IEEE 528-2001 en Standard for Inertial Sensor Terminology《惯性传感器术语》.pdf

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1、IEEE Std 528-2001 (Revision ofIEEE Std 528-1994)IEEE StandardsIEEE Standard forInertial Sensor TerminologyPublished by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA29 November 2001IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems SocietySponsored by theGy

2、ro and Accelerometer PanelIEEE StandardsPrint: SH94961PDF: SS94961_The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USACopyright 2001 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Published 13 April 2001. Printed

3、in the United States of America.Print: ISBN 0-7381-2722-1 SH94901PDF: ISBN 0-7381-2723-X SS94901No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the priorwritten permission of the publisher.IEEE Std 528-2001 (R2007)(Revision of IEEE S

4、td 528-1994)IEEE Standard forInertial Sensor TerminologySponsorGyro and Accelerometer Panelof theIEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems SocietyReaffirmed 21 March 2007Approved 7 August 2001IEEE-SA Standards BoardAbstract: Terms and definitions relating to inertial sensors are presented in this standa

5、rd. Usageas understood by the inertial sensor community is given preference over general technical usageof the terms herein. The criterion for inclusion of a term and its definition in this standard is useful-ness as related to inertial sensor technology.Keywords: inertial sensor technology, inertia

6、l sensor terminologyIEEEStandardsdocumentsaredevelopedwithintheIEEESocietiesandtheStandardsCoordinatingCommitteesoftheIEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board. The IEEE develops its standards through a consensusdevelopment process, approved by the American National Standards Institute, w

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18、:Secretary, IEEE-SA Standards Board445 Hoes LaneP.O. Box 1331Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331USANote: Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subjectmatter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to

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21、ectronics Engineers, Inc., provided that the appropriate fee is paid to Copyright Clearance Center. Toarrange for payment of licensing fee, please contact Copyright Clearance Center, Customer Service, 222 RosewoodDrive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA; 1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any

22、individual standard foreducational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center.ii Copyright C223 2001 IEEE. All rights reserved.Introduction(This introduction is not a part of IEEE Std 528-2001, IEEE Standard for Inertial Sensor Terminology)IEEE Std 528-2001 is a revisi

23、on of IEEE Std 528-1994 and IEEE Std 528-1984. This standard is alisting of terms and denitions relating to inertial sensors. The criterion for inclusion of terms anddenitions in this standard is their general usefulness as related to inertial sensor technology. Thisrevision adds new terms associate

24、d with recent advancements in inertial sensor technology.In this standard, the symbolgis used to denote a unit of acceleration equal in magnitude to the localvalue of gravity at a test site or the standard value 9.80665m/s2. The symbol g is thus distinguishedfrom g, which is the standard symbol for

25、gram.ParticipantsThis standard represents a consensus of manufacturers and users in industry, government agencies,and other interested groups. When necessary, the needs of the inertial sensor community have beengiven preference over general technical usage. For example, degree-of-freedom, rotor angu

26、larmomentum, and pendulosity are dened in a specialized sense, as applied to inertial sensors. Ingeneral, denitions that might be found in a standard textbook have not been included; for example,damping ratio and orthogonality.This standard was prepared by the Gyro and Accelerometer Panel of the IEE

27、E Aerospace ElectronicSystemsSociety.Thispublicationrepresentsagroupeortonalargescale.ThemajorcontributorstoIEEE Std 528-1994 and to earlier versions were as follows:Sid Bennett,ChairD. R. Anderson S. A. Finken J. G. NeugroschlC. H. Barker T. A. Fuhrman R. B. Peters*S. F. Becka K. N. Green C. L. Sea

28、cordJ. S. Beri H. L. Gubbins* G. L. ShawC. E. Bosson M. D. Hooser P. B. SimpsonA. M. Brady B. Katz N. F. Sinnott*H. T. Califano K. J. Klarman R. B. SmithA. T. Campbell* M. G. Koning T. S. StanleyA. Champsi K. Lantz C. O. Swanson*J. Claassen T. C. Lear* M. TehraniJ. F. Conroy* J. Lewis R. R. ThedeJ.

29、H. Crittenden D. D. Lynch L. O. ThielmanJ. J. DAngelo, Jr. D. F. Macy D. C. TroastJ. W. Davies* R. D. Marquess L. A. TrozpekH. B. Diamond H. D. Morris R. L. Van AlstineG. W. Erickson G. E. Morrison* B. J. Wimber*A. H. Ferraris G. C. Murray B. R. Youmans*Past ChairCopyright C223 2001 IEEE. All rights

30、 reserved. iiiA total of 70 individuals attended 16 meetings of the Gyro and Accelerometer Panel during thepreparation of this revised standard, IEEE Std 528-2001. The following individuals on the Gyro andAccelerometer Panel contributed to IEEE Std 528-2001:Sid Bennett,ChairDavid R. Anderson Yoshiak

31、i Hirobe Charles PearceMichael E. Ash Ken HombRex B. Peters*Cleon H. Barker Tommy Ichinose Arkadii SinelnikovStephen Bongiovanni Bert Katz Cliord O. Swanson*Pierre Bouniol Jean-Francois Kieer David RozelleHerbert T. Califano Greg Lepore Daniel TazartesA. T. (Ted) Campbell* Dmitri Loukianov Mohammad

32、TehraniMichael Cirello Bryan Lovitt Leroy O. ThielmanJoseph DAngelo David Lynch Christopher V. TrainorGeorge W. Erickson Jean Martel Angelo TruncaleYuri Filatov Robert Moore Dennis WhiteheadThomas A. Fuhrman Harold D. Morris David J. WinkelKerry N. Green Bart Morrow, Jr. Bruce R. Youmans*Past ChairT

33、he following members of the balloting group voted on this revised standard. Balloters may havevoted for approval, disapproval, or abstention.Michael E. Ash Kerry N. Green Charles H. PearceCleon H. Barker Yoshiaki Hirobe Rex B. PetersSid Bennett Tommy Ichinose Arkadii SinelnikovStephen Bongiovanni Je

34、an-Francois Kieer Cliord O. SwansonHerbert T. Califano Dmitri Loukianov Daniel TazartesJose Vicente Calvano Bryan Lovitt Mohammad M. TehraniA. T. (Ted) Campbell Jean Martel Leroy O. ThielmanGeorge W. Erickson Gerald E.S. Morrison Christopher TrainorYuri V. Filatov Ralph B. Morrow, Jr. Bruce R. Youma

35、nsThomas A. Fuhrman Peter J. PalmerWhen the IEEE Standards Board approved this standard on 7 August 2001, it had the followingmembership:Satish K. Aggarwal James H. Gurney James W. MooreMark D. Bowman Richard J. Holleman Robert F. MunznerGary R. Engmann Lowell G. Johnson Ronald C. PetersenHarold E.

36、Epstein Robert J. Kennelly Gerald H. PetersonH. Landis Floyd Joseph L. Koepnger* John B. PoseyJay Forster* Peter H. Lips Gary S. RobinsonHoward M. Frazier L. Bruce McClung Akio TojoRuben D. Garzon Daleep C. Mohla Donald W. Zipse*Member EmeritusAlso included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standa

37、rds Board liaisons:Alan Cookson, NISTRepresentativeDonald R. Volzka, TABRepresentativeSavoula AmanatidisIEEEStandardsManagingEditoriv Copyright C223 2001 IEEE. All rights reserved.Contents1. Overview.12. Denitions1Copyright C223 2001 IEEE. All rights reserved. vIEEE Standard forInertial Sensor Termi

38、nology1. OverviewThis standard presents terms and denitions relating to inertial sensors. Usage as understood by theinertial sensor community is given preference over general technical usage of the terms herein. Thecriterion for inclusion of a term and its denition in this standard is usefulness as

39、related to inertialsensor technology.2. Definitions2.1acceleration-insensitivedriftrate(gyro):The component of environmentally sensitive drift rate notcorrelated with acceleration.NOTEAcceleration-insensitive drift rate includes the eects of temperature, magnetic, and other external inuences.2.2 acc

40、eleration random walk (accelerometer):See:random walk (acceleration random walk).2.3acceleration-sensitivedriftrate(gyro):The components of systematic drift rate correlated with therst power of a linear acceleration component, typically expressed in (C14/h)/g.2.4acceleration-squared-sensitivedriftra

41、te(gyro): The components of systematic drift rate correlatedwith either the second power of a linear acceleration component or the product of two linearacceleration components, typically expressed in (C14/h)/g2.2.5 accelerometer: An inertial sensor that measures linear or angular acceleration. Excep

42、t wherespecically stated, the term accelerometer refers to linear accelerometer. See: angular accelerometer;linear accelerometer.2.6 activation time (gyro, accelerometer):See:turn-on time.2.7 activity dip (vibrating beam accelerometer): The phenomenon where, at certain frequencies, theresonator vibr

43、ation amplitude decreases due to parasitic resonances within itself or with thesurrounding structure.2.8 alignment (gyro, accelerometer):See:input-axis misalignment.2.9 Allan variance: A characterization of the noise and other processes in a time series of data as afunctionofaveragingtime.Itisonehal

44、fthemeanvalueofthesquareofthedierenceofadjacenttimeaverages from a time series as a function of averaging time.Copyright C223 2001 IEEE. All rights reserved. 12.10 angle random walk (gyro):See:random walk(anglerandom walk).2.11 angular acceleration sensitivity: (1) (accelerometer). The change of out

45、put (divided by the scalefactor) of a linear accelerometer that is produced per unit of angular acceleration input about aspecied axis, excluding the response that is due to linear acceleration.(2) (gyro). The ratio of drift rate due to angular acceleration about a gyro axis to the angularaccelerati

46、on causing it.NOTEIn single-degree-of-freedom gyros, it is nominally equal to the eective moment of inertia of the gimbal assemblydivided by the angular momentum.2.12 angular accelerometer: An inertial sensor that measures the rate of change of inertial angularvelocity about its input axis(es).NOTEA

47、n output signal is produced from the angular motion of a proof mass (rigid or uid) relative to a case; or bydierentiating the output of a strapdown gyroscope; or by dierencing the outputs from an array of linear accelerometers.2.13 angular-case-motion sensitivity (dynamically tuned gyro): The drift

48、rate resulting from anoscillatory angular input about an axis normal to the spin axis at twice the rotor spin frequency. Thiseect is due to the single-degree-of-freedom of the gimbal relative to the support shaft and isproportional to the input amplitude and phase relative to the exure axes. See:two

49、-N (2N) angularsensitivity.2.14 angular velocity sensitivity (accelerometer): The change of output (divided by the scale factorand the square of angular rate or product of two angular rates) of a linear accelerometer that isproduced per unit of angular velocity squared, when spun about a specied axis, excluding theresponse that is due to acceleration. See: eective center-of-mass for angular velocity; rate-squaredsensitivity.2.15 angular vibration sensitivity (gyro): The ratio of the change in out