IEC 61340-2-3-2016 Electrostatics - Part 2-3 Methods of test for determining the resistance and resistivity of solid materials used to avoid electrostatic charg.pdf

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1、 IEC 61340-2-3 Edition 2.0 2016-06REDLINE VERSIONElectrostatics Part 2-3: Methods of test for determining the resistance and resistivity of solid planar materials used to avoid electrostatic charge accumulation IEC 61340-2-3:2016-06 RLV(en) colour inside THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyr

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8、vailable online and also once a month by email. Electropedia - www.electropedia.org The worlds leading online dictionary of electronic and electrical terms containing 20 000 terms and definitions in English and French, with equivalent terms in 15 additional languages. Also known as the International

9、 Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) online. IEC Glossary - std.iec.ch/glossary 65 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in English and French extracted from the Terms and Definitions clause of IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries have been collected from earlier publications of IEC TC

10、37, 77, 86 and CISPR. IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service Centre: csciec.ch. IEC 61340-2-3 Edition 2.0 2016-06REDLINE VERSIONElectrostatics Part 2-3: Methods of test

11、 for determining the resistance and resistivity of solid planar materials used to avoid electrostatic charge accumulation INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 17.220.99; 29.020 ISBN 978-2-8322-3499-0 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warning! Make sure th

12、at you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. colour inside 2 IEC 61340-2-3:2016 RLV IEC 2016 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 INTRODUCTION . 6 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references . 7 3 Terms and definitions. 8 4 Conditioning and test environment . 9 5 Selection of test method. 10 6 Resistance

13、measurements of for solid conductive materials . 10 7 Resistance measurements of for solid insulating materials . 10 8 Resistance measurements of for planar electrostatic dissipative materials (used to avoid electrostatic charge accumulation) 11 8.1 Instrumentation . 11 8.1.1 General 11 8.1.2 Instru

14、mentation for laboratory evaluation 11 8.1.3 Instrumentation for acceptance testing . 11 8.1.4 Instrumentation for compliance verification (periodic testing) 11 8.2 Electrode assemblies 12 8.2.1 General 12 8.2.2 Assembly for the measurement of surface resistance . 12 8.2.3 Assembly for the measureme

15、nt of volume resistance 13 8.2.4 Assembly for the measurement of resistance to ground/groundable point and point-to-point resistance 13 8.2.5 Test support . 14 8.3 Sample preparation and handling 15 8.4 System verification fixtures for surface resistance 8.4 Test procedures 16 8.4.1 Surface resistan

16、ce measurements 16 8.4.2 Volume resistance measurements 17 8.4.3 Resistance to groundable point measurements . 17 8.4.4 Point-to-point resistance measurements . 18 8.5 System verification for volume resistance measurements 9 Conversion to resistivity values 19 9.1 Surface resistivity s. 19 9.2 Volum

17、e resistivity v19 10 Resistance measurements for non-planar materials and products with small structures 20 10.1 General considerations 20 10.2 Equipment . 20 10.2.1 Probe . 20 10.2.2 Sample support surface . 22 10.2.3 Resistance measurement apparatus . 22 10.2.4 Test leads 23 10.3 Test procedure 24

18、 11 Repeatability and reproducibility . 24 12 Test report . 25 Annex A (normative) System verification . 27 IEC 61340-2-3:2016 RLV IEC 2016 3 A.1 System verification for surface resistance measurements 27 A.1.1 Fixture and procedure for lower resistance range . 27 A.1.2 Fixture and procedure for upp

19、er resistance range and determination of electrification period . 28 A.2 System verification for volume resistance measurements 29 A.2.1 Fixture and procedure for lower resistance range . 29 A.2.2 Fixture and procedure for upper resistance range and determination of electrification period . 29 A.3 S

20、ystem verification for resistance measurements for non-planar materials and products with small structures . 29 A.3.1 Verification fixtures 29 A.3.2 Verification procedure 30 Figure 1 Example of an assembly for the measurement of surface and volume resistance . 13 Figure 2 Example of an assembly for

21、 the measurement of resistance to ground/groundable point and point-to-point resistance . 14 Figure 2 Basic connections of the electrodes for surface resistance measurements . 16 Figure 3 Basic connections of the electrodes for volume resistance measurements 17 Figure 4 Principle of resistance to gr

22、oundable point measurements 18 Figure 5 Principle of point-to-point measurements 19 Figure 6 Configuration for the conversion to surface or volume resistivity 20 Figure 8 Two-point probe configuration . 22 Figure 9 Probe to instrumentation connection . 23 Figure 10 Spring compression for measurement

23、 . 24 Figure A.1 Lower resistance range verification fixture for surface resistance measurements 27 Figure A.3 Resistance verification fixture 30 Table 1 Material for two-point probe . 21 4 IEC 61340-2-3:2016 RLV IEC 2016 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ ELECTROSTATICS Part 2-3: Methods o

24、f test for determining the resistance and resistivity of solid planar materials used to avoid electrostatic charge accumulation FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC Nat

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34、e referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

35、 DISCLAIMER This Redline version is not an official IEC Standard and is intended only to provide the user with an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Only the current version of the standard is to be considered the official document. This Redline version provides you w

36、ith a quick and easy way to compare all the changes between this standard and its previous edition. A vertical bar appears in the margin wherever a change has been made. Additions are in green text, deletions are in strikethrough red text. IEC 61340-2-3:2016 RLV IEC 2016 5 International Standard IEC

37、 61340-2-3 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 101: Electrostatics. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2000. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edi

38、tion: a) a distinction has been introduced between instrumentation used for laboratory evaluations, instrumentation used for acceptance testing and instrumentation used for compliance verification (periodic testing); b) an alternative electrode assembly is described, which can be used on non-planar

39、products or when the dimensions of the product under test are too small to allow the larger electrode assembly to be used; c) the formulae for calculating surface and volume resistivity have been modified to correspond with common industry practice in the main areas of application for the IEC 61340

40、series. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: CDV Report on voting 101/470/CDV 101/494/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with

41、 the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all the parts in the IEC 61340 series, published under the general title Electrostatics, can be found on the IEC website. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web

42、site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. IMPORTANT The “colour inside” logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it contains colours whi

43、ch are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this publication using a colour printer. 6 IEC 61340-2-3:2016 RLV IEC 2016 INTRODUCTION Measurements of resistances and related calculations of resistivities belong to the fundamental objective

44、s of electrical measuring techniques along with measurements of voltage and current. Resistivity is the electrical characteristic having the widest range, extending over some thirty orders of magnitude from the most conductive metal to almost perfect insulators. The basis is Ohms law and is valid fo

45、r DC current and instantaneous values of AC current in electron conductors (metals, carbon, etc.). Values of resistance measurements using AC current can be influenced by capacitive/inductive reactance, depending on the frequency. Thus, existing national and international standards dealing with resi

46、stance measurements of solid materials normally require the application of DC current. Most non-metal materials such as plastics are classified as polymers and ion conductors. The transport of charges can be dependent upon the applied electrical field strength during the measurement. Beside the meas

47、uring current, there exists a charging current that polarizes and/or electrostatically charges the material, indicated by an asymptotic decay of the measuring current with time and causing an apparent change in resistance. If this effect is observed, it will be advisable to repeat the measurement im

48、mediately after a definite electrification time has elapsed using the reverse polarity for the measuring current and averaging both obtained values. IEC 61340-2-3:2016 RLV IEC 2016 7 ELECTROSTATICS Part 2-3: Methods of test for determining the resistance and resistivity of solid planar materials use

49、d to avoid electrostatic charge accumulation 1 Scope This part of IEC 61340 describes test methods for the determination of the electrical resistance and resistivity of solid materials used to avoid electrostatic charge accumulation, in which the measured resistance is in the range 10 4 to 10 12. It takes account of existing IEC/ISO standards and other published information, and gives recommendations and guidelines on the appropriate method. 2 Normative references The following