（全国）2020高考英语大一轮复习话题版主题语境Unit1个人情况（一）讲义.doc

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1、1个人情况.单词拼写1.The arts are efficient economic drivers and when they are supported，the entire small-business community benefits(受益).(2018江苏)2.This delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure(财宝) Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF.(2017全国) 3.Are you just looking for a plac

2、e to relax(放松) after a long day？(2018全国)4.My hobbies(爱好) are reading，listening and watching birds.5.Dance expresses love and hate，joy(快乐) and sorrow，life and death，and everything else in between.(2018全国)6.Tom is looking for another job，because he feels that nothing he does satisfies(使满意) his boss.7.

3、On the Internet，people can seek information about their favourite(最喜爱的) stars.(2017江苏)8.Some of us were confident and eager(渴望的) to take part in the class activity；others were nervous and anxious.(2018全国)9.Of the two ways of sharing books，the latter wins my favour(喜爱).10.Its funny(奇怪的) how things ne

4、ver happen the way you expect them to.单句语法填空1.The extensive collection(collect) consists of masterworks in sculpture，colored glass，and precious objects from Europe dating from about the 9th to the 15th century.(2018江苏)2.But no matter how rich they were，Dawson was never comfortable(comfort).(2018全国)3

5、.Foreign visitors are required to be in possession of a passport.4.Of course，you want to make sure that you become an accepted and valuable(value) part of your neighborhood.(2018浙江)5.Koalas are such a great attraction(attract) for visitors that many zoos are trying to include them among their specie

6、s.6. Friendship is a personal relationship that has a variety(various) of social 2benefits.7.Curiosity(curious) got the best of me as I knew it would be starting to get dark soon.(2018天津)8.Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping(camp)？(2018全国)9.He did not compromise easily，but was w

7、illing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy(worth) cause.(2016江苏)10.The tea house witnessed a really enjoyable(enjoy) time for all of us.(2018北京).单句改错(每小题仅有 1处错误)1.Can you do me favour and tell Kelly Im here? a2.It is worth visiting the art museum.verywell3.Out of the curiosity，Brown spent

8、 hours at the local library searching for information on the pilot.4.If we fail to do ，we will live to regret it.suchso5.Jenny said that playing basketball is her sport.favouritestfavourite.选词填空be interested in， take up， be fond of， appeal to， be fed up with， be keen on1.The children were fond of th

9、e US presidents daughters.2.I am interested in the relationship between humans and nature.3.John thinks it wont be long before he is ready to take up the new job.4.I am fed up with this dank(阴湿的) weather.Its time that we had some sunshine.5.What appeals to us most is Leonardo da Vinci, who was not o

10、nly a painter, but also took up professions as a musician and an architect.6.He is keen on visiting his birthplace again.同义词语替换1.Sports can be very valuable，especially to people who use their brains most of the day.of great value2.She is mad about classical music and will not miss any chance to atte

11、nd a concert.is crazy about3.Sport has become an important form of entertainment，interesting both men and 3women.appealing to4.Employers naturally prefer candidates with some previous experience of the job.favour5.Reading fairy tales didnt engage his interest for long.attractattract vt.吸 引 ； 引 起 的 兴

12、 趣 (1)attract ones attention吸引某人的注意attract.to.把吸引到(2)attraction n.吸引，吸引力；有吸引力的事物或人have no attraction for sb. 对某人没有吸引力(3)attractive adj.有吸引力的；引人注意的(1)The government is trying to attract industry to the area.(2)Dalian is so attractive(attract) a place that lots of tourists visit the city every year.(3

13、)Most tourist attractions(attract) in China are littered，the worst of which is this lake.(4)Her new clothes are attracting a lot of attention(引起了很大关注).benefit v.有益于；有助于；受益n.好处；利益；成效(1)benefit sb. /sth. 对某人/物有益benefit from/by从中受益(2)be of benefit to对有益for ones benefitfor the benefit of sb. 为了某人的利益(3)

14、beneficial adj.有益的be beneficial to对有益4一句多译 新规定对所有学生都有好处。(1)The new regulation will be of benefit to all the students.(be of benefit)(2)The new regulation will be beneficial to all the students.(beneficial)(3)All the students will benefit from the new regulation.(benefit from)(4)The new regulation wi

15、ll benefit all the students.(benefit vt.)易错点拨 benefit 作为及物动词，其宾语总是“受益者” ，而不能是所受的“益处” 。要表示“受益于某事(物)” ，英语习惯上用 benefit by/from sth. 。collect v.收 集 ； 搜 集 ； 募 集 ； 集 中(1)collect money (for)(为)募捐(2)collection n.收集；聚集；收藏品；募捐a collection of一批收藏的；许多的(3)collector n.收藏家；采集者collective adj.集体的；共同的 n.集体；团体；全体人员(1)

16、Material collecting(collect) took us a whole week，during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of every aspect of school life.(2017北京)材料收集花了我们整整一个星期的时间，在此期间，我们采访了老师们并拍摄了学校生活的方方面面。(2)I tried to collect my thoughts but I was too excited.我想镇定下来，但是我太激动了。(3)He is collecting money for famine

17、 relief.他正在为赈济饥民募捐。(4)There is a collection of dust in an unused room.空着不用的房间积起了大量灰尘。易混辨析 collect，gather表示“搜集” “聚集” ，二者有时可互换。gather 通常只表示把分散的人或物聚拢在一起，而 collect则指有计划、有条理地为了某一目的而进行的较为精心的搜集，例如：He collects stamps.中的 collects不可用gathers代替。comfort n.& v.安 慰 ， 慰 藉 ； 使 安 逸 ， 舒 适(1)in comfort(comfortably)舒服5地

18、take comfort from从 中得到安慰(2)comfortable adj.舒适的，安逸的comfortably adv.舒服地(1)But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable(comfort) with the technology.(2018北京)(2)This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea comfortably(comfort) while nibbling

19、(小口吃) on nice sandwiches，scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes.(2019宁夏银川一中模拟)(3)They enjoy better health owing to recent advances in medicine and in public health care.They also enjoy all the comforts(comfort) of modern life.(4)同义句改写 The old man is living comfortably.The old man i

20、s living in comfort.易错点拨(1)comfort意为“安逸，舒适”时，为不可数名词；意为“给予援助或安慰的人或事”时，为可数名词。类似的词还有 surprise，success，failure，pleasure 等。(2)comfortable既可表示“感到舒服的” ，也可表示“令人舒服的” ，但不表示“安慰的” ，所以“他的话让我颇感安慰”不宜译为：What he said made me very comfortable.可译为：What he said gave me great comfort.。eager adj.热 切 的 ； 渴 望 的be eager to

21、do.渴望做be eager for sth. 急于得到be eager for sb. to do.希望某人做be eager that.热切地希望从句常用 “should do”(1)Both stressed their eagerness(eager) to hear from readers and listeners on social networks.(2019福建莆田九中模拟)(2)Angie and the other girls were eager to see(see) what kind of wild jump 6Janie would attempt.(2019

22、黑龙江鹤岗一中模拟)(3)同义句改写 We are eager for him to help us.We are eager that he (should) help us.易错点拨(1)eager后面习惯不接 for doing sth. ，可接 to do sth. 。(2)too eager to do.急于做，而非“太着急而不能做” 。如：They are too eager to show off their beautiful garden.他们急于炫耀他们漂亮的花园。联想发散 表达“急切/盼望(做)”的短语还有：be anxious for/to do.，long for，b

23、e greedy for，be hungry for，be dying for/to do.，be thirsty for，be keen on/to do.等。fun n.乐 趣 ； 快 乐 ； 有 趣 的 人 或 事(1)have fun玩得开心；作乐，玩乐have fun (in) doing sth. There is fun (in) doing sth. 做某事有乐趣for/in fun开玩笑地，不是认真地What fun it is.！多么有趣！make fun of嘲笑；取笑(2)funny adj.滑稽的；可笑的(1)What fun it is to jump into t

24、he river for a swim in summer!(2)Im not saying it for/in fun.(3)Have fun picking(pick) a motto and theme song for your life.(4)The article made fun of various people and things in Boston.(5)I had great fun playing(play) cards with them.易错点拨 fun 无论作何种意义讲，都是不可数名词，以下例子中 fun虽用作表语，但仍为名词，而非形容词，故可用 great，m

25、uch，a lot of 等形容词修饰，而不可用 very修饰。如：Why dont you come with us? Itll be great fun.。relax vt.& vi.(使 )松 弛 ； (使 )松 懈 ； (使 )休 息 ； 放 松relaxed adj.轻松的；松懈的；宽松的relaxing adj.使人放松的relaxation n.放松，休息；娱乐活动7根据语境用 relax的正确形式填空(1)Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.(2)Comfortable bikes and

26、a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.(2018全国)(3)Not only did it get us close to nature and give us relaxation from heavy school work，but it also promoted the friendship among us.易错点拨 汉语可说“自我放松” “使自己放松” ，但英语中的 relax习惯上不接反身代词作宾语。satisfy v.使 满 意 ， 使 满 足 ； 满 足 需 求 、 需

27、要 等 (1)satisfy/meet ones needs/demands满足某人的需要/要求(2)satisfied adj.(感到)满意的be satisfied to do./with.对(做)感到满意(3)satisfying adj.令人满意的(4)satisfaction n.满意in/with satisfaction满意地to ones satisfaction使某人满意的是(1)The story had a satisfying(satisfy) ending.(2)She finished her meal and gave a satisfied(satisfy) s

28、mile.(3)She looked at the finished painting with/in satisfaction(满意地).(4)同义句改写 I was satisfied with what he had done for me.What he had done for me satisfied me.value n.价值；重要性v.估价；重视(1)be of value(be valuable)有价值的be good/bad value for money钱花得值/不值value.at.估价为(2)valuable adj.贵重的，有价值的；很有用的invaluable a

29、dj.无价的；非常宝贵的(priceless)8valueless adj.无价值的；没有用的(1)He valued the house for me at $50,000.(2)Experts say its a(n) invaluable(value) social practice that results in big benefits.(2018全国)(3)This car is good value for money(钱花得值).(4)同义句改写 The ways to learn English are very valuable to us students.The way

30、s to learn English are of great value to us students.variety n.种 类 ； 多 样 性 ； 变 化(1)a variety ofvarieties of种种的；各种各样的(2)vary v.变化；改变vary from.to.由到不等vary with随变化vary in在方面变化(3)various adj.各种各样的；不同的(1)The variety of his books is(be) astonishing.(2)Anger seems simple when we are feeling it，but the caus

31、es of anger are various(vary).(2018北京)(3)Opinions on this matter vary from person to person (因人而异).(4)除了定期训练之外，我们的团队还将参加各种活动。(2017全国)Our team，apart from regular training，will join in a variety of activities.易错点拨 a variety of名词，作主语时，谓语动词原则上与它所修饰的名词的数保持一致；the variety of复数名词，意为“的品种” ，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。worth

32、 adj.值 的 ； 具 有 价 值 的 ； 值 得 的(1)worth常用的结构：be worth n.值得；值的be worth doing sth. 值得做某事(2)worthy常用的结构：be worthyError!9(3)worthwhile常用的结构：Its worthwhileError!做某事是值得的。一句多译 这家工厂值得参观。(1)The factory is worth visiting/a visit.(worth)(2)The factory is worthy of a visit.(worthy of n.)(3)The factory is worthy of

33、 being visited.(worthy of being done)(4)The factory is worthy to be visited.(worthy to be done)(5)Its worthwhile visiting/to visit the factory.(worthwhile)possess vt.拥 有 ； 具 有 ； 支 配(1)be possessed of具有(某种品质或能力)(2)possession n.拥有；( pl.)财产；所有物be in possession of拥有(主语为人)be in the possession of sb. be i

34、n ones possession某物被某人拥有come into ones possession为某人所拥有take/come into possession of拥有(1)As the old saying goes， “A true friend is the best possession(possess).”单句改错(2)With the development of peoples living conditions，more and more people possess of their own cars.一句多译(3)他拥有那家公司。He is in possession o

35、f the company.(in possession of)The company is in the possession of him/in his possession.(用 the company作主语)He takes possession of the company.(用 he作主语并用 possession短语)be fed up with受 够 了 ； 厌 烦feed on以为食feed.on.用喂feed.with.供给，提供feed食物to.用某物喂10养(1)Owls feed on mice and other small animals.(2)Please fe

36、ed some grass to the cow.句式升级(3)She is fed up with his lies，so she wont believe in him any longer.(用形容词短语作状语改写)Fed up with his lies，she wont believe in him any longer. 图解助记联想发散 其他表示“受够了，厌烦”的短语：be bored with，be tired of，be sick of。be keen on 热 衷 于 be keen on doing sth. 热衷于；喜欢be keen to do/on doing.热衷

37、于做；很想做be keen that.should do.希望(1)Most students are keen on sports.(2)He is keen to pass(pass) the examination.(3)He is keen that she (should) come(come) to see him.易错点拨 be keen 后跟从句时，从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即(should) do。联想发散 表示“渴望”的短语还有：long for，long to do，be hungry for，be thirsty for，desire to do，be eager t

38、o，be anxious to 等。appeal to呼 吁 ， 恳 求 ； 吸 引(1)appeal to sb. for/to do.向某人呼吁/恳求某人做appeal to sb. 吸引某人；投某人所好(2)appeal n.呼吁；恳求；吸引力；上诉 v.有感染力；呼吁；恳求；上诉；有吸引力make an appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁/恳求make an appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人做某事11(3)appealing adj.吸引人的；恳求的(1)In winter，Beijing offers the citys f

39、un-seekers many appealing(appeal) options，from royal gardens to winter resorts.(2018皖南八校模拟)(2)We made an appeal to the villagers for money to build the bridge.(3)He appealed to/made an appeal to(呼吁) other leaders to donate for the cause. take up拿 起 ； 接 受 ； 开 始 从 事 ； 继 续 ； 占 用 时 间 、 空 间 take in收留；吸收；

40、欺骗；领会take on雇用；呈现；承担take over接任；接替take off脱掉；起飞；成功take down写下；拆除写出下列句子中 take up的汉语意思(1)Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month. 开始从事(2)This chapter takes up where the last one left off.继续(3)We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all taken up.占用

41、(4)Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？接受It has become such an important part in my life that I can hardly imagine what life would be like without music.音乐已成为我生命中重要的一部分。真的很难想象，如果没有音乐我的 生活将会怎样。句 型 ： such.that.so/such.that.引导结果状语从句，意为“如此以至于” 。(1)such.that.句型的

42、常见形式：sucha/an adj. n.that.such adj. n.(复数或不可数)that.(2)so.that.句型的常见形式：12so adj./adv.that.so adj.a/an n.that.somany/much/few/little(少) n.that.(3)当 so/such放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。(1)They are such little boys and eat so little food that we all love them very much.句式升级(2)It was so cold a day that there was nob

43、ody in the street.It was such a cold day that there was nobody in the street.(用 such.that.改写)So cold a day was it that there was nobody in the street.(用倒装改写)Never for a moment can I stop my love for reading because books are wise teachers as well as good friends in my life.我对阅读的热爱一刻也不能停止，因为在我的生活中书是良

44、师益友。句 型 ： 否 定 词 位 于 句 首 引 起 的 倒 装 句否定词置于句首，要用部分倒装语序，即把谓语动词的一部分助动词、情态动词或 be动词提到主语之前。这类否定词或含有否定意义的短语主要有：no，not，never，little，hardly，seldom，scarcely，barely，not until，neither.nor.，not only.but also.，no sooner.than.，hardly.when.，in no sense，in no way，in no case，by no means，on no account，at no time，under n

45、o circumstances 等。同义句改写 将下列句子改为倒装句(1)I have never seen such a moving film.Never have I seen such a moving film.(2)I hardly think it possible to finish the work before dark.Hardly do I think it possible to finish the work before dark.一句多译(3)直到最近他们才鼓励农村地区发展与旅游相关的活动。Not until recently did they encourag

46、e the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.They didnt encourage the development of tourist-related activities in the 13rural areas until recently.It was not until recently that they encouraged the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.易错点拨(1)当 not until

47、位于句首时，not until 所在的从句不倒装，主句要用倒装语序。(2)not only.but also.连接两个并列句且 not only位于句首时，not only后的句子倒装，but also 后的句子不倒装。(3)neither.nor.连接并列的句子时，(因 neither/nor都是否定意义的词)前后两句都用倒装语序。The reason is that it takes less time to understand the whole story in the film.原因是在电影中花更少的时间就能理解整个故事情节。句 型 ： It takes time for sb.

48、to do.It takes/took sb. some time to do.花了 某人多少时间做 ，表达“花费”的其他句型：1sb. spend.on/in doing sth. 2sth. cost sb. .3sb. pay钱for sth. 4sb. buy.for钱(1)It took me years to get back on my feet.我花了好几年才重新找到自己。根据语境用 take，spend，cost，pay，buy 的正确形式填空(2)I spent $120 on the books.(3)It takes the boy most of his free t

49、ime to learn drawing.(4)She pays 200 a week for this apartment.(5)Good words cost nothing，but are worth much.(6)He bought the bag for ten dollars.Its strange that fishing isnt as easy to learn as it seems.很奇怪的是钓鱼不像看起来那样容易学。句 型 ： as.as.14as.as.像一样；正如(1)结构特点：第一个 as为副词，修饰形容词或副词的原级。第二个 as为连词，引导状语从句；也可是介词，其后加