 41 , they were like newborn children, unable to use this 42 tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for humankind“s future 43 and cultural growth increased. Many linguists believe that evolution is 44 for our ability to produce and

18、 use language. They 45 that our highly evolved brain provides us 46 an innate language ability not found in lower 47 . Proponents of this innateness theory say that our 48 for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, 49 a function of the growth of the brain during childhood.

19、Therefore there are critical 50 times for language development. Current 51 of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. 52 , more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in 53 grades. Young children

20、 often can learn several languages by being 54 to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the 55 of their first language have become firmly fixed. 56 some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who ha

21、ve been 57 from other human beings do not possess language. This demonstrates that 58 with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language 59 than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative,

22、 learned behavior. 60 , children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their child“s language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones.（分数：40.00）A.generatedB.evolvedC.bornD.originatedA.valuableB.appropriateC.

23、convenientD.favoriteA.attainmentsB.feasibilityC.entertainmentsD.evolutionA.essentialB.availableC.reliableD.responsibleA.confirmB.informC.claimD.convinceA.forB.fromC.ofD.withA.organizationsB.organismsC.humansD.childrenA.potentialB.performanceC.preferenceD.passionA.asB.just asC.likeD.unlikeA.ideologic

24、alB.biologicalC.socialD.psychologicalA.reviewsB.referenceC.reactionD.recommendationA.In a wordB.In a senseC.IndeedD.In other wordsA.variousB.differentC.the higherD.the lowerA.revealedB.exposedC.engagedD.involvedA.regulationsB.formationsC.rulesD.constitutionsA.AlthoughB.WhetherC.SinceD.WhenA.distingu

25、ishedB.differentC.protectedD.isolatedA.expositionB.comparisonC.contrastD.interactionA.acquisitionB.appreciationC.requirementD.alternativeA.As a resultB.After allC.In other wordsD.Above all会计硕士专业学位联考英语(二)-13 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use English(总题数：3，分数：100.00)Most people would be 1 by the high qu

26、ality of medicine 2 to most Americans. There is a lot of specialization, a great deal of 3 to the individual, a 4 amount of advanced technical equipment, and 5 effort not to make mistakes because of the financial risk which doctors and hospitals must 6 in the courts if they 7 things badly. But the A

27、mericans are in a mess. The problem is the way in 8 health care is organized and 9 . 10 to public belief it is not just a free competition system. To the private system has been joined a large public system, because private care was simply not 11 the less fortunate and the elderly. But even with thi

28、s huge public part of the system, 12 this year will eat up 84.5 billion dollarsmore than 10 per cent of the U. S. budgetlarge numbers of Americans are left 13 . These include about half the 11 million unemployed and those who fail to meet the strict limits 14 income fixed by a government trying to m

29、ake savings where it can. The basic problem, however, is that there is no central control 15 the health system. There is no 16 to what doctors and hospitals charge for their services, other than what the public is able to pay. The number of doctors has shot up and prices have climbed. When faced wit

30、h toothache, a sick child, or a heart attack, all the unfortunate person concerned can do is 17 up. Two thirds of the population 18 covered by medical insurance. Doctors charge as much as they want 19 that the insurance company will pay the bill. The rising cost of medicine in the U. S. A is among t

31、he most worrying problems facing the country. In 1981 the country“s health bill climbed 15.9 per centabout twice as fast as price 20 general.（分数：20.00）A.compressedB.impressed C.obsessedD.repressed解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。compress 挤压，压缩；impress 影响，给某人以深刻印象；obsess 迷住，使困扰；repress 压制(感情等)，镇压。A.available B.attaina

32、bleC.achievableD.amenable解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。Something is available to someone：某人可以享受到。available 可以获得的，现成的；attainable 虽然和 available 意思相近，但是无“现成的，之意，包含“需要努力才能得到的”意思。achievable 也包含“需努力才能得到”的意思。amenable 有责任的，有服从义务的。A.extensionB.retentionC.attention D.exertion解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。extension 延长，延续，推迟；retention 保留，保持

33、，保持物；attention 注意，关心；exertion 尽力，努力。根据语义应该选择 C。A.countlessB.titanicC.broadD.vast 解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。countless 无数的，通常用于可数名词；titanic 巨大的，常形容体积；broad 宽的，宽广的。vast 的用途比较广泛，可以用来形容体积、数量、程度及强度。vast amount of大量的。A.intensiveB.absorbedC.intense D.concentrated解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。intensive 强烈的，精深的，透彻的；absorbed 全神贯注的，一心一意

34、的；intense 强烈的，热情的；concentrated 集中的，浓缩的。intense effort 巨大的努力，故答案为 C。A.run intoB.come intoC.face D.defy解析：解析 此题考查结构衔接。must 后面用动词原形。to face=to be faced with 面对。A.treatB.dealC.maneuverD.handle 解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。handle=to deal with 处理；treat 给治病，对待；maneuver 有策略、有手腕地对待、处理。A.which B.thatC.whatD.when解析：解析 此题考查结

35、构衔接。which 引导的定语从句修饰 the way。A.to financeB.financed C.the financeD.to be financed解析：解析 此题考查结构衔接。finance 在这里是动词，和 organize 是并列关系，用其过去分词。A.Contrary B.OpposedC.AverseD.Objected解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。contrary to 和相反；opposed to 和反对，敌对，作对；averse(常与 to 连用)嫌恶的；object 不及物动词，反对(某人或某事)。根据前后句际关系 not just，可知道应该是与公众想法相反。A

36、.looking forB.looking intoC.looking after D.looking over解析：解析 此题考查惯用衔接。looking for 寻找；looking into 调查；looking after 照顾，照看；looking over 检查，察看。A.which B.whatC.thatD.it解析：解析 此题考查结构衔接。which 引导一个非限定性定语从句，修饰名词 this huge public part of the system。非限定性定语从句不能用 that 修饰。A.overB.out C.offD.away解析：解析 此题考查惯用衔接。to

37、 leave someone/something out 省略，忽略，不考虑；to leave over 留下，剩下。A.forB.inC.withD.on 解析：解析 此题考查惯用衔接。limit on的限度。There“s no limit on the potential of the human brain. 人大脑的潜力是无限的。A.over B.onC.underD.behind解析：解析 此题考查惯用衔接。和 control 搭配的介词是 over。A.boundaryB.restrictionC.confinementD.limit 解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。boundar

38、y 界线，边界；restriction 限制；confinement(被)限制，(被)禁闭，产期，分娩。limit 指时、空、程度、量等方面的“限定”，侧重于表示“限制”到某个点；restrict“限制”的是范围；confine 侧重“约束”或“束缚”。A.being paidB.payingC.pay D.to have paid解析：解析 此题考查结构衔接。省略 to 的不定式作表语。A.is beingB.are C.have beenD.is解析：解析 此题考查结构衔接。主语是复数名词，谓语动词应用复数形式。另外因为是一般事实，用一般现在时。A.knowing B.to knowC.t

39、hey knowD.known解析：解析 此题考查结构衔接。knowing that 现在分词作状语。A.in B.withC.onD.for解析：解析 此题考查惯用衔接。in general 总的来说。Have you ever wondered what our future is like? Practically all people 21 a desire to predict their future 22 . Most people seem inclined to 23 this task using causal reasoning. First we 24 recogniz

40、e that future circumstances are 25 caused or conditioned by present ones. We learn that getting an education will 26 how much money we earn later and that swimming beyond the reef may bring an unhappy 27 with a shark. Second, people also learn that such 28 of cause and effect are probabilistic (可能的)

41、 in nature. That is, the effects occur more often when the causes occur than when the causes are 29 , but not always. Thus, students learn that studying hard 30 good grades in most instances, but not every time. Science makes these concepts of causality and probability more 31 and provides technique

42、s for dealing 32 them more accurately than does causal human inquiry. In looking at ordinary human inquiry, we need to 33 between prediction and understanding. Often, even if we don“t understand why, we are willing to act 34 the basis of a demonstrated predictive ability. Whatever the primitive driv

43、es 35 motivate human beings, satisfying them depends heavily on the ability to 36 future circumstances. The attempt to predict is often played in a 37 of knowledge and understanding. If you can understand why certain regular patterns 38 , you can predict better than if you simply observe those patte

44、rns. Thus, human inquiry aims 39 answering both “what“ and “why“ question, and we pursue these 40 by observing and figuring out.（分数：40.00）A.exhibit B.exaggerateC.examineD.exceed解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。exhibit 展出，表现；exaggerate 夸张；exceed 超越，胜过。此句意为：实际上，人们会对未来的生活怀有(展示出)一定的愿望。A.contextsB.circumstances C.inspecti

45、onsD.intuitions解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。context 上下文；circumstance 环境；inspection 检查，视察；intuition 直觉。由下文空 5 前的内容也能看出此空应选的项。A.underestimateB.undermineC.undertake D.undergo解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。underestimate 低估；undermine 破坏；undertake 承担，担任；undergo 经历，遭受。undertake a task 为常见搭配，意为“开始进行一项任务”。A.speciallyB.particularlyC.alway

46、sD.generally 解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。specially 特别地，专门地，特地；particularly 特别，尤其；always 显得有些武断；generally 通常地，符合语义，为答案。A.somehow B.somebodyC.someoneD.something解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。本空不缺少主干成分，故该选副词 somehow 不知何故，以某种方式。A.enactB.affect C.reflectD.inflect解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。enact 制定法律，颁布；inflect 弯曲。A.meetingB.occurrenceC.encounte

47、r D.contact解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。encounter 指没有事先计划的、未料到的、短暂的相遇。A.patterns B.designsC.arrangementsD.pictures解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。pattern 模式，式样；design 设计，图案。第一段中提到过人们习惯用因果关系去推断，这是一种思考模式。A.disappointedB.absent C.inadequateD.absolute解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。absent 缺少的，不在的；inadequate 不充分的。根据文中意思应选一个与 occur 意思相反的词。A.createsB.pr

48、oduces C.losesD.protects解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。create 创造；produce 产生，得到。句意为：学生知道努力学习在大多数情况下会得到高的分数。A.obscureB.indistinctC.explicit D.explosive解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。obscure 朦胧的，模糊的；indistinct 不清楚的；explicit 外在的，清楚的；explosive 爆炸的。句意为：科学使因果性和可能性的观念变得更加清楚。A.forB.atC.inD.with 解析：解析 此题考查惯用衔接。deal in 经营；deal with 处理，安排。A.d

49、istinguish B.distinctC.distortD.distract解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。distinguish 区别，辨别；distinct 清楚的，明显的；distort 扭曲，歪曲；distract 转移。distinguish between 为常用搭配，意为“区别和”。A.atB.on C.toD.under解析：解析 此题考查惯用衔接。on the basis of 以为基础。A.whyB.howC.that D.where解析：解析 此题考查结构衔接。drive 在此为名词，意为“动力”，空格后部分是对 drive 进行修饰，故选关系代词 that 引导定语从句。A.predict B.produceC.pretendD.precede解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。predict 预言；pretend 假装；precede 在之前。A.contentB.contactC.contestD.context 解析：解析 此题考查语义衔接。content 内容；contact：接触；co