SANS 1404-2009 Eye-protectors for industrial and non-industrial use《工业用及非工业用护目镜》.pdf

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1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA

2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any

3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22857-6 SANS 1404:2009Edition 3SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Eye-protectors for industrial and non-industrial use Published by SABS Stan

4、dards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 1404:2009 Edition 3 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope Foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS SC 94C, Personal protec

5、tive equipment Eye and face protection, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This document was published in November 2009. This document supersedes SABS 1404:2002 (edition 2.3). Annexes A and B form an integral part of thi

6、s document. Annex C is for information only. SANS 1404:2009 Edition 3 1 Contents Page Foreword 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references . 3 3 Definitions . 3 4 Requirements for materials . 5 5 Design and manufacture . 5 6 Requirements for lenses . 7 7 Mechanical performance requirements 8 8 Packing, marking

7、 and labelling . 11 9 Information 13 10 Inspection and methods of test . 13 10.1 General . 13 10.2 Inspection 15 10.3 Conditioning 15 10.4 Test for optical properties . 15 10.5 Test for robustness and impact strength of eye-protectors . 16 10.6 Cleaning test . 18 10.7 Test for non-adherence of molte

8、n metals . 18 10.8 Test for resistance to penetration by hot solids 19 10.9 Test for protection against liquid droplets . 19 10.10 Test for protection against liquid splashes 20 10.11 Test for protection against dusts . 21 10.12 Test for protection against gases 22 10.13 Corrosion test 23 10.14 Igni

9、tability test (heated rod test) 23 Figures 1 to 5 24-27 Annex A (normative) Notes to purchasers 28 Annex B (normative) Description of faults sometimes found in glass and plastics materials used for lenses of eye-protectors 29 Annex C (informative) Quality verification of eye-protectors . 30 Bibliogr

10、aphy 31 SANS 1404:2009 Edition 3 2 This page is intentionally left blank SANS 1404:2009 Edition 3 3 Eye-protectors for industrial and non-industrial use 1 Scope 1.1 This standard specifies the characteristics of personal eye-protectors for industrial and non-industrial use. It covers eye-protectors

11、embodying afocal or prescription lenses or combinations of these. The hazards covered are impact, molten metals, hot solids, dusts, gases, liquids and any combination of these. 1.2 Requirements for eye-protectors used as protection against radiation outside the visible area of the spectrum and again

12、st laser beams are not given in this standard. For protection against harmful radiation, see SANS 1400, and for more information on oculars, see SANS 50169. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only th

13、e edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Information on currently valid national and international standards can be obtained from the SABS Standards Division. BS 7141-5, Narrow fabrics Part 5: Specification for

14、 elastic flat braids containing natural rubber. IEC 60050-845, International electrotechnical vocabulary Chapter 845 Lighting. ISO 8624, Ophthalmic optics Spectacle frames Measuring system and terminology. ISO 8980-1, Ophthalmic optics Uncut finished spectacle lenses Part 1: Specifications for singl

15、e-vision and multifocal lenses. ISO 8980-2, Opthalmic optics Uncut finished spectacle lenses Part 2: Specifications for progressive power lenses. SANS 469, Absorbent cotton lint. SANS 7253/ISO 7253, Paints and varnishes Detirmination of resistance to neutral salt spray (fog). 3 Definitions For the p

16、urposes of this standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 dusts eye-protector eye-protector that provides protection against dusts SANS 1404:2009 Edition 3 4 3.2 eye-protector any form of protective equipment that covers at least the region of the eyes for the purposes of this standard, a face

17、shield (visor), goggles or spectacles 3.3 face shield face screen visor eye-protector that also serves to protect all or a substantial part of the face against particles such as those produced during woodworking, metal machining, etc., and against splash droplets from certain liquids 3.4 gases eye-p

18、rotector eye-protector that provides protection against gases and vapours 3.5 goggles eye-protector that is fitted with a single or two separate oculars enclosing the orbital cavities and intended to protect the eyes against flying particles, dusts, splashing liquids and, in the case of goggles with

19、 a filter lens, harmful light radiation NOTE Goggles are usually held in position by a headband. 3.6 horizontal datum length horizontal distance between the centre points of the (optical) lenses when mounted in a pair of spectacles 3.7 housing part of an eye-protector that retains the ocular(s) 3.8

20、impact eye-protector eye-protector that provides protection against impacts 3.9 liquid droplets very small particles of a liquid substance, capable of remaining in suspension in a gas 3.10 liquids eye-protector eye-protector that provides protection against splashes or liquid droplets 3.11 mid-datum

21、 vertical depth half the distance between the horizontal sides of the rectangular box which circumscribes the lens shape of an optical lens 3.12 molten metals eye-protector eye-protector that provides protection against molten metal splash and hot solids SANS 1404:2009 Edition 3 5 3.13 ocular transp

22、arent part of an eye-protector that permits vision, for example the lens, face screen or visor 3.14 orbital cavity sockets in the skull that contain the eyes and their appendages 3.15 quasi-monochromatic light source light source that emits radiation which is substantially monochromatic 3.16 spectac

23、les eye-protector (for protection against flying particles) the oculars of which are mounted in a spectacle-type frame, with or without lateral protection (side shields) NOTE 1 The oculars may be integral with the frame. NOTE 2 A pair of safety spectacles may have earbows or a headband fitting. 3.17

24、 ultraviolet radiation radiation that has a wavelength just less than that of the violet end of the visible spectrum 4 Requirements for materials 4.1 Corrosion resistance of metal parts When an eye-protector is tested in accordance with 10.13, the metal parts shall show no sign of corrosion when vie

25、wed using normal or corrected vision without magnification, and they shall still be in a serviceable condition. 4.2 Ignitability When an eye-protector is tested in accordance with 10.14, no part (apart from the headbands and textile edgings) shall ignite when the heat source is applied. Headbands an

26、d textile edgings shall not continue to burn after the heat source has been removed. 4.3 Cleaning When cleaned by the method recommended by the manufacturer (see 10.6), the materials of an eye-protector shall show no visible deterioration. 4.4 Compatibility with skin All materials that come into con

27、tact with the wearers skin shall be of a kind that is known not to cause skin infection or skin irritation. 5 Design and manufacture 5.1 General 5.1.1 Types of eye-protector An eye-protector shall be of one of the following types, as required: a) a face shield; SANS 1404:2009 Edition 3 6 b) goggles;

28、 or c) spectacles. It shall provide the type(s) of protection as indicated in column 1 of table 2, as required (see annex A). Where applicable, eye-protectors shall be provided with brow guards, chin protectors, chin straps, visors, etc., as required (see annex A). 5.1.2 Grades of impact protection

29、Impact eye-protectors shall be of grade 1 or grade 2 (see 7.2.1.1), as required (see annex A). 5.2 Finish All parts of an eye-protector shall be free from sharp edges or projections that could cause harm or discomfort to the wearer. 5.3 Requirements for headbands and harnesses 5.3.1 Where headbands

30、or harnesses are provided, they shall, when properly adjusted, be capable of holding the eye-protector in the correct position. 5.3.2 Headbands shall be capable of being replaced without the use of special tools. 5.3.3 Headbands or harnesses shall have a non-slip adjustable band of width at least 14

31、 mm or, when so required (see annex A), a retaining spring of outside diameter at least 7 mm. If so required (see annex A), the retaining spring may be covered with a sleeve. 5.3.4 When made of elastic braid, headbands shall comply with the requirements of BS 7141-5. 5.4 Adjustable parts and compone

32、nts Adjustable parts or components incorporated in an eye-protector shall be easily adjustable and, where intended to be replaceable, shall be easily replaceable without the use of special tools. 5.5 Protection from particles and radiation The design of an eye-protector, including ventilation featur

33、es (where provided), shall not allow the direct entry of any particle or stray radiation into the protected area from any angle forward of the plane of the rear edge of the eye-protector. 5.6 Screws If an eye-protector has rims secured by a screw or screws, the screw(s) shall be peened and coated wi

34、th adhesive or otherwise treated or designed to prevent loosening in use. 5.7 Heat insulation All metal fittings that are likely to be exposed to heat radiation during use and that come into contact with the wearers skin shall be insulated to reduce thermal conductivity. SANS 1404:2009 Edition 3 7 6

35、 Requirements for lenses 6.1 Materials 6.1.1 Lenses shall be made of plastics materials, or of toughened glass or laminated glass (or any combination of these materials), or of untreated glass backed with one of the foregoing materials. 6.1.2 The material shall be water resistant and oil resistant,

36、shall contain ultraviolet radiation absorbers, shall have a low thermal conductivity and shall be free from defects such as bubbles, seeds, clouding, pits, scratches, cracks, waves and dull spots (see annex B). Lenses shall be clear or tinted or shall have one part tinted and the remainder clear, as

37、 required (see annex A). NOTE Annex B gives a list of definitions of faults that are sometimes found in lenses of eye-protectors. 6.1.3 Any coating on the surface of a lens of an eye-protector shall be free from creases, blisters and any sign of loss of adhesion. 6.2 Dimensions The dimensions of len

38、ses shall be at least the following, as required (see annex A): a) circular lenses: diameter 49 mm, with an aperture of diameter 40 mm; b) shaped lenses: horizontal datum length 42 mm and mid-datum vertical depth 35 mm, in accordance with ISO 8624; c) one-piece rectangular lenses: 105 mm 50 mm. (Pre

39、ferred sizes are 108 mm 51 mm and 108 mm 82 mm); and d) one-piece shaped lenses: large enough to include two circles of diameter 48 mm that are spaced symmetrically about the vertical centre line of the eye-protector, with the centres being 66 mm apart, measured on the horizontal front plane of the

40、eye-protector as worn. 6.3 Optical properties 6.3.1 Light transmittance When tested in accordance with 10.4.9, lenses shall transmit at least 80 % of the light energy within the visible spectrum unless they are impact eye-protectors and are double-layered, in which case the transmittance shall be at

41、 least 70 %. These limits do not apply to lenses that are claimed to be tinted. NOTE Tinted lenses include those that have metal coatings. 6.3.2 Optical quality 6.3.2.1 Lenses other than those of spectacles Lenses, other than those of spectacles, shall be free, to within 5 mm of their edges, from in

42、herent faults that can be observed by the wearer when the eye-protector is being worn. Examples of such faults are listed in annex B. The inspection for faults shall be made by the wearer with his eyes focused at a variety of focal distances likely to be encountered at work; there shall be no attemp

43、t to focus on the lens itself. 6.3.2.2 Lenses of spectacles The lenses of spectacles shall be completely free from faults. SANS 1404:2009 Edition 3 8 6.3.3 Spherical power, prismatic effects and astigmatism 6.3.3.1 Prescription lenses shall comply with ISO 8980-1 and ISO 8980-2. 6.3.3.2 When tested

44、in accordance with 10.4.6 ,10.4.7and 10.4.8 mounted lenses shall comply with the tolerances given in table 1. 6.3.3.3 The requirements of table 1 shall be met at four points on the ocular (one of which shall be the centre). In the case of one-piece lenses, the test points shall be in areas of the oc

45、ular enclosed by two circles of diameter 40 mm, the centres of the circles being spaced symmetrically about the centre of the ocular and the distance between them being 64 mm. 6.3.3.4 The spherical power and the astigmatism shall be within the specified limits at all points on the ocular lying withi

46、n 25 mm of each test point. 6.3.3.5 For impact eye-protectors, the combined prismatic imbalance shall not exceed 0,30 . Table 1 Tolerances on optical properties 1 2 3 4 Spherical power Astigmatism Prismatic effect Type of eye-protector D D Impact 0,12 0,12 0,30 All other eye-protectors 0,06 0,06 0,1

47、5 NOTE The unit of power is the dioptre (symbol D). The unit of prism power is the prism dioptre (symbol ) 7 Mechanical performance requirements 7.1 Robustness of construction 7.1.1 General When tested in accordance with 10.5, the frames and lenses of an eye-protector shall withstand a robustness te

48、st consisting of the frontal impact of a 6 mm steel ball travelling at a velocity of 12 0,600 +m/s. 7.1.2 Eye-protectors with mounted lenses 7.1.2.1 General When tested in accordance with 10.5, the lenses that are normally fitted as at the time of supply, an eye-protector shall not show any sign of

49、failure or deformation as described in 7.1.2.2 to 7.1.2.5 (inclusive). 7.1.2.2 Lens failure A lens shall be considered to have failed if it cracks through its entire thickness into two or more separate pieces or if more than 30 mg of material becomes detached from the surface remote from that receiving the test blow, or, in the case of solid visors, if delamination occurs. 7.1.2.3 Lens deformation A lens shall be considered to have deformed if a mark appears on the white paper (or an indentation appears on the modelling clay)