SAE J 903-1999 Passenger Car Windshield Wiper Systems《客车雨刷系统》.pdf

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1、SAE-J903ADOPTION NOTICESAE-J903, “WINDSHIELD WIPER SYSTEMS, PASSENGER CAR“, was adoptedon 30-SEP-81 for use by the Department of Defense (DoD). Proposed changes by DoD activities must be submitted to the DoDAdopting Activity: Commander, US Army Tank-Automotive andArmaments Command, ATTN: AMSTA-TR-E/

2、IE, Warren, MI 48397-5000. Copies of this document may be purchased from the Society ofAutomotive Engineers 400 Commonwealth Drive Warrendale,Pennsylvania, United States, 15096-0001. http:/www.sae.org/_Custodians: Adopting Activity:Army - ATArmy - ATAir Force - 99Reviewer Activities:Navy - YDFSC 231

3、0DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distributionis unlimited.Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is publis

4、hed by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirelyvoluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical re

5、port at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS http:/www.sae.

6、orgCopyright 1999 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.SURFACEVEHICLE400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001RECOMMENDEDPRACTICESubmitted for recognition as an American National StandardJ903REV.MAY1999Issued 1964-08Revised 1999-05Superseding J903c NOV19

7、73(R) Passenger Car Windshield Wiper SystemsForewordThis Document has also changed to comply with the new SAE Technical Standards Board Format.References were added as Section 2, Definitions changed to Section 3. All other section numbers have changedaccordingly.1. ScopeThis SAE Recommend Practice e

8、stablishes for passenger cars, light trucks, and multipurposevehicles with GVW or 4500 kg (10 000 lb) or less:a. Minimum performance standards for windshield wiper systems.b. Test procedures that can be conducted on uniform test equipment by commercially availablelaboratory facilities.c. Uniform ter

9、minology of windshield wiper system characteristics and phenomena consistent with thosefound in guides for the use of engineering layout studies to evaluate system performance.d. Guides for the design and location of components of the systems for function, servicing of the system,etc.The test proced

10、ures and minimum performance standards, outlined in this document, are based on currentlyavailable engineering data. It is the intent that all portions of the document will be periodically reviewed andrevised as additional data regarding windshield wiping system performance are developed.2. Referenc

11、es2.1 Applicable PublicationsThe following publications form a part of the specification to the extent specifiedherein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest revision of SAE publications shall apply.2.1.1 SAE PUBLICATIONAvailable from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.SAE J941M

12、otor Vehicle Drivers Eye Location2.1.2 ASTM PUBLICATIONSAvailable from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.ASTM D 518Test Method for Rubber DeteriorationSurface CoatingASTM D 1171Test Method for Rubber DeteriorationSurface Ozone Cracking Outdoors or Chamber(Triangular Speci

13、mens)Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J903 Revised MAY1999-2-2.2 Related PublicationsThe following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not arequired part

14、of this document.2.2.1 SAE PUBLICATIONSAvailable from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.SAE J680Location and Operation of Instruments and Controls in Motor Truck CabsSAE J687NomenclatureTruck, Bus, Trailer3. Definitions3.1 Windshield Wiper SystemThe wiper system consists of all

15、the apparatus for cleaning the exterior surfaceof windshield glazing, together with the necessary devices and controls to start and stop operation.3.2 Wiper BladeA device for cleaning the effective wiper pattern, capable of receiving tip load exerted by anarm, comprising a suitable superstructure, a

16、nd supporting and controlling a wiper blade element.3.3 Wiper Blade ElementThe resilient member of the wiper blade that contacts the windshield glazing surface.3.4 Wiper ArmA device to interconnect the wiper blade and the output shaft of the wiper motor linkageassembly. The wiper arm has the dual fu

17、nction of:a. Maintaining the wiper blade into its desired position throughout the wipe patternb. Exerting a load onto the wiper blade sufficient for its function3.5 Linkage AssemblyThe multi-component member that connects to the wiper arm(s) (where applicable) totransmit its action into accurate mot

18、ion for driving the wiper arm(s).3.6 Wiper Control Valve/SwitchThe manually actuated mechanism that allows passage of pneumatic orelectrical signal to the wiper motor for activating the wiper system into its various operating or non-operatingmodes.3.7 Wiped AreaThe specific areas on the windshield g

19、lazing surface which shall be covered by the effectivewiper pattern. These areas were developed as being compatible with viewing requirements necessary tooperate a passenger car, light truck, or multipurpose vehicle.3.8 EyellipseA statistical representation of the drivers eye location in a motor veh

20、icle, as defined in 4.1.5 ofSAE J941 (latest version) regarding head turn. For the purpose of this document, the head turn considerationin 4.1.5 of SAE J941 will not be used. For individual-type passenger car seats, use A.2.2 of Appendix A ofSAE J941.3.9 Effective Wipe PatternThat portion of the wet

21、 windshield glazing surface which is cleared when the wiperblade travels through a cycle with system on highest frequency. Minimum Wiped Area is defined in 4.1.1.3.10 CycleA cycle shall consist of wiper blade movement during system operation from one extreme of the wiperpattern to the other extreme

22、and return.3.11 Tandem PatternThe pattern produced by the wiper blades moving in the same direction across thewindshield glazing surface simultaneously. See Figure 1.3.12 Opposed PatternThe pattern produced by the wiper blades moving in opposite directions across thewindshield glazing surface simult

23、aneously. See Figure 2.Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J903 Revised MAY1999-3-FIGURE 1TANDEM PATTERNFIGURE 2OPPOSED PATTERN3.13 Single Arm PatternThe pattern produced by a single wi

24、per blade moving across the windshield glazingsurface.a. Single Arm (see Figure 3.)b. Single Extending Arm (see Figure 4.)FIGURE 3SINGLE ARM PATTERNCopyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J

25、903 Revised MAY1999-4-FIGURE 4SINGLE EXTENDING ARM3.14 ChatterIrregular movement of the wiper blade usually accompanied by temporary visible radial lines and/ornoise.3.15 BallooningUnwiped areas within the wipe pattern, varying in size and usually round.3.16 StreakingFine arcuate lines of unwiped mo

26、isture within the wipe pattern.3.17 ScallopingUneven wipe at the outer periphery of the pattern.3.18 Lace CurtainA maze of fine water droplets which are formed after the wiper blade passes over thewindshield glazing surface.3.19 HazingAn aerated film spread by the blade and resulting in a transient

27、trailing band on the windshieldglazing surface.3.20 Snow LoadThe load imposed on the wiper system by the accumulation of packed snow, resulting in alimitation of blade travel.3.21 Motor Stall TorqueThe maximum torque that the motor can maintain for two cycles at specified conditions.3.22 System Torq

28、ueTorque necessary to overcome friction of the wiper blade(s) and the driving mechanismunder the specified conditions.3.23 Damp DryThe condition of the windshield which produces the highest friction during the transition from awet to a dry surface.3.24 MoistureAtmospheric water precipitation in liqu

29、id, semi-liquid, or frozen (snow) state.3.25 Relative Air SpeedThe vector difference of vehicle speed and the component of the wind speed parallel tothe direction of travel of the vehicle.3.26 Daylight Opening (DLO)The term DLO refers to the maximum unobstructed opening through thewindshield apertur

30、e, with reveal or garnish moldings adjoining the glazing surface installed normal to glasssurface.3.27 FunctionAbility of the wiper system to clear the specified area of the windshield when the system isoperated in accordance with the vehicle manufacturers instructions.3.28 Multi-Piece WindshieldA w

31、indshield consisting of two or more windshield glazing surface areas.Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J903 Revised MAY1999-5-3.29 OversweepingThe travel of the wiper blade beyond the

32、 limits of the wipe pattern established under highspeed wet operation, associated with wiper blade making contact with moldings, masking, or framing.3.30 Flip OverA characteristic of the wiper blade wherein the lip of the blade flexes (flips over) to its oppositeposition when the direction of the bl

33、ade travel reverses.3.31 Rubber DepositA deterioration of the wiping element characterized by particles of rubber adhering to theglazing surface sufficient to form a visual or non-visual area of high friction material. If permitted to remain,operation of the wiper blade across such areas causes furt

34、her deterioration.3.32 Cycles per MinuteSpeed of the wiper system measured by the number of complete operations from oneextremity of the wipe pattern to the opposite extremity and return within 1 min.3.33 WindliftAny wind force lifting arm and blade from windshield, typically at high vehicle speeds

35、andcharacterized by unwiped areas in the wipe pattern.3.34 Attack AngleThe angular relationship in which the tip of the wiper arm, at the attachment for the wiperblade, is presented to the glazing surface at any point throughout the wipe pattern. The sign of the attackangle is determined by looking

36、from the tip of the wiper blade to the heel. From this perspective, a counter-clockwise rotation from the windshield surface normal to the blade centerline is positive and a clockwiserotation is negative. (See Figure 5.)FIGURE 5View from Blad Tip to Heel3.35 Tip LoadAmount of “arm load” as applied t

37、o blade against glazing surface; the force transmitted by the armto the blade.3.36 Arc or Arcuate Wiper ArmA wiper arm that maintains a fixed attitude between the arm and bladethroughout the wipe pattern.3.37 ArticulateA windshield wiper system having a specially designed wiper arm with dual extensi

38、ons restrainedto separate base points. The dual arm allows the blade to swivel near the outer extremity of the wipe pattern,thereby enlarging the overall wipe pattern.3.38 PantographA windshield wiper system having a specially designed wiper arm with dual extensionsrestrained to separate base points

39、 that allows the attached wiper blade to remain essentially parallelthroughout the wipe pattern, to that of the blade when in its mid-stroke position.3.39 HeelThe end of the blade closest to the output shaft.3.40 TipThe end of the blade furthest from the output shaft.Copyright SAE International Prov

40、ided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J903 Revised MAY1999-6-4. General Performance4.1 Windshield Wiper System4.1.1 VISION AREASThe vision areas are described by three specific areas on the exterior windshield glazingsu

41、rface. The three areas are developed with the vehicle loaded to the manufacturers base design load andare identified in Table 1 as areas A, B, and C. Each area has been established using the angles of Table 1applied as shown in Figure 6. In the side views, the upper and lower boundary of the area is

42、 established bythe intersection of two planes, which are seen as lines tangent to the upper and lower edges of the eyellipse,with the windshield glazing surface. The planes are fixed by angles above and below the XX line. In the planview, the left and right boundary of the area is established by the

43、 intersection of two vertical planes tangentto the left and right edges of the eyellipse with the windshield glazing surface. The planes are fixed byangles to the left and right of the XX line. The areas used in determining the percentage of wiped area arethose areas on the exterior glazing surface

44、which are not within 25 mm (1 in) of the edge of the daylightopening (pillars, division bar, header, etc.). The percentage is the ratio of the wiped area within the definedarea to the defined area. Using test procedures established in 5.1, see Table 1 for percentages to be wiped.4.1.2 FREQUENCY4.1.2

45、.1 The windshield wiper system shall be designed to provide two frequencies:a. One of not less than 45 cycles/minb. One of not less than 10 and not more than 55 cycles/minc. The difference between the highest and at least one of the lower frequencies shall be at least15cycles/min4.1.2.2 The frequenc

46、ies prescribed in 4.1.2.1 must be obtainable under normal vehicle operating conditionsregardless of engine speed and engine load, following test procedures and test conditions established in5.2.4.1.3 DURABILITYWiping system shall remain functional after operating 1500000 cycles, using test procedure

47、sand test conditions established in 5.2.4.1.4 STRENGTHThe system shall be capable of withstanding the loads induced by stall, using test proceduresand test conditions established in 5.3, with all mechanical components remaining functional.4.1.5 TEMPERATURE OPERATIONAL CAPABILITYThe windshield wiper

48、system shall be capable of operatingbetween temperatures of 30 to 55 C 3 C (20 to 130 F 5 F) using test conditions and testprocedures established in 5.4.TABLE 1AREA TO BE WIPEDAreaMinimumPercentWipedAngles, degreesLeftAngles, degreesRightAngles, degreesUpAngles, degreesDownA 80 18 56 10 5B 94 14 53

49、5 3C 99 10 15 5 1Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J903 Revised MAY1999-7-FIGURE 6WINDSHIELD WIPER SYSTEM4.1.6 WINDLIFTThe windshield wiper blade element shall continue to contact at least 98% of Area C as definedby 4.1.1, in each wiper travel direction, t