（全国）2020高考英语大一轮复习话题版主题语境Unit2个人情况（二）讲义.doc

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1、1个人情况.单词拼写 1.Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment(公寓).(2018天津)2.Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers bodies develop adult characteristics，but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep(睡着的) before 11 pm.(2017浙江)3.The website prov

2、ides students with information free of charge(收费).4.Medium color choices are generally furniture(家具) pieces such as sofas，dinner tables or bookshelves.(2018全国)5.Now I have two children, and Id like to think we are bringing them up in the same way that Dad raised(抚养) me.6.At last, the strong young ma

3、n removed(移走) the rock without effort.7.Another argument against television is that it replaces(替代) reading as a form of entertainment.8.After years of hard work，scientists hope to break through in their search(搜寻) for a cure for cancer.9.The curves of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall

4、 of hills，forming a unique view(风景).(2018全国)10.Gibbs had an X-ray, which revealed no broken(折断的) bones. .单句语法填空1.The wind blew non-stop，and all the food I ate，and the very air I breathed(breath)，were filled with sand，sand，sand！(2016浙江)2.The main duty of the fire prevention professionals is to check

5、and maintain fire prevention equipment(equip).3.Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance(enter).(2017全国)4.She seemed so content in her observation(observe).I didnt want to mess with that.(2017天津)5.Some youngsters started secondary school ill-equ

6、ipped to cope with the 2tremendous pressure(press) they faced online.(2018江苏)6.With current technology，a permanent settlement(settle) on Mars is not far from reality，the researchers concluded.7.Clearly，some people have much more sensitive(sense) teeth.So they are afraid of the cold or icy drinks.8.T

7、he team transforms the familys long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty(taste) recipes.(2018全国)9.Our soldiers are willing(will) to sacrifice their lives to defend our country.10.I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking(think).(2016全国).单句改错(

8、每小题仅有 1处错误)1.According to the agreement，the buyer will charge certain amount of rate withforhaving the goods delivered.2.I was just going to call the police for help，when I saw a strange figure in strange orange clothes.dressingdressed3.Growing numbers of single Japanese women are looking for a mate

9、 who can do and raise children，a recent government survey in Japan has showed.houseworkshousework4.If you study hard enough，a place at Peking University could be your beyondwithinreach.5.With his eyes on the family album，he thought of the fun he had when fixingfixedhe lived with his parents.6.His re

10、cent works involve the new elements in a search of a new sense of harmony.7.Much to his disappointment，he had his proposal down again.turnturned8.With so much work my mind，I felt stressed and couldnt feel a real filledfillingsense of achievement.选词填空feel ones way， slide into， be buried in， turn arou

11、nd， burst into laughter1.Every time I see her，she is buried in the book dating back to ancient time.32.Local police said a clerk at the store burst into laughter when the person wearing a Pluto(dog) mask walked into the store at 9：45 pm last Tuesday.3.It was totally dark in the corridor and I had to

12、 feel my way along.4.He slid into a bad habit of smoking and his parents were worried about his present condition.5.The 1950 World Cup，which saw Brazil beaten by Uruguay，also led to Peles determination to turn around the situation for his national team.cut off， hold on to， take off， run out， out of

13、order6.While he was writing his books，he always cut himself off from the outside world.7.It is impossible to get through to him because the phone is out of order.8.The underground water in Saudi Arabia might run out in 50 years.9.There are small pieces of metal that stick out for you to stand on and

14、 hold on to.10.American adventurer Steve Fossett took off late Monday in an attempt to make the first nonstop，solo airplane flight around the world.同义词语替换1.Some competitions have begun since the beginning of this year. have kicked off2.More than any other art form，films have been reflecting the real

15、 life and society.mirroring3.His life is packed with drama and global significance，one that deserves to be analysed in detail.is filled with4.Nowadays，China is supposed to focus its attention on its research in science and technology.fix its attention on5.Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for

16、a woman to get medical training at that time.struck/occurred to6.She removed her glasses and rubbed her eyes.took offbeat v.击败，战胜；打，击；跳动，搏动n.跳动；敲击声；拍子4be beaten black and blue被打得青一块紫一块beat time打拍子(1)Our team was easily beaten(beat) in the first round of the competition.(2)Simon always beats me at te

17、nnis.(3)She was beaten to death.(4)Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.根据语境用 beat，defeat，win 的正确形式填空(5)Napoleon was defeated/beaten by the Duke of Wellington at the battle of Waterloo.(6)She won the admiration of many people in her battle against cancer

18、.易混辨析 beat，defeat，winbeat，defeat 用作动词都可以表示(在比赛、竞争、选举或战斗中)“击败；战胜” 。其宾语必须是人或由人组成的组织。win 指(在竞赛、赛跑、战斗或选举中)“获胜，赢得；获得” ，可用作及物动词或不及物动词。其宾语通常是 war，prize，election，argument，game，race，medal，support 等非人的词。dress v.给穿衣服；穿着；打扮n.连衣裙；衣服dress up装扮；打扮dress up as装扮成dress sb. /oneself in给某人/自己穿衣服be dressed in穿着get dress

19、ed穿上衣服(1)What are you going to dress up as for Halloween?(2)I saw a man pretty shabbily dressed(dress) compared to me，who seemed to 5notice me.(3)Mary dresses herself(she) like a grandma.(4)To my surprise，I found my nephew dressed in(穿着) a girls skirt.fill v.使 充 满 ； 装 满 ； 填 补 ； 使 充 满 感 情 (1)be fille

20、d with充满着fill in/out填写fill.with.用填fill up填满(2)be full of装满to the full充分地in full完全地；完整地(1)For many，finding an unattended wallet filled(fill) with 400 in cash would be a source of temptation.(2018北京)(2)He went home，filled with/full of happiness(满是幸福).(3)Those who apply for the position are expected to

21、 fill in/out(填写) the application form.(4)He enjoyed life to the full(尽情地).fix v.使 固 定 ； 安 装 ； 修 理 ； 安 排 ； 确 定 ； 决 定fix ones eyes on/upon注视；凝视fix ones attention on/upon集中注意力于keep ones eyes fixed on注视着fix on选定；确定(1)Wed better fix on a date for the meeting.我们最好确定一个开会的日子。句式升级(2)The students were sitting

22、 in the classroom and their eyes were fixed on the teachers.The students were sitting in the classroom with their eyes fixed on the 6teachers.(用 with复合结构改写)The students were sitting in the classroom，keeping their eyes fixed on the teachers.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)联想发散 表示“专注于，专心于”的其他短语：concentrate on，focus on，

23、put ones heart into，be buried in，abandon oneself to，be lost in，be absorbed in，be devoted to 等。hit vt.敲击；击中；碰撞；袭击n.C打击；攻击；击中；风行一时的作品；轰动一时的成功人物(1)hit on/upon想到Error!某人突然想起(2)make a hit成功写出下列句子中 hit的词性及汉语意思(1)I couldnt remember where Id seen him before，and then it suddenly hit me.vt.使突然想起(2)Our ship to

24、ok a direct hit and sank.n.击中(3)When he first arrived in the US，Yao was an instant hit among basketball fans nationwide.n.轰动一时的成功人物(4)一句多译 我突然想到他们冤枉了她。It occurred/came to me that they had done great wrong to her.(occur/come)It struck me that they had done great wrong to her.(strike)It hit me that th

25、ey had done great wrong to her.(hit)联想发散 表示“某人想起”句型还有：(1)Sb. thinks of Sth. (2)Sth. strikes/hits sb. (3)Sb. hits on/upon Sth. (4)Sth. comes to sb. /ones mind.等。lie vi.说谎；躺；位于n.谎言7(1)lie to sb. 对某人说谎lie down躺下lie in在于(2)tell sb. a lie对某人说谎(1)The problem lies in deciding when to start.(2)There was a c

26、hild lying(lie) on the ground.(3)She always lays her book on the shelf(把书放在书架上).根据语境用 lie，lay 的正确形式填空(4)The boy lied to his mother that the white hen had laid a black egg and that he had laid it in the box which was lying under his bed.熟词生义 选择句子中 lie的汉语意思(5)The picture lay hidden in the archives(档案室

27、) for over 40 years. A A.处于(某种状态) B.说谎 C.躺词义辨析动词原形 意义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词lie 说谎 lied lied lyinglie 躺；卧；位于 lay lain lyinglay 放置；产卵 laid laid layingnote n.记录；笔记；注释；便条v.注意；留意(1)take note of注意；留意make a note/notes of记录make/take notes做笔记compare notes (with sb. )(与某人)交换意见/看法(2)note down记下；记录be noted for因而闻名Tom i

28、s a hardworking student，who has formed the habit of (1)taking/making 8notes(做笔记) and (2)noting down(记下) all the important points that the teacher taught in class.After class，he often (3)compares notes with(与交换意见) other students.All this has paid off and he has made great progress.At the same time，hi

29、s classmates (4)have taken note of(注意到) what he did and have decided to follow him.易错点拨 take note of和 take notes of意思不同，前者表示“注意” ，相当于 take notice of；后者表示“记下，对做好笔记” 。replace v.替 换 ； 代 替 ； 把 放 回 原 处(1)replace.with/by.用替换(2)in place of代替take ones place代替；就座take the place of代替(3)replacement n.代替；取代；更换；替

30、代的人(物)(1)Im going to replace my old car with/by a new one.(2)As I wandered around， I was a little disappointed to see the old buildings had been replaced(replace) with new high-rise ones.(2018吉林长春四模)(3)一句多译 我们的班长将代替我们的班主任参加会议。Our monitor will take the place of our head teacher to attend the meeting.

31、Our monitor will attend the meeting in place of our head teacher.Our monitor will take our head teachers place to attend the meeting.settle v.(使 )定 居 ； 结 束 ； 解 决 ； 决 定 ； 确 定 ； 平 静 下 来(1)settle down安静下来；安顿下来；平静下来settle down to开始专心做(to 是介词)settle in/into适应(新环境、新工作)settle on/upon决定；选定(2)settler n.移居者；(

32、问题等的)解决者settlement n.定居点；解决；移民；偿清(1)Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution，the company eventually settled in/into Tel Aviv in the late 1920s.(2017全国)该公司成立于 1905年革命后的莫斯科，最终于 20世纪 20年代末期在特拉维夫安顿下来。(2)They settled down to a serious discussion over coffee.9他们喝着咖啡，开始认真讨论一个重要问题。句式升级(3)The problem was

33、settled and they were happy and relaxed.With the problem settled，they were happy and relaxed.(用 with复合结构改写)B ecause/As the problem was settled， they were happy and relaxed.(改 为 含 有 状 语从 句 的 复 合 句 )sight n.景 色 ， 风 景 ； 视 力 ； 看 见 ； 眼 界at first sight乍一看catch sight of看见；瞥见lose sight of看不见；忽略；忘记come into

34、sight进入视野；映入眼帘lose ones sight失明at the sight of一看到out of sight看不见in/within sight在视野内(1)At first sight(乍一看)，it seems a silly question.(2)She caught sight of(看见) a car in the distance.(3)I always faint at the sight of(一看到)blood.(4)After a while Uncle Paul and his farm house were out of sight(看不见).(2018

35、浙江)易错点拨 lose sight of意为“(因视线模糊或距离远等)看不见” ；lose ones sight意为“失明” ，两者意义不同。strike vt.& vi.(struck，struck)打；罢工；(时钟等)敲响，报(时)；擦(火柴)；撞击；侵袭；给(某人以)印象；突然想起n.罢工；袭击(1)be struck with/by被所袭击(感动)It strikes sb. that.某人觉得；某人突然想起Sth. strike sb. (sb. strike on Sth. )某人想到10(2)be on strike在罢工go on strike举行罢工(3)striking

36、adj.显著的；突出的；惹人注目的写出下列句子中 strike的汉语意思(1)The clock has just struck 10.(钟)敲(2)He hit me，so I struck him back.打(3)The girl struck a match and lit a candle.擦(火柴)(4)They have been on strike for several days.罢工(5)I struck on a good idea yesterday.突然想起单句语法填空(6)Struck(strike) by the beauty of the West Lake，w

37、e stopped to admire the beautiful scenery. (7)It struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team.switch v.转变；转换n.开关；转换switch off 关上电灯、电视等 ；断掉电源switch on打开；开始运行switch over转变；转换；换台switch to切换到；转到(1)Switch over if you dont like the programme.(2)Wh

38、en I switched on the light，I found the room robbed.(3)Being bored of the present job，he wants to make a switch.(4)I parked the car and switched off the engine.(5)Then I became aware of an SUV coming up directly behind us at speed.At the last moment，it switched to the right-hand lane.(2018学海大联考高三模拟)v

39、iew n.看法；观点；视野；风景11v.把看作；观看；注视；考虑(1)in view of鉴于；由于；考虑到in ones view在某人看来come into view进入视野；看得见have a good view of清楚地看到；饱览(2)view.as.把看作(3)viewer n.观看者；观众(1)Viewed(view) from a distance，the island looked like a cloud.(2)We decided，in view of his special circumstances(鉴于他的特殊情况)，that we would admit him

40、 for a probationary period(试用期).(3)In my view/opinion(依我看来)，if you want to learn English well，you need to do more listening，speaking，reading and writing.run out give out用 完 ； 耗 尽 主 语 为 物 ， 无 被 动 语 态 run out of 人用完；从流出/跑出run across偶然碰见run after追捕；跟踪；追求run away跑开；逃走run into撞上；偶然遇见；遇到 困难等run for竞选；匆匆去取

41、run through浏览；快速穿越根据语境用 run短语的正确形式填空(1)However，that rapid growth is likely to slow down as people run out of time thats available for them to use their devices.(2018湖南永州三模)(2)One day she happened to run across/into Xiao Liu.(3)If you run after two hares，you will catch neither.(4)She ran for class pr

42、esident and won the majority.take off脱 掉 衣 服 ； 飞 机 起 飞 ； 成 功 ， 事 业 腾 飞 ； 开 始 流 行 ； 请 假 ； 匆 匆 离 开take down拆除；写下12take up拿起；接受；开始；继续；占用；从事take on开始雇用；呈现；承担take in吸引；领会；欺骗take over接管写出下列句子中 take off的汉语意思(1)The plane took off on time.起飞(2)She asked to take two days off the following week.请假(3)He took of

43、f my wet boots and made me sit by the fire. 脱掉；摘掉(4)My writing career took off when I discovered my own style. 开始成功完成句子(5)He did not particularly want to take up a competitive sport.他并不特别想从事竞技体育运动。The coin is of high quality and worth collecting.这种硬币品质高值得收藏。句 型 ： “be of adj. 抽 象 名 词 ”结 构(1)“be of抽象名

44、词”可转化为相应的形容词。这类名词有value，use，importance，help，interest 等。它们可用no，some，any，little，much，great 等词修饰。(2)有些抽象名词没有相应的形容词形式，这类名词包括size，weight，height，length，width，age，opinion，colour，price，kind，type，shape，way，quality 等。这类名词根据具体的情景而变复数形式，也可在其前加冠词。(1)A good breakfast is of importance(important) to your health.一顿丰

45、盛的早餐对健康很重要。(2)The two boys are of an age.这两个男孩年龄相仿。一句多译(3)这本词典对英语学习者非常有用。The dictionary is of great use to learners of English.The dictionary is very useful to learners of English.13(4)此外，为了精通中国文化，了解课堂内容唐诗，对你来说十分重要。(2017全国)Whats more，in order to have much knowledge of Chinese culture，it is of import

46、ance for you to be aware of the content，Tang poetry.To keep healthy，he took up cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired.为了保持健康，退休后他开始把骑自行车作为常规的锻炼形式。句 型 ： 不 定 式 作 目 的 状 语不定式作目的状语，其动作发生在谓语动词之后，一般放在句子后面，但如果表示强调，也可位于句首，前面可加 in order，但不能用 so as。值得注意的是，不定式作目的状语时，其否定式不能用“not不定式” ，而要用“in order

47、 not不定式”或“so as not不定式” 。(1)The whole family went to the beach to spend their weekend.全家人去海滨度周末。(2)In order to earn enough money，he worked late into the night.为了赚足够的钱，他工作到深夜。(3)Lets hurry so as not to be late/in order not to be late for the meeting.咱们快点走，免得开会迟到。I dont know what it was in the novel t

48、hat made him burst into tears.我不知道小说里到底是什么使他放声大哭。句 型 ： It is/was 被 强 调 部 分 that/who 其 他 部 分(1)强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was被强调部分that/who其他部分(若被强调的是人，可用 that或 who；若被强调的部分是其他时，一律用 that)。另外要注意：本句型不能用于强调原句的谓语动词。(2)强调句的一般疑问句结构为：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who.?(3)强调句的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词is/was itthat.?(4)对 not.until.句型中的时间状语(从句

49、)进行强调时的结构为：It is/was not until被强调部分that其他部分。14(1)It was the man that/who helped me out when I was in trouble.(2)It was when we were returning home that I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.强调下列句子中的画线部分(3)I didnt leave until he came.It was not until he came that I left.(4)Who does this place belong to?Who is it that this place belongs to?(5)I wo