IEEE 145-2013 en Definitions of Terms for Antennas《天线用术语的定义》.pdf

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1、 IEEE Standard for Definitions of Terms for Antennas Sponsored by the Antennas Committee IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997 USA IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society IEEE Std 145-2013 (Revision of IEEE Std 145-1993) IEEE Std 145-2013 (Revision of IEEE Std 145-1993) IEEE Standard for Definiti

2、ons of Terms for Antennas Sponsor Antennas Committee of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society Approved 11 December 2013 IEEE-SA Standards Board Abstract: Definitions for antennas and for systems that incorporate an antenna as a component of the system are established in this standard. Keywords:

3、antennas, definitions, IEEE 145, terms The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA Copyright 2014 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. Published 11 March 2014. Printed in the United States of A

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32、nt of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. Copyright 2014 IEEE. All rights reserved. vi Participants At the time this IEEE standard was completed, the Antennas Definitions Working Group had the following membershi

33、p: Antoine Roederer, Chair Everett Farr Lars Foged Michael Francis Robert Hansen Randy Haupt Albert Lysko Jeffrey Nanzer Ross Stone Warren Stutzman David Thiel Jeff Way Karl Warnick The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may have voted for appro

34、val, disapproval, or abstention. William Byrd Patrick Diamond Alistair Duffy Michael Francis Avraham Freedman David Gregson Randall Groves Michael Gundlach Edward Hare Werner Hoelzl Daniel Hoolihan Tetsushi Ikegami Sergiu Iordanescu Akio Iso Efthymios Karabetsos Stuart Kerry Thomas Kurihara Arthur H

35、. Light Greg Luri Albert Lysko Roger Marks Jon Martens Michael McInnis Michael Newman Nick S. A. Nikjoo Satoshi Oyama Ulrich Pohl Michael Probasco R. K. Rannow Maximilian Riegel Michael Roberts Robert Robinson Randall Safier Bartien Sayogo Thomas Starai W. Stone Walter Struppler Kin Sze John Vergis

36、George Vlantis Jeffrey Way Hung-Yu Wei Kwangsee Woo Oren Yuen Copyright 2014 IEEE. All rights reserved. vii When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 11 December 2013, it had the following membership: John Kulick, Chair David J. Law, Vice Chair Richard H. Hulett, Past Chair Konstant

37、inos Karachalios, Secretary Masayuki Ariyoshi Peter Balma Farooq Bari Ted Burse Stephen Dukes Jean-Phillippe Faure Alexander Gelman Mark Halpin Gary Hoffman Paul Houz Jim Hughes Micahel Janezic Joseph L. Koepfinger* Oleg Logvinov Ron Peterson Gary Robinson Jon Walter Rosdahl Adrian Stephens Peter Su

38、therland Yatin Trivedi Phil Winston Yu Yuan *Member Emeritus Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative Michael Janezic, NIST Representative Michelle Turner IEEE Standards Program Manager, Document Development Michael Kipness IEEE

39、 Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Development Copyright 2014 IEEE. All rights reserved. viii Introduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 145-2013, IEEE Standard for Definitions of Terms for Antennas. This document is an updated release of standardized definitions for terms com

40、monly used in the field of antennas. It is anticipated that future revisions to this standard will include additional terms, particularly in the field of active signal-processing antennas Copyright 2014 IEEE. All rights reserved. ix Contents 1. Overview 1 1.1 Scope . 1 1.2 Purpose 1 1.3 Background 1

41、 2. Normative references 4 3. Definition structure . 4 4. Definitions 4 Copyright 2014 IEEE. All rights reserved. 1 IEEE Standard for Definitions of Terms for Antennas IMPORTANT NOTICE: IEEE Standards documents are not intended to ensure safety, security, health, or environmental protection, or ensu

42、re against interference with or from other devices or networks. Implementers of IEEE Standards documents are responsible for determining and complying with all appropriate safety, security, environmental, health, and interference protection practices and all applicable laws and regulations. This IEE

43、E document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be found under the heading “Important Notice” or “Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Documents.” They can

44、also be obtained on request from IEEE or viewed at http:/standards.ieee.org/IPR/disclaimers.html. 1. Overview 1.1 Scope This standard establishes definitions for antennas and for systems that incorporate an antenna as a component of the system. 1.2 Purpose Many individuals and organizations are invo

45、lved in the design, manufacture, measurement and use of antennas for many different applications. This standard is intended to provide a set of standard definitions for the community so that when terminology is used all will understand its meaning. 1.3 Background For the most part, the definitions o

46、f terms contained herein stand alone and are easily understood out of context: However, the terms pertaining to gain, directivity, and polarization are interrelated, and hence require some elaboration. IEEE Std 145-2013 IEEE Standard for Definitions of Terms for Antennas Copyright 2014 IEEE. All rig

47、hts reserved. 2 The viewpoints taken for polarization are that the term can be used in three related meanings and can apply: a) To a field vector at some point in space b) To a plane wave c) To an antenna The polarization of a field vector specifies the shape, orientation, and sense of the ellipse t

48、hat the extremity of the field vector describes as a function of time. This applies to any field vector: electric field, magnetic field, velocity field in a plasma, displacement field in a solid, etc. In a single-frequency plane wave, a specified field vector has the same polarization at every point

49、 in space. This is taken to be the polarization of the plane wave. In electromagnetics, conventionally the electric field is considered rather than the magnetic field. However, in a non-isotropic medium, the polarization state of the plane wave requires consideration of all its vector components. The third application of the term polarization is to antennas. The polarization of an antenna in a given direction is that of the plane wave it radiates at large distances in that direction. By reciprocity, a plane wave coming from that direction with a polarization ellipse t