（全国）2020高考英语大一轮复习话题版主题语境Unit3个人情况（三）讲义.doc

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1、1个人情况.单词拼写 1.From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude(态度) of the leader can affect the members of a team.(2018天津)2.The average(平均的) number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007.(2018全国)3.According to the data referred to，the local people were to b

2、lame(责备).4.He strongly resembles his father in character(性格).5.Learning roller skating as a beginner and falling down from time to time in the central square where people give you curious looks，really needs courage(勇气).6. The house has many interesting features(特点).The one I like best is a large Vic

3、torian fireplace.7.The higher rating means the higher quality(质量) of the product，or better service.(2018江苏)8. Even though she had to compete against many competitors, she stayed positive(积极的).9.The car shaped(塑造) some of the most lasting aspects of American culture.(2018浙江)10.Drunk driving is unforg

4、ivable for ordinary(普通的) people，let alone public figures.单句语法填空1.His appearance(appear) was different from what Id expected.2.Arts activity(active) demands a joint effort.It involves creation，performance，and promotion.3.The application(apply) of new technologies and the wide appeal of movie stars co

5、uld also account for the increase.(2017江苏)4.Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction(attract).5.The floors of all campus buildings(build) are equipped with manual fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes.(2018天津)26.Although many have

6、 spoken out against this “blood sport”，bullfighters(斗牛士) are highly respected for their strength，skills and bravery(brave).7.Childrens comparing themselves to others online may lead to lower self-identity and confidence(confident).(2018江苏)8.Because of the confusion(confuse)，Merat thinks some car mak

7、ers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without human operation.(2017天津)9.Some people believe that they cant help putting on weight(weigh) as they get older.10.When the huge earthquake hit Wenchuan and other areas in Sichuan，the Chinese governments honesty(honest) and openness about the

8、disaster won the respect and aid of many Western countries.单句改错(每小题仅有 1处错误)1.Some social app companies were to because they didnt adequately blamedblamecheck their users registration.2.You can rely on that he will take good care of your pet dog while you itare away.3.In fact，pigs are curious and ins

9、ightful animals thought to have intelligence beyond that of average 3-year-old human child. an4.Believe it or not，your attitude money is more important than how atto/towardsmuch you have.5.Being on bad terms with ones neighbors can be a very experience.disturbeddisturbing.选词填空laugh at， set an exampl

10、e to， in rags， make fun of， find fault with， lose patience1.His grandmother likes finding fault with others who talk with her on the spot.2.Days later，we made an offerfar below the asking price.Surprisingly，they didnt laugh at us.3.As time went by，he gradually lost patience，becoming easily angry.4.B

11、oth of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous，aggressive，and making fun of each otherbut always with an underlying affection.(2017全国)5.Recently，with her extraordinary act of kindness，a teenage girl in the US 3has set an example to others of her age around the

12、world.6.The little boy in rags cast his eyes on a cake in the shop window and his mouth was watering.同义词语替换1.A generation of children risked growing up worried about their looks and image as a result of the unrealistic lifestyles they follow on platforms.(2018江苏)appearance2.TOKNOW makes complex idea

13、s attractive and accessible to children，who can become involved in advanced concepts and even philosophy(哲学).(2017北京)appealing3.He was a man of medium height，his eyes shining with joy.average4.She was a courageous and determined girl with rich imagination.brave5.After what seemed like a safe amount

14、of time，I read the poem again and was puzzled.(2016上海)confused6.She tries to keep healthy by jogging every day.fit7.For many who made it to Dawson，however，the rewards were worth the difficult trip.(2018全国)tough8.Eventually，she was exhausted with hard work and could not put up with it any more.worn o

15、utattitude n.态 度 ； 看 法 ； 姿 势the attitude to/towards对的态度 in a(n).attitude以态度(1)She shows a very positive attitude to/towards her work.(2)What are the attitudes of the students? (3)How did he do the job in such an attitude?4average adj.(无比较级)平均的；平常的n.平均；平均数；一般水平；平均标准an average of平均有后跟数词 the average of

16、.的平均数up to the average达到平均水平on an/the average平均；一般地above/below the average在平均水平以上/以下(1)An average of 10 students were(be) absent each day last term.(2)The team found that flowers kept away from the sun had leaves that were 10 percent smaller on (an/the) average(平均).(2018黑龙江哈尔滨三中二模)熟词生义 选择句子中 average

17、的汉语意思(3)Freddy was an average student，but not an average person. A A.普通的 B.典型的 C.平均的易错点拨 “an average of复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数；“the average of复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。 confident adj.自 信 的 ； 肯 定 的 ， 有 把 握 的(1)be confident of/about对有信心(2)confidence n.自信心；信任with confidenceconfidently 自信地；有信心地in confidence私下地；秘密地have

18、confidence in对有信心have confidence to do.有做的信心(1)He answered that question confidently/with confidence(自信地).(2)I told you that in confidence(私下地)，so why did you tell Joan about it?(3)We should encourage him to have confidence in/be confident about(对有信心) himself.(4)同义句改写 He was confident of/about succe

19、ss.He was confident that he would succeed.5He has confidence in success.He has confidence to succeed.易错点拨 表示“自信能做某事”时，be confident后通常接 of/about (doing) sth. 或 that从句，不接不定式，但名词 confidence后面却可接不定式，不接 of/about doing。curious adj.好 奇 的(1)be/become curious about对感到好奇be curious to do sth. 极想做某事Its curious

20、that.真奇怪(2)curiosity n.好奇；好奇心out of curiosity出于好奇with curiositycuriously 好奇地meet/satisfy ones curiosity满足某人的好奇心(1)In high school，I became curious about(变得对好奇起来) the computer，and built my first website.(2016北京)(2)The people in the hall seemed very nosy(爱窥探的)，keeping their eyes on me with curiosity/cu

21、riously(好奇地).(2018天津)句式升级(3)He was curious about Australian cities，so he read the book written by Dr Johnson.(用形容词短语作状语改写)Curious about Australian cities，he read the book written by Dr Johnson.delighted adj.高 兴 的 ， 欣 喜 的(1)be delighted at/with sth. /to do sth. 为(做)某事而高兴(2)delight n.高兴；令人高兴的事；乐趣 vt.使

22、高兴；使欣喜to ones delightto the delight of sb. 使某人高兴的是with delight高兴地take delight in (doing) sth. 以(做)某事为乐(3)delight in (doing) sth. 以(做)某事为乐delight sb. with sth. 用某物使某人高兴6(4)delightful adj.令人愉快的，使人高兴的(1)The gardens show the human spirit of architecture，poetry and painting，so that today their delightful

23、(delight) creativity，lines and rhythm can be imagined by everyone.(2)The classic Walt Disney story already sounds like itll be a delight for both children and adults.(2018内蒙古赤峰模拟)(3)His wife told reporters that she was delighted with/at his new look and that it made him look kind and handsome.(2018安

24、徽马鞍山二模)(4)To my delight/To the delight of me(令我高兴的是 )，I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.(5)We delight in/take delight in(乐于) going for long walks in the country.易错点拨 现代英语中不存在 delighting这个形容词，所以不要用它来表示 delightful的意思。determined adj.坚 决 的 ； 坚 定 的 ； 果 断 的(1)be deter

25、mined to do.决心做(表示状态)(2)determine vi.& vt.决定；确定；(使)下定决心determine to do.决定做(表示动作)determine on/upon sth. 决定(3)determination n.决心；坚定；果断with determination坚决地；果断地(1)Determined(determine) to be myself，move forward，free of shame and worldly labels(世俗标签)，I can now call myself a “marathon winner”.(2018北京)(2)

26、同义句改写 I have determined to spend(spend) my holiday at home.I have determined on/upon spending my holiday at home.句式升级(3)Johnny broke away and ran outside and he was determined never to go to another dance.(用形容词短语作状语改写)Johnny broke away and ran outside，determined never to go to another dance.7figure

27、n.数字；身材，体形；人物；雕像，塑像；图形v.计算；认为1keep ones figure保持体形2figure out弄懂；计算；想出，理解写出下列句子中 figure的汉语意思(1)She has a good figure.身材，体形(2)By 2014，this figure had risen to 14 million.数字(3)Chairman Mao is an important political figure.人物单句语法填空(4)A team of scientists has finally been able to figure out how and why y

28、oung sunflowers move.(2018黑龙江哈尔滨三中二模)图解助记fit v.(使)合适；(使)合身；使一致；安装adj.适合的；健康的fit in相适应；相融合fit in with.适应；与合得来；与一致keep fit保持健康be fit for/to do sth. 胜任某事/适合做某事(1)Hes never done this type of work before；Im not sure whether hell fit 8in with the other people.他过去从未干过这种工作，很难说他是否会与其他人配合得好。(2)It was the firs

29、t time I had lived far away from my home，so I found it difficult to fit in.(2018河北衡水中学模拟)这是我第一次住得离家很远，所以我觉得很难适应。(3)Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature.运动有助于你保持健康，接触大自然。(4)The food was not fit for human consumption.这食物不适宜人吃。熟词生义 选择句子中 fit in的汉语意思(5)Ill try and fit you in after l

30、unch. A A.找到时间(见某人) B.相处融洽 C.适应易错点拨fit in中 in为副词，其后接宾语时需要加介词 with。pretend vi.假 装 ； 假 扮pretend to do.假装做pretend to be doing.假装正在做pretend to have done.假装已经做过pretend to be n./adj.假装是同义句改写(1)She pretended to be reading a book.(改为复合句)She pretended that she was reading a book.(2)He pretended that he had f

31、inished his homework already.(改为简单句)He pretended to have finished his homework already.proud adj.骄 傲 的 ， 自 豪 的(1)be proud of为感到骄傲/自豪be proud to do.做感到自豪be proud that.为而感到自豪(2)pride n.骄傲，自豪 vt.为骄傲take pride in以自豪，对感到得意9with pride骄傲地；自豪地pride oneself on (doing) sth. 以(做)某事而自豪； 得意于(做)某事(1)He looked at

32、his painting with pride.(2)He prides himself on remaining calm in an emergency.(3)一句多译 张先生为自己没有放弃而感到自豪。Mr Zhang took pride in himself for not giving up.(pride n.)Mr Zhang was proud of himself for not giving up.(proud)Mr Zhang was proud that he had not given up.(proud)shape n.形状；外形；状况；性质v.塑造；造成形状in g

33、ood/bad shape状况好/不好out of shape不健康；变形in the shape of以的形式；呈的形状take shape形成；成形get into shape强身健体(1)Tim is in good shape physically even though he doesnt get much exercise.尽管蒂姆没有得到多少锻炼，但他身体状况良好。(2)We went into a room in the shape of a star.我们走进一个星星形状的房间。(3)Ive been jogging a lot to get myself into shap

34、e.我长期慢跑锻炼身体。(4)I have been out of shape ever since I left the army.自从我离开军队后，我的身体一直很差。straight adj.直的；垂直的；坦诚的；井然有序的adv.直接地；笔直地10(1)straight away立即(2)get sth. straight弄明白；搞清楚(3)straighten vt.弄直；使变直straighten up整顿；清理(1)Youd better straighten(straight) up your house.(2)A straight road goes straight from

35、 our village to the center of the town.(straight)熟词生义 选择句子中 straight的汉语意思(3)Weve had eight straight days of rain. A A.连续不断地 B.诚实的 C.垂直的易错点拨 straight 既可用作形容词也可用作副词，注意不要使用 straightly这一形式。strict adj.严 格 的 ； 严 厉 的 ； 严 谨 的(1)be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格be strict in sth. 对某事严格(2)strictly speaking严格地说(1)I th

36、ink teachers need to be strict with students.(2)We should be strict in our study and work.(3)Strictly(strict) speaking，the world has enough land to feed everybody.suit vt.适合；使适宜n.一套外衣；套装(1)suit sb. 适合某人suit ones needs适合某人的需要(2)a suit of一套(3)suitable adj.合适的；适宜的be suitable for适合于11be suitable to do s

37、th. 适合做某事(4)suited adj.适合的(作表语)be suited for/to适合(1)Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers，believing they are better suited(suit) for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.(2018天津)(2)The film is suitable for(适合) children.(3)单句改错 Itll suit for him very well if we set of

38、f at 8 in the morning.句式升级(4)The challenge is finding suitable partners for them.(用动词 suit和定语从句改写)The challenge is finding partners that suit them.根据语境用 suit，match，fit 的正确形式填空(5)The size of the shirt fits me well and its color matches my tie，so it suits me.词义辨析 suit，match，fitsuit 多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、

39、时间等；指衣服合适时，多指颜色和款式。match 多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。fit 多指大小、形状合适，引申为“吻合，协调” 。reliable adj.可 信 赖 的 ； 可 依 赖 的 ； 可 靠 的rely on/upon依靠；依赖Error!指望某人做某事rely on/upon sb. /sth. for sth. 在某事上依赖/指望某人/物rely on/upon it that.指望；相信(1)Tom is an honest and reliable(rely) student.(2)I rely on/upon him for everything；hes my

40、 right arm.(3)一句多译 你可以相信他会准时来的。You can rely on/upon him/his coming on time.(doing)You can rely on/upon him to come on time.(to do)12You can rely on/upon it that he will come on time.(用 it作形式宾语)易错点拨 在 rely on it that结构中，it 作形式宾语，代替 that引导的宾语从句。此类动词(短语)还有：love，like，appreciate，hate，depend on，see to 等。c

41、alm down使 平 静 /镇 静 下 来keep/stay/be calm保 持 镇 静(1)This helps your body receive a signal to relax.Then you can calm yourself(you) down and get centered.(2)It is important to keep/stay/be calm(保持镇静) in an emergency.(3)Taylors swift action helped her teammates calm down(冷静下来).(2017北京)根据语境用 calm，quiet，si

42、lent，still 填空(4)Try to keep calm and just tell me what happened.(5)He spoke no English and was completely silent during the visit.(6)Children find it difficult to sit still for very long.(7)The airlines have invested enormous sums in quieter，more efficient engines.词义辨析 calm，quiet，silent，stillcalm 平静

43、的，沉着的，指无风浪或人的心情不激动。quiet 宁静的，安静的，指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑。silent 寂静的，沉默的，指不说话或没有声音。still 静止的，不动的，指(人体等)不运动的。wear out使 筋 疲 力 尽 ； 耗 尽 ； 穿 破 ； 用 坏 ； 消 磨 时 间 等 wear down以不断的压力或阻力 使磨损或坏掉wear off逐渐消失；效果逐渐减少；药效渐渐消失wear away逐渐磨损，磨蚀出凹痕写出下列句子中 wear out的汉语意思(1)Playing with little children really wears me out！累坏；筋疲力

44、尽(2)Childrens shoes wear out quickly.穿坏(3)He has worn out miserable days with patience.度过；消磨单句语法填空(4)After about an hour，my patience began to wear out. (5)Constant dropping will wear away a stone.(6)Worn(wear) out after a long walk，Henry called and said he couldnt come.Mary is a girl in her early tw

45、enties with long hair reaching 13the waist.玛丽是一个二十出头、长发及腰的女孩。句 型 ： with复 合 结 构“with复合结构”在句中多作状语，也可以作定语。常见的结构有：1with宾语介词短语2with宾语doing 表示主动或正在进行的动作3with宾语done 表示被动或已完成的动作4with宾语to do 表示将来的动作5with宾语 adj.6with宾语 adv.(1)With winter coming(come) on，its time to buy warm clothes.(2)With all the things she

46、needed bought(buy)，she went home happily.(3)With nothing to do(do)，Tom sleeps at home.(4)The man came in，with a bottle in his hand(手里拿着一个瓶子).句式升级 用 with复合结构改写下列句子(5)The 2019 College Entrance Examination is drawing near，so the students feel great pressure.With the 2019 College Entrance Examination dr

47、awing near，the students feel great pressure.(6)After she took a great weight off her mind，she passed all the tests successfully.With a great weight taken off her mind，she passed all the tests successfully.(2016天津，B)Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone，not in features but in footsteps.As

48、 he grows you also age，and your ambitions become more unachievable.You begin to realize that your boy，in your footsteps，could probably accomplish what you hoped for.But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.14My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten.S

49、cience projects waited until the last moment.Book reports werent written until the final threat.Ive been a newspaperman all my adult life.My daughter is a university graduate working toward her masters degree in English.But Jody? When he entered the tenth grade he became a “vo-tech” student(技校学生).Theyre called “motorheads” by the rest of the